1. Zhuhai's urban development has gone through three stages.
Since the founding of Zhuhai, the urban development of Zhuhai can be roughly divided into three stages:
The first stage (1979- 1989) is the development and entrepreneurship stage of the special zone: urban development is mainly concentrated in the current central city (Gongbei, Jida, Xiangzhou and Qianshan), and industries are distributed in various groups in the central city, with basic supporting industries and basically perfect functions.
The second stage (1989- 1999) is the first outward expansion stage: based on the central city, urban development began to expand to the north (Tangjiawan), south (Nanwan, Hengqin) and west (Sanzao, Lingang) of the central city, and the development of industries from south to north was the driving force to drive the growth of the city; Guided by infrastructure construction, the western development will be implemented. Due to the macro-control of the national economy, insufficient external demand and funds, the scale of industrialization and urbanization has not reached the expected goal.
The third stage (1999- up to now) is the second expansion stage: the focus of urban development has shifted outside the central city, especially to the western region (Jinwan and Doumen), and the development of the secondary industry has made great progress.
In 2004, the city's urban land area was about 170 square kilometers, and the total population was1573,700. The urbanization level is 95% in Xiangzhou, 60% in Jinwan (including former farm workers and agricultural workers in Pingsha and Hongqi Town) and 37% in Doumen. The development of urbanization in the eastern and western regions is unbalanced, and the industrial growth rate in the western region is obviously higher than that in the eastern region, but the level of urbanization is far lower than that in the eastern region, which obviously lags behind the development of industrialization and even slows down the pace of industrialization.
Second, the urban spatial layout: East and West Twin Cities, Eight Groups and Five New Homes.
According to the overall concept of Zhuhai's urban development, we should take the urbanization road of combining connotation promotion with extension expansion, vigorously improve the quality of the eastern cities, strengthen the Tangjiawan group and the Nanwan group, build a framework for the eastern part of the city to feed back the western part, and gradually realize the dual-city structure.
Judging from the current situation of urban pattern and construction foundation, it is still necessary to rely on the development of various groups in the near future. In the future, urban development should enhance the function of the central area, drive the western region, radiate the eastern islands, form an urban belt with high-end services and high-level living services such as finance, exhibition and circulation in the eastern coastal area, a large-scale heavy chemical industry in the western coastal area driven by Shuang Gang, a general industry in the central inland area and a supporting residential urban belt, and establish a multi-level "Xiangzhou Central Area, Jinwan, Doumen Central Area, Eight Groups and Five New Homes".
(1) Xiangzhou Central District, including existing old and new Xiangzhou, Jida, Gongbei, Qianshan and Nanwan, is the political, economic and cultural center of the city. The population has reached 6,543,800,000, with a land area of 85 square kilometers. The main line of urban construction is to welcome the entry of new functions. Xiangzhou, Jida and Qianshan areas will gradually implement the strategy of "retreating two into three", replace urban functions through industrial structure adjustment and old city transformation, weaken general industries, strengthen urban life services and tourism service facilities, and optimize environmental quality and cultural taste; Nanwan and Gongbei areas mainly have the functions of regional transportation, circulation and service, and directly undertake and be responsible for the effects brought by regional transportation and regional policies. Focus on the development of Tangjiawan urban agglomeration and build Nanwan urban agglomeration based on the mountains and rivers of the past.
(2) The downtown area of Jinwan, including the central town of Hongqi Town and the West Lake area, is the political, economic, cultural and life service center of Jinwan District. With a population of 400,000 and a land area of 50 square kilometers; Doumen Central City, including Jing 'an, Bai Jiao Town Center, Xinqing Industrial Park and Baiteng Lake Resort, is the political, economic, cultural and life service center of Doumen District. It has a population of 300,000 and a land area of 40 square kilometers. Doumen Central City is gradually expanding to the south, and will become the city center of western Zhuhai together with Jinwan Central City in the future.
(3) Tangjiawan Group
Including Tangjiawan Town and Qi 'ao Island, with "culture, education, science and technology and great circulation" as the main functions, it has formed a high-tech industrial base, a higher education base and a regional circulation exhibition base with excellent living environment and information technology as the leading factors. It has a population of 200,000 and a land area of 25 square kilometers.
