1. The concept of the Yangtze River Delta

The Yangtze River Delta can be understood from different perspectives such as geographical concepts, industrial economic concepts and pan-Yangtze River Delta concepts. However, currently it is usually understood from the perspective of industrial economics. From a perspective, the Yangtze River Delta refers to a composite area composed of 15 prefecture-level and above cities in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Shanghai provinces, including Shanghai; Nanjing, Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou, Zhenjiang, and Yangzhou in Jiangsu Province , Nantong, Taizhou and 15 cities in Zhejiang Province including Hangzhou, Ningbo, Jiaxing, Huzhou, Shaoxing and Zhoushan. This article is based on this analysis.

Up to now, the process of regional economic integration in the Yangtze River Delta has roughly gone through four stages, namely: a stage characterized by spontaneous promotion by the private sector, a stage dominated by joint promotion by enterprises, and a stage promoted by the market and the government. A stage dominated by models and a stage dominated by market-driven models.

Judging from the development process of regional economic integration in the Yangtze River Delta, the content of its cooperation has shown an increasing trend, currently manifested in the "five modernizations", namely transportation integration, talent integration, and market integration. ization, industrial integration, and policy integration.

Transportation integration refers to the Yangtze River Delta government’s joint plan to include all 15 central cities, 55 medium-sized cities, and 1,446 small towns in the Yangtze River Delta into the “3-hour metropolitan area” in the next five years. ". Establish a large city public transport skeleton system based on buses, subways, and light rails as soon as possible to reduce the demand for cars and form a high-efficiency, high-intensity, high-density, and clean urban space. Build the Hutong (Shanghai-Nantong) major channel and the Hangzhou Bay major channel as soon as possible to open a fast channel from Shanghai to Ningbo.

Talent integration is mainly reflected in the breakthrough of human resources integration. Fifteen cities in the Yangtze River Delta jointly signed the "United Declaration on Establishing Integrated Talent Development in the Yangtze River Delta", and cities such as Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou and other cities signed the "Agreement on Establishing Cooperation in Training for Urgently Needed Talents in the Yangtze River Delta." The human resources departments of 15 cities also cooperate at six institutional levels, including professional and technical positions, off-site talent services, postdoctoral work cooperation, high-level talent sharing, continuing education resource sharing for professional and technical personnel, and civil servant exchanges. .

Market integration is the basic symbol of regional economic integration. It includes commodity market integration, factor market integration, property rights market integration, credit market integration, etc. At present, the Yangtze River Delta has established a number of financial, technology, commodity and other factor markets that are integrated into the unified domestic market, forming a number of commodity markets with an annual turnover of more than 10 billion yuan. According to statistics, there are six in the Yangtze River Delta among the top ten markets for production materials in the country, including East China Stainless Steel Central Wholesale Market, Shanghai Baoshan Steel Trading Market, Ningbo Development Zone Comprehensive Market for Production Materials, Shaoxing China Textile City Raw Material Market, etc.

Policy integration includes the integration of household registration system, employment system, housing system, education system, medical system, social security system and other aspects.

Industrial integration is mainly reflected in the industrial division of labor in the Yangtze River Delta according to "one development pole (Shanghai), two support points (Nanjing, Hangzhou), and five development axes (Shanghai-Nanjing, Shanghai-Hangzhou, Hangzhou-Ningbo) , Ningtong, Ninghang)" the basic pattern unfolds. Each city should find its own position in the regional leading and pillar industries and give full play to its own advantages according to local conditions. Each city in the Yangtze River Delta has established a number of its own advantageous industries and characteristics, such as Shanghai's high-level service industry represented by finance, securities, and information; emerging industries represented by information, automobiles, electronics, and bioengineering; Nanjing's petrochemical industry , electronics industry, Hangzhou's textile and tourism industry, Ningbo's petrochemical industry, and Zhoushan's seawater fishing and aquaculture all have considerable scale.

