When managing and operating foreign exchange reserves, governments in various countries generally follow three principles: safety, liquidity and profitability.
First of all, US Treasury bonds are safe. If you buy Iraqi bonds, they are already waste paper. Secondly, it is easy to realize. If you buy oil, storage is a problem and it is not easy to realize it. Third, the amount of foreign exchange reserves is too large. If you buy debts or other things from other countries, it is estimated that people don't have that much for you to buy.