The underwriter must bear the loss. Therefore, when issuing stocks, underwriters should have a comprehensive evaluation of the intrinsic value of the company and determine a reasonable price when inquiring. Otherwise, blindly catering to the market and issuing at high bargaining price, once the market falls sharply, the stocks reimbursed by the underwriters will fall below the issue price during the lock-up period, which will inevitably lead to losses. This phenomenon often happens.

Stock price = earnings per share x price-earnings ratio.

Influence of exchange rate change on stock price

The foreign exchange market is closely related to the stock price. Generally speaking, if a country's currency is based on raising interest rates and appreciating, its share price will fall, and once the currency depreciates, its share price will rise. So the foreign exchange market will have a great impact on the stock market.