2. Development model of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration

1. Southern Jiangsu model

Since the 1980s, China’s township and village enterprises have had the so-called Sunan model. The Southern Jiangsu model is China's suburban economy radiated and driven by large and medium-sized cities. Through the integration of urban and rural areas, "industry is used to supplement agriculture and industry is used to promote agriculture", which enables the coordinated and stable development of agriculture, industry and commerce, and then drives the level of industrialization and population urbanization. Typical way to improve. It reflects the development trajectory of China's township collective economy and township industry that began to form in the 1970s. After the reform and opening up, in the process of gradually implementing a market economy, they continued to grow and develop, and eventually became the main body of industrialization and local economics in a region.

At the beginning of the new century, the Southern Jiangsu model entered the stage of innovation and improvement. If it is to be different from the original Southern Jiangsu model, it can be called the new Southern Jiangsu model. The new Southern Jiangsu development model is a new regional economic and social development model formed through innovative evolution on the basis of the original Southern Jiangsu model in the context of economic internationalization. Its basic connotation is "three to three persistence", that is, to achieve "Two pioneers" (taking the lead in building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way and taking the lead in basically realizing modernization) are the goals, taking the park economy as the carrier and building a modern international manufacturing base as the engine, adhering to reform and innovation, and adhering to rapid development, scientific development, and coordinated development. Adhere to the interactive advancement of industrialization, urbanization, informatization and internationalization. Specifically, the new southern Jiangsu model presents many new features.

Export-oriented economy. Promoting internal and external interaction with foreign countries is a major feature of Southern Jiangsu's gradual realization of economic internationalization in the process of opening up to the outside world.

Southern Jiangsu is a region with a relatively strong economic foundation, but the contradictions of more people, less land and lack of resources are very prominent. Therefore, in the more than 20 years since the reform and opening up, Southern Jiangsu has been making a fuss about the word "foreign", insisting on "two ends outside" and "three foreign countries (foreign economy, foreign trade, foreign investment) together", making full use of external resources and external markets , implement the external driving strategy. Statistics show that southern Jiangsu's foreign trade dependence is 10 percentage points higher than the national average. The dependence on foreign investment is more than 2 times higher than the national average.

Park economy. Southern Jiangsu regards the construction and management of development parks as the top priority of its economic work. At present, 10 national-level development zones and 38 provincial-level development zones have been established in southern Jiangsu, such as 4 national-level economic development zones and 9 provincial-level development zones in Suzhou. The construction basically started in the early 1990s. In terms of infrastructure, Huge amounts of money were invested in it. After 7-9 years of large-scale construction, these parks have now entered the output stage. The park is not only a foreign investment highland for the development of southern Jiangsu; the park is also an industrial highland for the development of southern Jiangsu; the park is also the core area of ??the modern international manufacturing base.

Mixed economy. The essence of the restructuring of township enterprises in southern Jiangsu means that the collective economy in the traditional sense tends to die out, and is replaced by the private economy and the mixed economy. The development of the private economy in southern Jiangsu generally comes from two sources. One is that after the restructuring of township enterprises, the main investor of enterprises has become private capital; the other is that after the 15th National Congress, encouraged by governments at all levels, private investment enthusiasm has increased. . In addition, because the southern Jiangsu area is located in the heart of China's Yangtze River Delta, close to Pudong, Shanghai, and has a high-quality labor force, many multinational companies have chosen southern Jiangsu as their processing base. Therefore, with the development of Sino-foreign joint ventures and cooperation, the expansion of horizontal enterprise alliances, and the implementation of joint-stock systems and joint-stock cooperative systems, the relationship between Chinese capital and foreign capital, between cities and rural areas, between regions and regions, between enterprises and individuals, and between enterprises Various forms of mixed economy have formed in southern Jiangsu.

