Means of production: resources or tools that laborers need to use in production. Generally, it can include land, factories, machinery and equipment, tools, raw materials, etc.
CPI: Short for Consumer Price Index. Consumer price index (CPI) is a macroeconomic indicator that reflects the changes in the price level of consumer goods generally purchased by households. Usually, when CPI goes up, prices go up, and when CPI goes down, prices go down.
Labor goods: The goods corresponding to tangible goods such as computers and clothes are intangible goods.
Systematic risk: also known as undivided risk. Refers to the risk caused by factors that may affect all companies. Such as war, economic recession, inflation and interest rate changes (policy risk, market risk, purchasing power risk and interest rate risk).
Kill more: it is generally believed that the stock price will rise that day, so there are many people grabbing long hats in the market, but the stock price has not risen sharply. At the end of the transaction, they rushed to sell, causing the closing price to fall sharply.
Short selling: it's a bit like the credit trading mode in business. This model can make a profit in the band of falling prices, that is, borrowing goods at a high level and selling them, and then buying them back after falling. The difference is profit.
Oz: In the gold balance system, the ounce is the unit of mass, equal to 480 grains or 365,438+0.65,438+0.034,768 grams. Equivalent to 1 2 of China's past 16 systems.
Real estate bubble: refers to the excessive expansion of virtual demand for real estate, which leads to the crazy rise of actual prices relative to normal prices.
Commercial and residential: refers to the conversion of legally approved commercial construction land into residential land by land-using units.
Land transfer fee: the total price paid by the user to the government department after obtaining the land use right.
International reserves: the total amount of internationally recognized assets held by a government that can be used to balance international payments, make international payments and intervene in the foreign exchange market at any time.
Money supply: refers to the financial process in which the banking system of a country or currency area inputs, creates, expands (or contracts) money into the economy.
Plus: it is to raise the benchmark interest rate. The benchmark interest rate is a universal reference interest rate in the financial market, and other interest rate levels or financial asset prices can be determined according to this benchmark interest rate level.
Offshore RMB: Also known as CNH, refers to RMB traded outside Chinese mainland. Correspondingly, there is onshore RMB, referred to as CNY.
Reference to a basket of currencies: refers to a country's selection of several major currencies according to the closeness of trade and investment, and different currencies set different weights to form a basket of currencies, and set a floating range to make the country's currency float according to this basket of currencies.
Price transmission mechanism: refers to the price change of upstream products will have the same impact on downstream products.
IMF: short for International Monetary Fund, it is an institution that monitors the currency exchange rates and trade conditions of various countries, provides technical and financial assistance, and ensures the normal operation of the global financial system.
Balance of payments deficit: refers to a country's expenditure in the balance of payments is greater than its income.
Base currency: Simply put, it is the total amount of money printed by banks.
Currency multiplier: Simply put, the government prints 1 100 million base currency and distributes it to individuals, who deposit it in banks and the banks lend it to enterprises. Enterprises buy raw materials from factories, and the money earned by factories is deposited in banks again and again. In this way, the initial million cash is continuously derived, and the role is far more than one million.
Stamp duty: it is the tax paid when opening account books (recording capital account books and other account books) and signing property rights transfer documents (handling property rights, selling houses, etc.). ), sign a contract (whether the contract is honored or not, no matter when the contract is honored) and handle the right license (such as industrial and commercial license, trademark registration certificate, etc.). ). This kind of tax payment behavior is called "decal".
M2: M 1 reflects the actual purchasing power in the economy, and M2 reflects the actual and potential purchasing power. M2 is too high and M 1 is too low, which is equivalent to building Carrefour in a rural area with less than 100 people, which will face the risk of bankruptcy and should be invested rationally. When M 1 is too high and M2 is too low, it shows that there is only one grocery store in the high-grade residential area, which has a large population and great development potential, and investment should be encouraged. At the same time, Yang Ma also judges monetary policy according to their relationship.
Herd effect: Also called "Herd effect", it is a phenomenon that individual's idea or behavior changes in the same direction as most people because of the influence or pressure of the group. People will follow what the public agrees with and deny their views by default.
Asset shortage: a huge amount of funds can't find suitable investment products, and all investments are meager or even unprofitable, resulting in nowhere to put funds. The funds either idle in the banking system or all flow to the virtual economy. In addition to blowing up the asset bubble, no one in the physical sector is willing to invest at all.