The second is equity financing.
China's innovation in this respect is no less than that of foreign enterprises and institutions, but our institutional environment and related platforms make our enterprises not smooth in these aspects. For example, in North America or Europe, the banking system, other systems, related guarantee systems and other credit systems are very perfect. We find that many enterprises are engaged in portfolio loans and trade financing. A phenomenon unique to China and rarely seen in other countries exists literally abroad, such as foreign exchange supervision in China. Therefore, the phenomenon of public investment in China is worth pondering.
The third is industrial investment. There are already in China, but most of the resources are in * * *. Recently, I also found that the overall situation of this investment is not very good. Of course, there are * * * and professionals are not in place.
4. Trade financing, trading friends are certainly no strangers, but the most important thing is that we have read a set of figures. In fact, the real financing behavior of trading enterprises in China accounts for 20% of the whole financing behavior, which shows that there is still a lot of room. We have to analyze whether it is a problem of banks or internal qualifications of enterprises, or a problem of our own thinking habits, or a problem of not knocking on the door.
5. Private equity funds are now open, and you may see a brand-new situation in March next year 1, which is why many investment companies are observing and turning recently. I believe that there must be great achievements in this respect.
6. Shares of partners or employees
With the transformation of three characteristics of technological innovation, that is, from single product innovation to series product innovation, from ability innovation to collective innovation; From one-off innovation to continuous innovation, it is often necessary to establish a high-tech enterprise with others. In the initial stage of many enterprises, a considerable part of the funds are raised by a few or a dozen entrepreneurs.
Employee stock ownership is an effective financing method. But we should pay attention to the following two aspects:
Employee stock ownership is of little significance for a small company, because the amount of funds that the company can raise is directly proportional to the number of employees. Generally speaking, after the company has developed to a certain extent, expanded in scale and greatly strengthened in strength, the company can further grow rapidly. When a large amount of funds is needed for expansion, employee stock ownership can be considered as a financing method.
If the business situation of the enterprise is not good, it is generally not appropriate to implement the employee stock ownership plan. Because the employees of the enterprise know the enterprise very well, at this time, the implementation of the employee stock ownership plan can easily make them feel used or resisted, thus making the employee stock ownership plan difficult to succeed.
Of course, if the scale of the company develops to a certain extent, the company is in good operating condition, or even if the operating condition is not ideal, the managers and employees of the company will form a kind of knowledge about avoiding bankruptcy and unemployment of employees, hoping to tide over the difficulties in the same boat. Then adopting employee stock is a feasible financing channel.
7. Leasing is also a financing method.
For newly established enterprises, production needs investment in fixed assets, especially high-tech enterprises. Fixed assets equipment is often expensive, and entrepreneurs often don't have enough money to buy fixed assets, so leasing is almost the only choice. Even in the case of abundant capital, for the sake of optimizing the financing structure, leasing may be adopted.
What financing channels do venture capital companies have? Hello,
Some,
You can't possibly know.
Who knows the local financing channels in China? Be comprehensive! ① Domestic bank loans
② Loans from foreign banks (including global financial institutions such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund)
3 issue local debt.
(4) Issuing corporate bonds (provided that the bond issuing enterprises are controlled by local governments).