Urbanization. The economic development of southern Jiangsu is not only a process of economic township enterpriseization, but also a process of rural urbanization. At present, Southern Jiangsu is embarking on the road of urbanization with large and medium-sized cities as the leading players and small towns as the link. Urbanization in southern Jiangsu is based on industrialization, and industrialization and urbanization in southern Jiangsu go hand in hand. Since the beginning of this century, with the accelerated pace of modernization of central cities, Southern Jiangsu has gradually moved into a new era with large and medium-sized cities as the leading role and small towns as the link through strategic measures such as development zone construction, administrative division adjustment, and metropolitan area planning. A new era of urban modernization and urban-rural integration. This not only helps to simultaneously improve the level of industrialization and urbanization, but also effectively promotes the coordinated development of industry and agriculture, urban and rural areas. Nowadays, the boundaries between urban and rural enterprises in southern Jiangsu have been significantly weakened. Under this situation, township enterprise headquarters and their marketing centers have gradually entered the city, using the urban market center, the urban tertiary industry, and the agglomeration effect of urban manufacturers to reduce transaction costs. The new round of urbanization has further enriched the connotation of the Southern Jiangsu model.

2. Wenzhou Model

The Wenzhou Model refers to the economic and social development model in which Wenzhou people take the lead in using market mechanisms to develop the private economy and realize a prosperous people and a strong city. To summarize the three important experiences of the Wenzhou model: first, develop a market economy, second, develop non-agricultural industries in rural areas, and third, develop non-public enterprises. Mainly reflected in the following characteristics:

Contemporary nature. At present, our country is in the primary stage of socialism. This primary stage is a specific stage that my country must go through in building socialism under the conditions of backward productivity and underdeveloped commodity economy. The Wenzhou model was formed and developed during this stage, and is naturally marked by this era. At the same time, because the Wenzhou model meets the requirements for the development of productivity and commodity economy in the primary stage of socialism in my country, the individual economy and private economy are not only "useful supplements" to the socialist market economy, but also "important components" of the socialist market economy. , it has an objective necessity to exist and develop over a long period of time.

The nature of the people. Wenzhou's economic and social development is developed by the people themselves in the absence of state investment. Therefore, Wenzhou's economy is a "people's economy" and a people-oriented economy that is "privately run, privately owned, privately owned and enjoyed by the people". The fundamental starting point of the socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics is "people-oriented". From this perspective, the market economy is a people-oriented economy. In essence, a people-oriented economy creates wealth and allocates resources according to the people's own will and power. The Wenzhou model is a concentrated expression of the people-oriented economy and a typical representative of the people-oriented economy. The people are the main body of the economy, the main body of property rights, the main body of creating wealth and allocating resources. This is the extremely profound and broad social foundation for the existence and development of the Wenzhou model.

Interregional. As a regional economic development paradigm, the Wenzhou model has interregionalization or interregionality as one of its important features. It not only attaches great importance to the important role of Wenzhou's rapidly growing private savings and private investment in regional capital formation, but also attaches great importance to the important position of cross-regional trade in total trade. Wenzhou is one of the first 14 coastal cities in the country to open to the outside world, one of the first batch of rural reform experimental areas in the country, and the first financial reform pilot and comprehensive reform pilot city in the country. Wenzhou has won 24 "national brand" gold business cards, including "China's Shoe Capital", "China's Electrical Appliances Capital", "China's Automobile and Motorcycle Parts Capital", etc., showing the strong strength of an international light industry city.

"House speculation", "coal speculation", "car speculation", huge private capital is looking for entrepreneurial value-added opportunities everywhere. Nowadays, Wenzhou's market and trade structure is changing, and it is expanding from inter-regional trade to internationalization.