(4) Hengqin Group
Including Hengqin Development Zone and Hengqin Town, with the main function of "collaborative service and large platform", it has become a window for all parties involved in the Pan-Pearl River Delta Regional Cooperation Zone to communicate, a link to connect interests and a platform to realize * * * services. It has a population of 200,000 and a land area of 30 square kilometers.
(5) Lingang Group
Including Pingsha Town Lingang Industrial Zone, Nanshui Town and Beishui, with the main function of "heavy chemical industry and big port" and relying on Zhuhai Port, we will build a heavy chemical industry base and port transportation hub with regional status, large industrial scale and good economic benefits. The population is 6.5438+0.5 million, and the land area is 60 square kilometers.
(6) Hot spring group
Including Pingsha Hot Springs and its surrounding coastal areas, with the function of "residence, leisure and big tourism", relying on seashore and hot springs, we will build a tourism, leisure and holiday base with regional influence and provide high-end real estate products for the surrounding areas. The population scale is 6.5438+million, and the land use scale is 654.38+ 00 square kilometers.
(7) Thunderspider Group
Located in the north of Everest Avenue, combined with the development of wu shan zhen, with the function of "comprehensive service and big logistics", relying on expressways and railway freight stations, we will build a logistics distribution base to provide living services for the surrounding agricultural areas. The population scale is 6.5438+million, and the land use scale is 654.38+ 00 square kilometers.
(8) Three-stove cluster
With "characteristic manufacturing, big airport" as the main function. It mainly develops airport transportation, aircraft manufacturing and other airport industries, and is one of the regional professional functional areas. It has a population of 300,000 and a land area of 40 square kilometers.
(9) Wanshan Group
It mainly includes Wanshan Town and Dong 'ao Island. In the near future, it will mainly develop tourism and marine fisheries, and will cultivate and develop into a new generation of regional container ocean transportation ports and storage bases in the future.
(10) guishanhe wailing group
Including Guishan Town and Dangan Town, focusing on the development of island tourism, storage and transportation, marine replenishment and other industries.
(1 1) "five new homes"
Five new homes will be built in Pingsha, Doumen, Lianzhou, Hengshan and Liuxiang, and public service facilities will be built according to the standards of urban residential areas, so as to form a complete life service center as a settlement for agricultural population and provide production and living services for surrounding agricultural areas. At the same time, combined with natural boundaries such as rivers, mountains and farmland, combined with the basic farmland layout among urban groups, we should try our best to leave enough ecological green space and maintain a good urban ecological environment.
The industrial orientation of the third and third districts is clear.
Because of the different resource advantages, environmental capacity, urban construction maturity and industrial base in different regions of the city. The planning department of Zhuhai proposed to coordinate the urban industrial layout and urban construction from the strategic height of the whole city according to the different natural resource endowments of all districts in the city. The eastern urban area will continue to exert its environmental effects, enhance the land value and become an excellent city brand. Give full play to the characteristics of large land environmental capacity and perfect regional transportation facilities in the western region, seize the opportunity and rapidly expand the industrial economy.
(A) Xiangzhou District industrial development layout
Make full use of the resource advantages of urban environment and major transportation facilities, fully undertake the service functions of regional central cities, weaken general industries, focus on developing tertiary industries and high-tech industries with finance, commerce, tourism, exhibitions, information, culture, education, circulation services and real estate as the main bodies, and enhance Zhuhai's urban brand.
(1) Build a 4-square-kilometer high-tech scientific research industrial zone on the coast of scientific and technological innovation, focusing on developing the information technology R&D industry and becoming a base for transforming scientific research achievements.
(2) Combining with Jinding Industrial Park, a high-tech manufacturing industrial zone of 5 square kilometers will be built.
(3) Combining with industrial upgrading and integrating the land of Nanping Industrial Park, some of the land can be converted into commercial, circulation and life service functions, and the rest of the projects will be tilted towards high-tech R&D and manufacturing industries.