⑤ Others
* * * What impact does the release of the financing standard policy have on the later * * * debt financing? The first is debt financing, and the second is equity financing. China's innovation in this respect is no less than that of foreign enterprises and institutions, but our institutional environment and related platforms make our enterprises not smooth in these aspects. For example, in North America or Europe, the banking system, other systems, related guarantee systems and other credit systems are very perfect. We find that many enterprises are engaged in portfolio loans and trade financing. A phenomenon unique to China and rarely seen in other countries exists literally abroad, such as foreign exchange supervision in China. Therefore, the phenomenon of public investment in China is worth pondering. The third is industrial investment. There are already in China, but most of the resources are in * * *. Recently, I also found that the overall situation of this investment is not very good. Of course, there are * * * and professionals are not in place. 4. Trade financing, trading friends are certainly no strangers, but the most important thing is that we have read a set of figures. In fact, the real financing behavior of trading enterprises in China accounts for 20% of the whole financing behavior, which shows that there is still a lot of room. We have to analyze whether it is a problem of banks or internal qualifications of enterprises, or a problem of our own thinking habits, or a problem of not knocking on the door. 5. Private equity funds are now open, and you may see a brand-new situation in March next year 1, which is why many investment companies are observing and turning recently. I believe that there must be great achievements in this respect. 6. The shareholding of partners or employees changes with the three characteristics of technological innovation, that is, from single product innovation to series product innovation, from ability innovation to collective innovation; From one-time innovation to continuous innovation, high-tech enterprises often need to start businesses with others. In the initial stage of many enterprises, a considerable part of the funds are raised by a few or a dozen entrepreneurs. Employee stock ownership is an effective financing method. However, we should pay attention to the following two aspects: employee stock ownership is of little significance to a company that is too small, because the amount of funds that the company can raise is directly proportional to the number of employees. Generally speaking, after the company has developed to a certain extent, expanded in scale and greatly strengthened in strength, the company can further grow rapidly. When the expansion needs a lot of money, employees can consider this financing method. If the business situation of the enterprise is not good, it is generally not appropriate to implement the employee stock ownership plan. Because the employees of the enterprise know the enterprise very well, at this time, the implementation of the employee stock ownership plan can easily make them feel used or resisted, thus making the employee stock ownership plan difficult to succeed. Of course, if the scale of the company develops to a certain extent, the company is in good operating condition, or even if the operating condition is not ideal, the managers and employees of the company will form a kind of knowledge about avoiding bankruptcy and unemployment of employees, hoping to tide over the difficulties in the same boat. Then adopting employee stock is a feasible financing channel. 7. Leasing is also a financing method. For newly established enterprises, fixed assets need to be put into production, especially high-tech enterprises. Fixed assets equipment is often expensive, and entrepreneurs often don't have enough funds to buy fixed assets. Leasing is almost the only option. Even in the case of abundant capital, for the sake of optimizing the financing structure, leasing may be adopted.
Borrowers of financing channels of microfinance companies need to fill in the application form in writing and submit the following materials when applying for personal loans from banks:
1, my valid identity document;
2. Proof of residential address (household registration book, etc. );
3. Personal professional certificate;
4. Proof of income of the loan applicant and his family members;
5. Other information stipulated by the bank.
* * * The meaning of financing. * * * Financing (or compulsory financing) is due to the non-exclusive consumption of public goods, and rational individuals tend to pay by others and enjoy themselves, which is a "free ride". This problem makes the financing mechanism of public goods market fail, so the traditional public goods theory draws the conclusion that * * * should be regarded as public goods.
The disadvantage of financing is that it is difficult to meet the diverse needs of social members for public goods.
What are the financing channels in Guangxi? Post an interview reply from the general manager of the consultant, hoping to help you.
There are many financing channels for small and medium-sized enterprises, which can be roughly divided into four categories.
First of all, the most familiar channel is bank loans. There are more than 700 banks in China, and five state-owned banks and most national joint-stock banks have branches in Guangxi. Local city commercial banks include Beibu Gulf Bank, Guilin Bank, Liuzhou Bank, as well as rural credit cooperatives, rural cooperative banks, national rural banks and other 100 independent corporate banking financial institutions.
More than ten kinds of licensed financial institutions such as trust companies, insurance companies, securities companies, financial leasing companies and asset management companies can be divided into one category;
The third category is private financing channels, including small loan companies, guarantee companies, pawn shops, financial service companies, P2P/ crowdfunding websites and other public channels, as well as more flexible unlicensed private funding channels.
