The exchange rates of copper and silver are floating. There was a trade surplus in the early Qing dynasty, and a large amount of silver flowed in. 1 two silver was exchanged for 700 to 1000 copper coins; In the late Qing Dynasty, due to war reparations and other reasons, the price of silver rose, and 1 silver could be exchanged for 5,000 to 7,000 copper coins.

Historically, in the early Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang stipulated that one or two gold = four or two silver. However, during the five hundred years of Ming and Qing dynasties, the price of gold and silver in the market was basically one or two gold = 10 ounce of silver. It was not until the 1970s that the price of silver fell sharply, and the price of gold and silver soared from 1: 15 in 65438.

1670 or so, one or two ounces of silver can buy 200 kilograms of rice, and then the price will gradually increase. About 1740, one or two pieces of silver can buy 120 Jin of rice, about 1820 years, one or two pieces of silver can buy 50 Jin of rice, about 19 10 years, and one or two pieces of silver can buy 30 Jin of rice. 1670, 1740, 1820 and19 are equivalent to RMB 320, 190, 80 and 50 yuan today, respectively.