Balance of payments deficit, also known as balance of payments deficit, means that a country's expenditure on balance of payments is greater than its income.

Balance of payments includes current account (including trade in goods and services, income items and current transfer), capital and financial account (including capital items, financial items and other investments), reserve assets and net errors and omissions. The total balance of payments of each item is the balance of payments, which is often reflected as surplus or deficit. In principle, the balance of payments should be balanced, that is, there is no deficit or surplus.