The fourth category is equity financing channels. Shang Gao enterprises are listed on the main boards of Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange for public financing. Private financing can be listed on the OTC market such as Beibu Gulf Property Rights Exchange, and seek private equity financing from various equity investment funds, professional investment companies and professional investors.
What are the financing channels for starting a business? The first is the fund, which borrows money from fake stocks. As the name implies, the so-called fake stock secret loan means that investors invest in projects in the form of shares, but actually do not participate in project management. Withdraw from the project at a certain time. This method is mostly adopted by foreign funds. The disadvantage is that the operation cycle is long, and it is necessary to change the shareholder structure and even the nature of the company. There are many foreign funds, so if you invest in this way, the nature of domestic companies will be changed to Sino-foreign joint ventures.
The second financing method is bank acceptance bill. The investor will transfer a certain amount, such as 1 billion yuan, to the company account of the project party, and then immediately ask the bank to open a bank acceptance bill of 1 billion yuan. Investors take away bank acceptance bills. This financing method is of great benefit to investors, because it actually turns 1 100 million yuan into several uses. He can take this 100 million yuan bank acceptance bill to other banks and post another 100 million yuan. At least 20% off. But the question is, can the bank draw an acceptance bill of 1 100 million yuan with the 1 100 million yuan in the company account? Probably only 80% to 90% banks will accept it. Even if 100% is accepted by the bank, it is still a question how much money the bank allows you to use in the company account. It depends on the level of the company and its relationship with the bank. In addition, the biggest drawback of acceptance is that according to national regulations, bank acceptance can only be opened for 12 months at most. Now most places can only be opened for half a year. That is, the fee must be renewed every 6 months or 1 year. It's troublesome to use money for a long time.
The third financing method is direct deposit. This is the most difficult financing method. Because direct deposit is against bank regulations, the relationship between enterprises and banks must be particularly good. The investor shall open an account in the bank designated by the project party and deposit the specified amount into his own account. Then sign an agreement with the bank. Promise not to misappropriate the money within the specified time. According to this amount, the bank gives the project party a loan less than or equal to the same amount. Note: We promise not to pledge the bank here. I don't agree to mortgage the money.
The fourth type is large pledged deposits. It is another financing method called large pledged deposit that agrees to pledge. Of course, that kind of financing also has its own violations of bank regulations. That is, the bank needs to sign a letter of commitment to ensure that the payment is completed 30 days before the maturity. In fact, after he gets this thing, he can take it to other banks for refinancing.
The fifth financing method is bank letter of credit. The state has a policy that a bank letter of credit issued by a global commercial bank (such as Citigroup) that agrees to finance an enterprise is regarded as having the same amount of deposit in the enterprise account. In the past, many enterprises used this kind of bank letter of credit to circle money. So now that the national policy has changed slightly, it is difficult for domestic enterprises to raise funds in this way. Only wholly foreign-owned enterprises and Sino-foreign joint ventures are allowed. Therefore, if domestic enterprises want to raise funds in this way, they must first change the nature of the enterprise.
The sixth financing method is entrusted loan. The so-called entrusted loan means that the investor sets up a special fund account for the project party in the bank, then transfers the money into the special fund account and entrusts the bank to lend money to the project party. This is a relatively easy way of financing. Usually, the audit of the project is not very strict, and the bank is required to make a commitment to collect interest and repay the principal from the project party every year. Of course, those who don't repay the principal only need to promise to collect interest every year.
The seventh financing method is direct payment. Direct payment means direct investment. Such strictly examined projects often require fixed assets mortgage or bank guarantee. Interest is also relatively high. Mostly short-term. The lowest personal contact is the annual interest rate 18, which is generally above 20.
The eighth financing method is hedge fund. At present, there is a kind of entrusted loan in the market that does not repay the principal and interest, and it is a typical hedge fund.
* * * Can we broaden the financing channels? High school politics. Thank you for your answers. Yes, in order to promote local economic development, we can take necessary measures to raise funds, such as issuing government bonds and local bonds as mentioned in the book.