Throughout the historical development of China, we can see that, unlike the general process of social development, China did not enter the capitalist society after the feudal society, but entered the socialist society by leaps and bounds after humiliation and catching up. Faced with this special case of historical development, some people think that the leap of socialism in the historical development of China is a "premature baby". How should we know this? Is it a misunderstanding of history or a historical necessity?
We know that the modern century in China is a century of humiliation, a century of heroic struggle by the people of China, and a century in which people with lofty ideals in China seek the way to save the country and the people.
Since the Opium War 1840, China has gradually become a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. Since the signing of the treaty of nanking between China and Britain, the old China government has signed 65,438+065,438+082 unequal treaties and agreements with foreign invaders. Among them, 633 were signed with the corrupt Qing government, namely: Britain 120, Russia 92, Japan 75, France 59, Germany 43, USA 23, Denmark 22, Belgium 15, Portugal10/,Italy 7 and Spain 4. Another 55 were signed with more than two countries. If the national humiliation memorial day is stipulated according to the number of unequal treaties signed, then it will be spread to three on average every day. 1 182 The unequal treaty is a bloody record of imperialist aggression against China, and a historical witness of the Qing government's reactionary government's traitorous surrender. It was the invasion of foreign imperialism and the oppression of domestic feudalism that put the people of China in dire straits.
The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement led by Hong Xiuquan sought strength, but failed because the peasant class did not represent the advanced productive forces. The bourgeois reformists hoped that China would seek prosperity through the capitalist road and initiated the Reform Movement of 1898, but they failed because they did not fully mobilize the masses. The Revolution of 1911, initiated by the bourgeois revolutionaries, suffered the same fate of failure due to the coercion of Chinese and foreign reactionary forces.
Modern attempts to save the country and the people have failed.
"The imperialist aggression broke China's dream of learning from the West. It's strange, why does Miss Wang always invade students? China people have learned a lot from the West, but it won't work, and their ideals will never be realized. " (Mao Zedong's On the People's Democratic Dictatorship) Practice has proved that the West has not led us to the dawn of victory. The purpose of the imperialist powers' invasion of China is by no means to turn feudal China into capitalist China, but to turn China into their colony. The reactionary feudal regime became the agent tool of imperialism, and the national bourgeoisie struggled to survive and develop slowly in the gap between the former two, and even its strength was weak and it was unable to complete the revolutionary task.
"A cannon shot of the October Revolution brought us Marxism–Leninism." "At this time, and only at this time, a new period appeared in China people from thought to life. The people of China have found the universal truth of Marxism–Leninism, and the face of China has changed. " (Mao Zedong's On the People's Democratic Dictatorship) The birth of the * * * production party in China is an epoch-making event. It changed the face of China's revolution. It was the great Chinese Production Party that combined Marxism–Leninism with the concrete reality of the China Revolution and formed Mao Zedong Thought. After 28 years of hard struggle, New China was founded, realizing our nation's century-old dream of saving the nation.
After nearly a hundred years of hard work, the conclusion is: if China wants to revitalize, the capitalist road will not work, and China's future can only be socialism.
Lenin said: "The general law of world historical development not only does not exclude the particularity of individual development stages in the form or order of development, but also is based on it." What kind of social road a country or a nation chooses to take is inseparable from the basic national conditions at that time. In the modern century, China didn't take the capitalist road, but it didn't work.
It is a historical necessity for the people of China to accept the leadership of the Production Party of China, and it is also a historical necessity for China to embark on the socialist revolution from the new-democratic revolution. Socialism is the historical choice of China people. The history of China proves that only socialism can save China.
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The industrial base in old China was very weak, not to mention large industries. People in their fifties will remember that many of our daily necessities are named after the word "foreign", such as matches called matches, nails called nails, and kerosene called foreign oil, all of which are imported. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), under the leadership of Chairman Mao and the * * * Party, the people of China tightened their belts.
Thrift, self-reliance, hard work, completed the hardest primitive accumulation, laid the foundation for socialist economic construction, and turned China from a completely agricultural country into an industry-oriented country.
After completing the socialist transformation of capitalist industry and commerce and collectivized agriculture, China has made great achievements in all socialist undertakings that have attracted worldwide attention. Industrially, a number of large-scale industrial enterprises with advanced technology have been built, such as Daqing Oilfield, Shengli Oilfield, 13 sets of large-scale fertilizer production facilities, Panzhihua Iron and Steel Company, Guixian Aluminum Company, WISCO 1.7 meter rolling mill project, Hubei No.2 Automobile Company in automobile industry, Sichuan Deyang No.2 Heavy Machinery Factory, Liupanshui in Guizhou Province and Baodingshan in Sichuan Province in coal industry, Liujiaxia Hydropower Station and Danjiangkou Hydropower Station in electric power industry and a large number of thermal power stations. In terms of science and technology, the atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb exploded successfully, artificial earth satellites were launched, artificial insulin was synthesized, and the strength of national defense science and technology was significantly enhanced. By 1976, China's steel output increased from 6.5438+0.4 million tons in 1952 to 3.65438+0.8 million tons, coal output increased from 66 million tons to 6.65438+0.7 million tons, cement output increased from 3 million tons to 65 million tons, and timber output increased from 3 million tons. Electricity has increased from 7 billion kilowatts per hour to 256 billion kilowatts per hour, crude oil output has changed from a fundamental blank to10.04 billion tons, and fertilizer output has increased from 39,000 tons to 8.693 million tons. The average annual growth rate of industry is 1 1.2%, which is much higher than the top level of 7% in the most intense period of modern industrial upstarts in Germany, Japan and Russia. In terms of infrastructure construction, * * * has built more than 10,000 kilometers of roads 1 10,000 kilometers of railways (only railways110,000 kilometers were built in 22 years of reform and opening up), most of which crossed the mountains and Gobi desert, ending the history that there were no railways in the three southwestern provinces, Qinghai, Guangxi, Fujian, Xinjiang, Ningxia and Hetao Plain. In terms of water conservancy construction, the regulation of major rivers has been completed, and 70,000 to 80,000 large and small reservoirs have been built. Clear ditches and strong dams have greatly enhanced flood control and drought resistance, ensuring stable and high agricultural production. In addition, breakthroughs have been made in agricultural seed improvement, and hybrid rice has been popularized. China's agriculture grew at an average annual rate of 2.5%, far exceeding the world's best speed 1868- 19 12, which was highly regarded during the Meiji period. Even during the ten-year Cultural Revolution, which was described as "serious retrogression of the national economy" and "on the verge of collapse", the total industrial and agricultural output value increased from 223.5 billion yuan in 1965 to 435.6 billion yuan in 1976, more than doubling. On the basis of 17 years' achievements since the founding of the People's Republic of China, after ten years' efforts, an independent and relatively complete industrial system and national economic system have been basically established. Before the death of President Mao Zedong, China was already a country with neither domestic debt nor foreign debt. If it weren't for the defects of management system and some mistakes in national decision-making, China's economic development would undoubtedly be much faster. In education, in the early days of liberation, illiteracy was rampant in China.