The Suez Canal is located in Egypt, with a total length of175km, an average width of135m and an average depth of13m. The Suez Canal was dug from 1859 to 1869 and completed. It connects Europe, Asia and Africa, the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean, greatly shortening the voyage between East and West. Compared with bypassing the Cape of Good Hope in Africa, it is 5500-8009 kilometers shorter from the countries along the Atlantic coast of Europe to the Indian Ocean. Shorten the Mediterranean countries to the Indian Ocean by 8000- 10000 km; For the coast of the Black Sea, shortening 12000 km is an important strategic waterway in international shipping. Economic Activities of Suez Canal in Egypt

It is of special significance. On the one hand, it improved Egypt's position in the world, on the other hand, it also increased its income. Ships passing through the canal pay not only tolls by tonnage, but also water diversion fees and navigation fees. In recent years, the canal has increased Egypt's foreign exchange income by about 700 million US dollars every year, with an average of nearly 2 million US dollars per day. Canal revenue ranks alongside oil, remittances and tourism as Egypt's four major financial sources.

Panama Canal is an important shipping artery connecting the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean, and is known as one of the seven engineering wonders in the world. Located in central Panama, America, across the isthmus of Panama. The Panama Canal is 865,438+0.3 kilometers long, with a water depth of 65,438+03 meters to 65,438+05 meters and a river width of 65,438+050 meters to 304 meters. The water level of the whole canal is 26 meters higher than that of the two oceans, and there are six locks. It usually takes 9 hours for a ship to pass through the canal, which can be used for the navigation of 76,000-ton ships. On the one hand, the Panama Canal connects the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, greatly shortening the sea voyage from Europe to the Pacific Ocean. On the other hand, it has also promoted the development of the world navigation industry.

After Britain established its position as the "factory of the world" through the industrial revolution in the19th century, it took the abolition of the corn laws in 1846 as a symbol to change from the original protective tariff to the foreign policy adopted by free trade. See corn laws and Britain become the factories of the world. With the rapid development of the industrial revolution,1In the 1940s and 1950s, the British industrial bourgeoisie demanded the abolition of the protective tariff policy representing the interests of the land aristocracy and the implementation of the free trade policy representing the interests of its own class, and it got its wish. The implementation of the free trade policy promoted the development and prosperity of British capitalism and gave the industrial bourgeoisie exclusive political dominance. However, for colonial and semi-colonial countries, the free trade policy is an economic aggression policy.