Because of India's large population, the average gross national product is very low. 20 1 1 year, India's average gross domestic product (purchasing power parity) is 3694 US dollars, ranking 129 in the world. The exchange rate of USD 1.389 USD, ranking 140 in the world. 199 1 years ago, influenced by the socialist planned economy, the economic policy adopted trade protectionism, and the Indian government excessively intervened in the labor and financial markets and supervised commercial activities. Due to the Indian economic crisis of 199 1 and the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the New Congress Party government began to implement economic liberalization reform in India, and gradually turned it into a free market through foreign trade and direct investment.
India's economy is dominated by planting, modern agriculture, handicrafts, modern industry and its supporting industries. A quarter of the country's population still has no food and clothes. India has abundant foreign exchange reserves and a stable exchange rate. In the future, the government will completely abolish foreign exchange control, and the market will determine the value of money. India's manufacturing exports have begun to decline, and power supply in many parts of the country is still insufficient. India has a large population proficient in English. At present, it is the world's leading information service manufacturer, computer software exporter and the motherland of many software engineers in the 2/kloc-0 century.
India practices socialism while practicing democracy, and the government strictly controls private economic activities, foreign trade and foreign direct investment. However, in 199 1, the control of foreign trade and foreign investment was relaxed and the domestic market was gradually opened through economic reform. Privatization of state-owned enterprises and the opening up of some fields have imposed restrictions on private and foreign investment, and the relevant political debate continues.
During the British colonial rule, India's industry was dominated by textiles and mining. After independence, iron and steel, machinery, electric power, chemistry and other industries have all developed and formed a complete system. India's textile, food, precision instruments, automobiles, software manufacturing and aerospace industries have developed rapidly.
There are two major Indian automobile companies: Tata Motors and Ma Hengda, among which Tata Motors acquired Jaguar Land Rover in 2008 and Ma Hengda acquired Ssangyong Motor on 20 10.
India is a big agricultural country, and the rural population accounts for 72% of the total population. India is one of the largest grain producers in the world, with 10% of the world's arable land, covering an area of about 65438+600 million hectares. According to the EU report, India has become a net exporter of agricultural products.
Because the climate in India is dominated by tropical monsoon and the southwest monsoon is very unstable, the time distribution of precipitation in India is very unstable, and floods and droughts are frequent, which makes India's grain production very unstable.
India's tourism and service industries are also relatively developed, accounting for a considerable proportion of the national economy. Tourism is a key industry of the Indian government and an important employment sector, providing more than 20 million jobs. The number of inbound tourists is increasing year by year, and the tourism income is increasing. The main tourist spots are Agra, Delhi, Jaipur, Chandigarh, Nalanda, Mysore, Goa, Taj Mahal, Hyderabad, Trang and Trifan. India has chosen its seven historical wonders-Rajasthan style.