(4) Take advantage of the entrance and exit of Shangchong City to build a 1 km2 logistics industrial park.
(5) Build 500,000 square meters of Li Xi Industrial Park and develop general industries.
(6) Continue to build Zhuhai Bonded Zone and Zhuhai-Macao Cross-border Industrial Zone, provide good services and improve efficiency.
(7) With the development of Jinding Station, an inter-city railway in the Pearl River Delta, Zhuhai Convention and Exhibition Center with a venue area of over 50,000 square meters will be built, and relevant resources in the city will be integrated to improve the quality of exhibition, information and tourism services.
(8) Cooperate with the land consolidation and development in the reclamation area of Lovers' North Road, and build a larger and more perfect Zhuhai International Convention and Exhibition Center beside Tangjiawan.
(B) Jinwan District industrial development layout
Giving full play to the advantages of Shuang Gang resources in Zhuhai Port and Zhuhai Airport, actively introducing large-scale industries, building large-scale professional industrial zones, and focusing on developing heavy industry, heavy chemical industry and large-scale tourism will play an important role in enhancing Zhuhai's economic strength.
(1) Build a 50-square-kilometer port-facing industrial zone in Gaolan Port Area, focusing on the development of oil and gas storage, container transportation, energy, heavy chemical industry and its processing industries.
(2) Through land integration and function replacement, expand Sanzao Science and Technology Industrial Park, integrate Lingang Industrial Zone, build a 30-square-kilometer Lingang Industrial Zone, and focus on the development of industries such as aircraft manufacturing, electronic products, pharmaceutical sub-packaging and logistics.
(3) Combine the seaside hot spring resources, build a hot spring tourist resort with an area of 10 square kilometer, and focus on developing tourist resorts and high-end real estate.
(4) According to the current land use planning, 90,000 mu of basic farmland protection areas will be implemented in Pingsha and other areas.
(III) Layout of industrial development in Doumen District
Take advantage of the traffic advantages close to railways and expressways, integrate industrial land, expand industrial parks, develop traditional manufacturing, processing, logistics and tourism in pieces, actively develop "three high" agriculture, and ensure the stable economic growth of Zhuhai.
(1) Build a 12 square kilometer Xinqing Industrial Park, focusing on the development of electronics and communication manufacturing.
(2) Build Bai Jiao Industrial Park with an area of 10 square kilometer, focusing on developing pollution-free general manufacturing and deep processing of agricultural products.
(3) Build a 15 square kilometer logistics industrial zone in Wushan area, focusing on the development of warehousing, sub-packaging and transportation services.
(4) According to the current land use planning, Doumen Town, Lianxi Town, Liuxiang and Hezhou North will implement 280,000 mu of basic farmland protection areas.
Four, the urban traffic network "eight vertical and six horizontal"
In terms of major urban infrastructure and transportation network construction, the planning idea of Zhuhai's urban spatial development strategy is to combine the urban spatial layout, give full play to the role of large-scale infrastructure such as airports, ports, railways and highways, and build an infrastructure support system with smooth collection and distribution networks.
In the future, the traffic layout of Zhuhai will be a network skeleton with regional facilities as the main link along the coast, east-west groups as the main link inside and north-south links outside. The rail transit system will be composed of a network connecting the inter-city express railway and Guangzhou-Zhuhai railway in the Pearl River Delta as well as major passenger transport hubs.
The skeleton of urban expressway and expressway network forms "eight verticals and six horizontals", which connects all groups in the city. "Eight verticals" (from east to west) are: Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway-Jinfeng Road-Santaishi Road, National Highway 105, Tai 'ao Expressway, Jiang Yan Expressway, Zhu Jiang Expressway-Airport East Road, Airport North Road, Gaolan Port Second Passage-Pingdong Road and Zhugang Avenue; Liu Heng (from south to north) is: Hengqin South-Qin Jin Road-Zhuhai Airport, Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge-Hongping Road-Jinhai Road-Gaolan Port, Zhuhai Avenue, Meihua Road-Zhongshan South-Everest Avenue, Guangdong West Coast Expressway, Zhongshan Wuheng Line-Lianzhou-Jiangmen South.