Participants in the foreign exchange market mainly include central banks, commercial banks, non-bank financial institutions, brokerage companies, self-dealers and large multinational enterprises. They trade frequently and the transaction amount is huge, each transaction is in the millions of dollars, even exceeding10 million dollars. Participants in foreign exchange transactions can be divided into investors and speculators according to their trading purposes.
Foreign exchange transactions can be mainly divided into cash, spot, contract spot, futures, options and forward transactions. Specifically, cash transactions are transactions between tourists and people who need foreign exchange cash for other purposes, including cash and foreign exchange traveler's checks. Spot trading is a transaction between big banks, and it is also a transaction between big banks acting as agents for big customers. After the transaction is concluded, the payment and delivery of funds shall be completed within two working days at the latest; Contract spot trading is a way for investors to sign foreign exchange contracts with financial companies, which is suitable for public investment; Futures trading is conducted at the agreed time and at the established exchange rate, and the amount of each contract is fixed; Option trading is an option to trade in advance whether to buy or sell a certain currency in the future; Forward transactions are delivered on the date agreed in the contract, and the contract can be large or small, and the delivery period is flexible.