Innovative. The soul of Wenzhou model is innovation. Anyone who has been to Wenzhou will easily find that Wenzhou people are boldly innovating in terms of ideas, operating mechanisms, enterprise systems, government functions, etc. Wenzhou people combine the Party's reform and opening-up policy with local reality, dare to break through all old concepts, old ideas, and old frameworks that restrict the development of productive forces, take the lead in carrying out market reforms, take the lead in developing household industries, individual private economies, and professional markets, and take the lead in promoting financial services. It was the first to operate charter flights, the first to build Sino-foreign joint venture local railways, the first to develop joint-stock cooperative economy, the first to explore various forms and ways of realizing public ownership, the first to cultivate social intermediary organizations, the first to establish local regulations for private enterprises, and now We are working hard to basically realize modernization and strive to become the "leading city" in the southeast coastal urban agglomeration. By 2010, Wenzhou will be built into a modern industrial, commercial, trade, port, and tourism city on the southeast coast of my country. And so on, all reflect the pioneering and innovative spirit of Wenzhou people.

Development. From a historical and developmental perspective, the Wenzhou model does not always stay at the same level, but continues to develop with the development of Wenzhou's economy and society. The Wenzhou model is not static and will always be like this, but a paradigm that keeps pace with the times and continues to develop. For the development of the Wenzhou Model to maintain its lasting inner vitality, it not only depends on the continuous innovation and orderly evolution of the Wenzhou Model itself, but also on the healthy operation and coordinated development of Wenzhou's economy and culture, economy and politics, economy and society. The comprehensive promotion and development of industrialization, urbanization and modernization also depend on the deepening and development of the economic and political reform of the entire country.

3. Pudong Model

In the 1990s, Pudong, driven by the leadership of development zones, formed central urban areas and development zones supported by the urban economy, and small and medium-sized towns supported by the urban economy* The urban system with the same composition is the "central city-development zone-small and medium-sized towns" system. Therefore, we call this way of using development zones to drive urbanization of the entire region the Pudong model.

The development and opening up of Pudong is carried out in a very large international city in my country. It has the characteristics of all-round, multi-field and high starting point. It shoulders the important mission entrusted by the Party Central Committee to promote Shanghai to become one of the international economic, financial, trade, and shipping centers and to drive the economic development of the Yangtze River Basin. This determines that the development strategy of Pudong New Area should focus on shaping the functions of a modern international central city with tertiary industry groups such as finance and commerce as the pillars; it should raise funds in a diversified manner to ensure the needs of rapid social and economic development; it should formulate and Promote a series of policies in line with international practices to enable domestic and foreign investors to quickly adapt to service procedures and facilitate basic predictions of investment returns; it is necessary to properly handle the relationship between the construction of new areas and the renovation of Shanghai's old cities, and integrate the city through east-west linkage and other methods Construction has been pushed to a new level; land planning, development and management must be done well to give full play to the benefits of land development. These five aspects are major strategic issues for the development and opening up of Pudong. In view of this, the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government determined that five strategies should be implemented for the development and opening of Pudong. These are also the characteristics of the Pudong model:

The "three firsts" of finance and trade, infrastructure and high-tech industrialization. When Pudong New Area started, it was finance and trade first, and it was the first to develop service industries such as finance and commerce. In this way, on the one hand, it can create a good financial environment for the development and opening up of Pudong, provide a source of funds for the construction of the new area, and lay the foundation for Shanghai to truly become a financial center in the future. On the other hand, by building its own commercial streets, commercial centers, and central business districts, and carrying out export trade, Shanghai has become a large trading market for products from all provinces and cities across the country and one of the cargo distribution centers in the Asia-Pacific region. Secondly, urbanization is also an infrastructure development process. For Shanghai at that time, the fundamental reason why Pudong New Area was an area to be developed was that cross-river transportation was inconvenient. Therefore, in developing and opening up Pudong, the most important thing is infrastructure, focusing on cross-river transportation, communications, energy and other projects to connect Pudong and Puxi. In this way, the economic energy of Puxi will naturally spread along the trend, forming a huge force to develop Pudong. The momentum of a prairie fire has turned Pudong into a modern, multi-functional new urban area with reasonable urban layout, complete transportation network, convenient communication system and good ecological environment. Finally, urbanization is a development process of optimization and upgrading of industrial structure. By attracting high-tech domestic and foreign investment projects and transplanting the world's advanced technologies, Pudong has become an important base for scientific and technological innovation and high-tech industries in Shanghai and even the country, achieving a development leap beyond general industrialization and directly into post-industrialization.

