China Bank Gold Foreign Exchange Reserve Table Monthly gold reserves (1 0,000 ounces) National foreign exchange reserves (1 billion dollars) 20071month19291kloc-0/046.92 February 2007. List of official gold reserves in the world (March 2007) Number of countries (regions) and organizations (tons) Number of countries (regions) and organizations (tons) in which gold accounts for% of foreign exchange reserves1USA 8 135.5 75.9 5 1 Nigeria 2/kloc-0. .2 Germany 3422.5 62.95217.51.74 France 2709.6 57.4 54 Cyprus 14.5 5. 1.5 Italy 245 1.8 65.8 55 Korea/kloc. In the history of civilization, the total amount of gold excavated from this planet is about 6.5438+0.5 million tons. At present, about 40% of the 6.5438+0.5 million tons of gold exists in the world financial circulation field as a negotiable financial reserve asset, with a total amount of about 60,000 tons. Among them, more than 30,000 tons of gold is the official financial strategic reserve owned by various countries, and more than 20,000 tons of gold is the private financial gold reserve owned by international private and private enterprises; Another 60% of gold exists in the state of general commodities, such as jewelry products, historical relics, electronic chemistry and other industrial products. It should be noted that a large part of this 60% gold can be converted into financial assets owned by private and private forces at any time to participate in the field of financial circulation. (1) At present, according to the data of the World Gold Council, as of June 10, 2003, the data of the top 40 countries in the world's official gold reserves are as follows (compared with the current data, there is little change): Judging from the official gold reserves data provided by the World Gold Council, gold is still the main body of official financial strategic reserves in many countries. At present, the total amount of official gold reserves announced by countries all over the world is 32,700 tons, which is about 13 times of the current annual world gold output. Among them, the countries and organizations whose official gold reserves exceed 1 000 tons are: the United States, Germany, France, Italy, Switzerland and the International Monetary Fund. Among these countries and organizations, the United States has the largest gold reserve of 8 149 tons, accounting for 24.9% of the world's official gold reserve. The official gold reserves of the top ten western countries account for more than 75% of the global official gold reserves. There are 32 countries, regions or organizations with gold reserves exceeding100t, mainly in Europe and North America, and only a few countries in Asia and Africa. There are 47 countries, regions or organizations whose gold reserves are less than 10 ton, which are basically distributed in Asia, Africa and Latin America, accounting for only 1.43% of the US gold reserves. From this data, we can see that countries with strong political and economic strength have more gold reserves, which shows that gold reserves are still a symbol of the country's comprehensive strength. In addition, the proportion of gold reserves in the total national financial strategic reserves also shows that gold is still the main body of national strategic reserves, and gold reserves are still valued by developed countries in the world. The gold reserves of the United States account for 56.7% of the total national strategic reserves, while those of other developed countries such as Germany 37.6%, France 47. 1%, Italy 47.8%, Switzerland 38.2% and the Netherlands 46.6% also highlight the important role of gold reserves. What needs special attention is that some countries implement the policy of storing foreign exchange for the people according to their actual conditions. For example, although India's official gold reserve is only 357.8 tons, its proportion in the total national strategic reserve is not high, only 7.8%. However, according to relevant data, the total private gold reserves in India are at least 654.38+00000 tons, and the private silver reserves are at least 654.38+065.438+00000 tons. Now, India is still the largest gold consumption market in the world, with an annual consumption of 600-800 tons. India is not a gold producer, and most of the gold consumed every year is purchased from the international market. In recent years, with the rapid development of India's economy, the import of gold has also increased significantly. China's officially announced gold reserves are about 600 tons (in 2004, there is no big change in quantity), accounting for less than 2% of China's international financial reserves, and the proportion of gold reserves and international reserves is obviously low. However, the figure of 600 tons is officially released by China. According to experience, 600 tons may be an inaccurate figure. Based on various factors, China's official gold reserves are over 600 tons, and the gold reserves are about 1 1,000 tons. (2) At present, the main factor affecting the world gold price is private market forces. In all kinds of gold research reports, we should first study and analyze the official gold reserves of all countries in the world. The main reason is that the official gold reserve data is very transparent and accurate, which is convenient for research and analysis. At the same time, we can also understand the position of gold in the eyes of official governments of various countries. However, it is easy for gold investors to misunderstand that the current gold market price is controlled by official institutions, which is very popular among theoretical circles and general researchers. To invest in gold, we must first understand that although a large part of the world's total gold is in the hands of governments, it is not the mainstream of the current world gold market. At present, the price trend of gold in the world is not affected by the will of governments, and the will of governments to sell or buy gold cannot change the general trend of gold price trend. At present, the main participants in the world gold market are non-governmental forces. There are mainly various types of investment funds, some of which are dominated by commodity market funds, as well as international consortia, big banks and big insurance companies. The largest number of retail gold investors distributed around the world are connected by various gold investment brokers. These private investment forces in the gold market constitute more than 95% of the current world gold trading volume. The world gold price is now determined by private market forces all over the world. (3) The role of gold is still irreplaceable. 1999, the new euro monetary system was born. In the statement of European Central Bank 15, it was once again confirmed that gold is still a recognized financial asset, and it was made clear that gold accounts for 15% of the system's currency reserves. This is the return of the financial function of gold currency. Gold is still the fifth largest international settlement currency after the US dollar, euro, pound and yen. Now gold can be regarded as a quasi-currency. Now gold can be divided into commodity gold and financial gold. In addition to the above financial uses, the current commercial uses of gold are mainly industrial gold for jewelry industry, Buddha statue decoration, architectural decoration, gold utensils, electronics industry, dentistry, gold medals and so on. As a kind of currency metal, gold has been strictly controlled for a long time, which leads to the narrow commodity use of gold at present. The important role of gold is also reflected in finance and functions of money. Later, with the advancement of the reform of the international financial system and the non-monetization of gold in the international monetary system, gold has increasingly moved from palaces and temples to the people, from privileged possession of dignitaries to mass possession. Gold has become a commodity that can be freely owned and traded. Gold has moved from the national treasury to the homes of ordinary people, and its liquidity has been greatly enhanced, and the scale of gold trading has increased, providing a realistic economic environment for the development and growth of the gold market. The twenty years after the monetization of gold is also a period of development of the world gold market. Gold began to develop from the stage dominated by monetary attributes to the stage of dual attributes of finance, money and commodities. The development of commodity gold market has also promoted the rapid development of financial gold market. Economist Keynes once commented on the role of gold: "Gold plays an important role in our system. As the last guard and reserve in an emergency, nothing else can replace it. " -gold is also a special commodity with financial attributes!