1. Change the investment mode and increase the proportion of long-term investment. We must go beyond the framework of passive management of foreign exchange reserves and find ways to optimize the structure of reserve assets. From the analysis of foreign exchange reserve structure, at present, China's foreign exchange reserves are mainly invested in overseas financial assets such as high-credit government bonds, international financial organization bonds, government agency bonds, corporate bonds, etc., especially in the United States. No matter from the perspective of safety, liquidity or profitability, too concentrated investment is inappropriate.

2. Enhance China's economic competitiveness. To improve China's economic competitiveness, we need to obtain more markets, resources and key capabilities from abroad. Foreign exchange reserve investment should focus on improving the international competitiveness of domestic enterprises, optimizing industrial structure, supporting competitive large enterprises, expanding overseas investment and acquiring foreign strategic assets.

3. Establish a strategic material reserve. China is a big manufacturing country in the world, but it lacks the pricing power of important resources, which is closely related to its relative lack of resources and insufficient strategic material reserves. China should base itself on relatively sufficient foreign exchange reserves, establish a strategic material reserve commensurate with China's huge manufacturing industry, and actively participate in global market expansion and global commodity trading.