Diversified fund raising. To build Pudong New Area into a modern international new urban area, a large amount of capital investment is required. It was estimated at that time that in the first five years of Pudong's development and opening up, investment in infrastructure, infrastructure projects, industry, commerce, technology, culture and other aspects would require nearly 10 billion US dollars. Raising funds through diversified and multiple channels mainly includes seven aspects: central policy funds, new district fiscal revenue and land leasing revenue, inline investment, issuance of securities, foreign investment, foreign loans, financing from domestic financial institutions, etc.

Take policy as the first driving force.

With the support of the central government, Pudong New Area not only had all the preferential policies of major economic and technological development zones and special economic zones across the country, but also implemented a series of new opening-up policies unique to Pudong in the tertiary industry. For example, foreign companies are allowed to open department stores, supermarkets and other tertiary industries in Pudong New Area; foreign capital is allowed to open banks, finance companies, insurance companies and other financial institutions throughout Shanghai; Shanghai is allowed to establish stock exchanges to open up its own businesses for the development of Pudong. Approval of the issuance of RMB stocks and Class B stocks; allowing the establishment of China's most open bonded zone, a free trade zone, in Waigaoqiao. It is with the support of these policies of the central government that Pudong New Area took the lead in conducting RMB business for foreign-funded banks, establishing pilot projects for Sino-foreign joint venture insurance companies, foreign trade companies and retail commercial enterprises, and expanded opening up to finance, trade, telecommunications, conventions and exhibitions, etc. Tourism and service trade fields such as lawyers, accounting, consulting, education, and medical care.

East-West linkage and urban-rural integration. The development of Pudong should be based on Puxi, so that Puxi's strong economic foundation and rich human resources can provide a strong material foundation for the development of Pudong. At the same time, the development of Pudong has promoted the transformation and development of Puxi, providing broad development space and historical development opportunities for Shanghai to become one of the international economic, financial, trade, and shipping centers. Through the coordinated development and complementary functions of Pudong and Puxi, the integration of management system, urban planning, municipal construction, industrial development, and urban and rural development has been achieved, which has promoted tremendous changes in the urban appearance of Shanghai. At that time, the municipal government specifically identified Pudong’s future urbanized areas and integrated them into Shanghai’s urban planning layout. The 2 square kilometers of the central area of ??Lujiazui in Pudong, together with the 4 square kilometers of the Bund and Nanjing Road in Puxi, together constitute the central business district of Shanghai; the 28 square kilometers of the Lujiazui Financial and Trade Zone in Pudong, together with the 30 square kilometers of Puxi, constitute the city of Shanghai. The central business district of Shanghai; 80 square kilometers of Puxi and 40 square kilometers of Pudong within the inner ring line constitute the central area of ??Shanghai; along both sides of the Pujiang River, 400 square kilometers of Puxi and 200 square kilometers of Pudong within the outer ring line*** Together they form the main urban area of ??Shanghai.

