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Introduction of annual interest rate:
The annual interest rate refers to the deposit interest rate for one year. The so-called interest rate is the abbreviation of "interest rate", which refers to the ratio of interest amount to deposit principal or loan principal in a certain period of time. Usually divided into annual interest rate, monthly interest rate and daily interest rate. The annual interest rate is expressed as a percentage of the principal, the monthly interest rate as a percentage, and the daily interest rate as a percentage.
When the economic development is in the growth stage, the investment opportunities of banks increase, the demand in loanable funds increases and the interest rate rises; On the other hand, when the economic development is depressed and the society is in a depression period, the willingness of banks to invest decreases, the demand for loanable funds naturally decreases, and the market interest rate is generally low.
Chinese name annual interest rate mbth annual interest rate expression interest rate = interest ÷ principal ÷ time × 100% applied discipline economic applicable field banking business.
influencing factor
1, central bank policy
Generally speaking, when the central bank expands the money supply, the total supply in loanable funds will increase, the supply exceeds demand, and the natural interest rate will decrease accordingly; On the contrary, the central bank implements a tight monetary policy, reducing the money supply, so that loanable funds's demand exceeds supply, and interest rates will rise accordingly.
2. Price level
Market interest rate is the sum of real interest rate and inflation rate. When the price level rises, the market interest rate also rises accordingly, otherwise the real interest rate may be negative. At the same time, due to rising prices, the public's willingness to deposit will decrease, while the loan demand of industrial and commercial enterprises will increase. The imbalance between deposit and loan caused by loan demand exceeding loan supply will inevitably lead to an increase in interest rates.
3. Stock and bond markets
If the securities market is on the rise, the market interest rate will rise; On the contrary, interest rates are relatively low.
4. International economic situation
Changes in a country's economic parameters, especially changes in exchange rates and interest rates, will also affect interest rate fluctuations in other countries. Naturally, the rise and fall of the international securities market will also bring risks to the interest rates faced by international banking business.
Regulatory policy
The People's Bank of China has strengthened the use of interest rate instruments. Interest rate adjustment is frequent year by year, the interest rate regulation mode is more flexible, and the regulation mechanism is becoming more and more perfect. With the gradual advancement of interest rate marketization reform, interest rate policy, as one of the main means of monetary policy, will gradually change from direct regulation to indirect regulation. As an important economic lever, interest rate will play a more important role in the national macro-control system.
Since the reform and opening up, the People's Bank of China has strengthened the use of interest rate instruments, and gradually made interest rates an important lever by adjusting the level and structure of interest rates and reforming the interest rate management system. In May and July of 1993, the People's Bank of China raised the deposit and loan interest rates twice, and in May and July of 1995, it raised the loan interest rates twice. These adjustments have effectively controlled inflation and the scale of fixed assets investment. In May and August, 1996, 1997 10, and March 1998, in view of the remarkable macro-control effect and the obvious drop in market prices, the central bank lowered the deposit and loan interest rates four times in a timely manner, reducing the interest burden of enterprises, especially large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises, on the basis of protecting the interests of depositors.