According to the complexity of business and the dependence on outlets, banking business can be divided into two parts: one part is traditional business, including general loans, simple foreign exchange trading and trade financing. , mainly supported by a large number of branch outlets and business volume. In addition, there are complex businesses, such as derivative products, structured financing, leasing, introducing strategic investors, mergers and acquisitions, etc. These are high-tech and high-profit business areas, which are not very dependent on the branch network. According to the composition of its balance sheet, banking business is mainly divided into three categories: liability business, asset business and intermediary business. Debt business is the business of commercial banks to form a source of funds, and it is an important basis for intermediary business and assets of commercial banks. The liability business of commercial banks is mainly composed of deposit business, loan business and interbank business.
Deposit is the most important business in bank debt business and the main source of funds for commercial banks. Deposit absorption is the basis for the survival and development of commercial banks, accounting for more than 70% of total liabilities. The types of deposits in commercial banks can be divided according to different standards: according to the quality of deposits, they can be divided into demand deposits, time deposits, savings deposits and call deposits; It can be divided into short-term, medium-term and long-term deposits according to the length; According to the economic sources of deposits, they can be divided into industrial and commercial, agricultural, financial and interbank deposits. Debt business is the activity of commercial banks to raise funds for their daily work through external liabilities, and it is the basis of asset business and intermediary business of commercial banks. It is mainly composed of self-owned funds, deposits and loans, in which deposits and loans absorb foreign capital, and interbank deposits, loans or bonds are also bank liabilities. Liabilities are debts that can be measured in money and will be repaid with assets or capital. Deposits and derivative deposits are the main liabilities of banks, accounting for more than 80% of the sources of funds. In addition, interbank deposits, borrowing funds or issuing bonds also constitute bank liabilities.