Comprehensive management of land resources. Land resources are the basic resources for the development and opening up of Pudong. In order to make scientific and rational use of limited land resources, Pudong has attached great importance to the management of land capital since the beginning of its development and opening up. From land pre-acquisition to leasing and transfer in the primary market, from land use rights transfer in the secondary market to real estate transactions, a set of standardized and legalized management models have been formed. Mainly include: First, implement pre-acquisition of land to control the potential benefits of land (this approach is equivalent to the current land reserve). Without changing the land use rights and nature of use, transferring this part of land from rural collective ownership and management rights to state ownership and management can effectively control the increase in land acquisition costs, reduce development costs, and bring development and construction to a new level. Part of the land value-added benefits will remain in the hands of the state. Second, the state invests in large-scale development and controls the primary land market. The municipal government and the Pudong New Area Management Committee invest in the development and construction of large tracts of land, invest financial funds in state-owned development companies, and lease and lease large tracts of land to these development companies. These development companies will form joint ventures or joint-stock enterprises to carry out " "Seven connections and one leveling" construction and then transfer. The third is to allocate land according to planned projects and regulate the secondary land market. It is clearly stipulated that all domestic and foreign investment projects must comply with the overall plan of Pudong New Area. If there is no project or the project does not comply with the plan, the land will not be approved. If the land is taken but the project is delayed and funds are not provided for a long time, the land will be taken back. The fourth is to implement a land premium policy to prevent the loss of national land resources. The fifth is to strengthen macro-regulation of the real estate market.

3. Goals and coordination mechanisms for cooperation and development of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration

1. Guiding ideas for cooperation and development of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration

Integrated with the world economy Development trends, domestic economic development pattern, and the development status and conditions of the Yangtze River Delta in my country and East Asia. The strategic positioning of the Yangtze River Delta should be: an important economic, financial, and trade area in China and the world (East Asia Economic Zone), and China's knowledge industry. R&D center and high-tech industrial base. Its industrial structure generally presents a "second, third, first" pattern. The second industry is dominated by technology and knowledge-intensive industries, the tertiary industry is dominated by trade, finance, consulting, information services, tourism and hotel industries, and the primary industry is dominated by trade, finance, consulting, information services, tourism and hotel industries. Characterized by high-quality, efficient modern agriculture.

Based on the requirements of this strategic positioning, the basic guiding ideology of regional cooperation and development in the Yangtze River Delta region should reflect the characteristics of "high starting point, high level, multi-faceted, new model".

High starting point - the direction of a new round of regional cooperation and development in the Yangtze River Delta is not only to face the domestic market with overall advantages and to have a more prominent position in the domestic economy, but also to participate in the international economic cycle , facing the international market competition. Facing the trend of economic and technological globalization, regional cooperation in the Yangtze River Delta must take a more positive attitude toward the world and form an all-round, multi-level, and wide-ranging opening-up pattern. In the development process of China's regional division of labor system, the Yangtze River Delta has become a connection and integration area for domestic and foreign economic cycles, giving full play to the polarization and diffusion effects.

High level - The focus of a new round of regional cooperation and development in the Yangtze River Delta should be to enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of the regional economy.

The key is to enhance the ability to produce, distribute and use knowledge, improve the level of science and technology, be the first in the country to become a center for innovation and innovative applications, and be the first to establish a science and technology-led economy. Therefore, the focus of regional cooperation should be on promoting human resource development and future technology utilization at a high level, accelerating the development of education and science and technology through cooperation, and improving research and development capabilities, thereby driving the overall technological level of the region.

Multi-faceted - The scope of the new round of regional cooperation and development in the Yangtze River Delta should be multi-faceted and comprehensive cooperation based on expanding the areas and degrees of openness between regions. Even if each member economy can maximize the benefits of developing economic cooperation within the region, there is ample room for developing economic ties with outside the region. Therefore, in addition to the cooperation in infrastructure construction that has already been carried out, it is necessary to further carry out comprehensive industrial cooperation with regional leading industries and pillar industries as the core, as well as tentative cooperation in telecommunications, consulting and service industries.

The new model - a new round of regional cooperation and development in the Yangtze River Delta should be based on the formation of a coordination mechanism for interest interaction and create a more standardized and closer long-term cooperation situation. According to the characteristics of high-density urban agglomeration in the Yangtze River Delta region, a new model of regional economic development for urban agglomerations with a specific internal structural system, an open system and a huge system structure is constructed.

2. Strategic goals for cooperation and development of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration

According to the requirements of “high starting point, high level, multi-faceted, new model” for regional cooperation and development in the Yangtze River Delta region, The strategic goals it wants to achieve are:

Further establish the Yangtze River Delta’s economic dominance in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and even the country, and strive to make the region an important growth pole for my country’s regional economic development and the Asia-Pacific region’s economy in the next 10 years. One of the developed regions;

It has further developed into an export-oriented economic demonstration zone with strong international competitiveness. Through extensive participation in international division of labor and competition, it has become the connection point between domestic and foreign markets and the hub of domestic and international economic cycles. A strategic fulcrum to drive the development of the country's export-oriented economy;

Focus on the development of high-tech industries and become a base for new technologies to transform traditional pillar industries, and become an important industrial transformation and innovation base in my country, in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and Serve as an industrial demonstration role nationwide;

Nurture and improve Shanghai's comprehensive urban functions, enhance its agglomeration and radiation capabilities, further consolidate Shanghai's "leading" role in the Yangtze River Delta and the Yangtze River Economic Zone, and better serve the country .

To this end, it is necessary to give full play to the comparative advantages of the Yangtze River Delta, accelerate the coordinated development of economy, society and environment, and by 2010, it will become the most economically powerful and market-oriented semi-compact regional economy. By 2020, a Yangtze River Delta economic consortium will be basically built with the economic strength reaching the level of moderately developed countries, a high-level industrial structure in the region, an export-oriented regional economy, and an economic operation mechanism that is in line with the international market.

3. Basic principles for cooperation and development of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration

In order to carry out regional cooperation and development in the Yangtze River Delta region within a high starting point, high level, multi-faceted and new model framework To develop and achieve its overall goal, in addition to adopting corresponding policy measures, we must first establish a number of basic principles:

Mutual benefit and common prosperity. Regional cooperation and development in the Yangtze River Delta cannot be expected to use an administrative-driven approach to achieve a reasonable regional division of labor. Instead, it must be driven by an economic-driven approach based on interest relationships. There are two specific models: First, the market Clusters-commercial towns-town networks-regional economic networks-regional economic linkage development; second, enterprise clusters-enterprise cities-town networks-regional economic networks-regional economies linkage development. In this process, we cannot rely on harming the interests of one region to increase the interests of another region. Instead, we must fully respect the different interests of various regions and enable all regions to benefit from regional cooperation through the mechanism of interest coordination and benefit sharing. , achieving a "win-win" situation.

Leverage strengths and avoid weaknesses, and complement each other’s strengths. The purpose of regional cooperation is to obtain the benefits of division of labor and collaboration and maximize overall benefits. Therefore, the economic development of each region should be based on market selection, maximize its strengths, avoid its weaknesses, and cooperate based on the principle of comparative benefit. Implement complementarity through the flow of factors within the region, make full use of favorable natural resources, economic conditions and social conditions in various places, eliminate unnecessary duplication of construction, and save the consumption of people, money and materials as much as possible, so that there is no absolute advantage or absolute advantage in industry Few regions can also obtain relatively sufficient development opportunities, allowing regions with absolute advantages in many industries to concentrate on one or a few industries with higher absolute benefits, maximizing regional economic development.

Market-led and government-driven. Regional cooperation in the Yangtze River Delta should use the market mechanism as the basic coordinating force, expand the regional cooperation order and deepen the regional division of labor system by strengthening the resource allocation function of the market. At the same time, the central government and local governments should take active measures to guide and promote regional cooperation, eliminate various administrative guarantees in regional cooperation and obstacles that the market itself cannot overcome, so as to ensure the orderliness of regional cooperation.

Multilateral coordination and mutual linkage.

Regional cooperation in the Yangtze River Delta is an overall cooperation between two provinces and one city. It cannot coordinate bilateral relations. Instead, it must form a multilateral coordination relationship from the perspective of regional cooperation, form integrated actions within the region, and achieve linkage effects between regions.

4. Coordination mechanism for cooperation and development in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration

Under the guidance of the above principles, there are roughly two types of design coordination mechanisms to choose from: One is the institutionalized coordination mechanism; the other is the non-institutionalized coordination mechanism. The operation methods and content of these two coordination mechanisms are different, and their effectiveness is also different.

4. Comparison of regional cooperation and coordination mechanisms

Institutionalized

Non-institutionalized

The conclusion of a treaty or agreement is legally mandatory< /p>

Commitments made by leaders lack legal effect

Carry out collective bargaining

Take the form of collective consultation

Form a tight organization

Loose organizational form

Generally speaking, institutionalized coordination mechanisms are more conducive to promoting close regional cooperation and development, but this requires corresponding conditions, such as central and local relations, administrative Institutional framework, external competitive environment, internal economic connections, etc. Judging from the current actual situation in our country, an institutionalized coordination mechanism is not yet available, and it is appropriate to continuously expand the scope of regional cooperation through an "advocacy-style" mechanism. In principle, the policy of "autonomous participation, collective consultation, and mutual commitment" should be adopted, and its approach should be to handle various affairs with mutual respect, equal consultation, resources and a gradual approach, and adopt consensus and non-conformity. Binding mode of operation. The specific ideas are:

Use setting regional development goals as a driving force. That is, establish a clear goal and content to achieve this goal; formulate an action agenda to achieve this goal; implement the agenda through unilateral actions and collective behavior. In this way, the goal itself becomes a driving force for the continuous development of regional cooperation in the Yangtze River Delta.

There is an institutionalized discussion and decision-making mechanism. High-level market meetings are held regularly to provide the necessary regular mechanism for local governments to negotiate and form consensus on regional economic development issues. It has flexibility (including in agenda arrangements and commitments), but there is "invisible pressure" that must be completed. Since the establishment of the 16-city Economic Coordination Council of the Yangtze River Delta, important progress has been made in commerce, trade, tourism and other aspects. In the future, " As an institutionalized deliberative body, the "Coordination Committee" must continue to play its role and further promote the development of cooperation between cities, villages, and urban and rural areas in the Yangtze River Delta to a high-level, wide-ranging, and intensive direction.

Establish a set of functional institutions. In addition to the secretariat responsible for daily liaison and organization, various professional committees and working groups should also be established to have certain management, coordination, research analysis and organizational functions. It is increasingly of a permanent nature. For example, professional or comprehensive functional management mechanisms such as the Yangtze River Delta Regional Planning Committee, the Shanghai International Shipping Center Management Committee, and the Taihu Basin Environmental Protection and Governance Committee can be established.

The investment management mechanism and the regional joint development fund system should be established according to the model of the regional development bank to participate in the "patch development" financing of national investment projects. It can also follow the rules of commercial banks and undergo strict loan review. General commercial loans or short-term financing should be implemented for development projects in the Yangtze River Delta region. On this basis, a regional joint development fund should be established to enable the coordinating agency to have considerable economic regulation and investment management capabilities to promote regional cooperation and development. .

Encourage the establishment of various semi-official and non-governmental cross-regional cooperation organizations, such as the Yangtze River Delta City Joint Chamber of Commerce and Industry Association, large enterprise federations and enterprise associations, and property rights transactions under the guidance of the government. Joint Center and Securities Trading Center, as well as the Yangtze River Basin Development Research Institute and the Yangtze River Delta Development Research Center, etc.

As an institutional innovation for regional cooperation, the operation of the "advocacy-style" coordination mechanism depends to a large extent. The behavior of local governments. In order to form this kind of coordination mechanism, the most important thing is to have specific practical things to start gradually, first easy and then difficult, and find a way over time, and then gradually improve it as the central government and the government work together. With the adjustment of local relations, the reform of the administrative system, the gradual weakening of government output performance assessment, and the gradual replacement of the administrative division function by the economic division function, this coordination mechanism can be further transformed into an institutionalized formal approach.