Tropical rainforest

Refers to the tall, dense and evergreen forest community in tropical high temperature and high humidity areas. The plants are clearly divided into several layers. The upper layer is composed of trees, up to 60 meters high, with various types and straight trunks; the middle layer is composed of many medium and small trees; and in the lower layer, essential vines can be seen everywhere, some as thick as 20 to 30 centimeters and as long as Up to 300 meters. Tropical rainforest is a forest community with the largest number of biological species in the existing forest. It is a treasure house of plant resources, including many valuable timber, medicinal materials, fruit trees, oil and rubber and other economic plants. Tropical rainforests are mainly distributed in areas with a minimum annual precipitation of more than 200 mm, high air humidity, and annual temperatures between 25 and 30°C. Such as the Amazon Basin in South America, the Congo Basin in Africa, and Sri Lanka, Indonesia, the Philippines, Malaysia, India and other regions in Asia. Among them, the tropical rainforest in the Amazon Basin has the largest area, and the tropical rainforest in Asia has the most types of plants. It is also partially distributed in Yunnan, Taiwan, Guangdong and Hainan in China.

Tropical rainforests are forest vegetation in tropical areas, with abundant rainfall and soil moisture that basically does not cause drought. Tropical rainforests are mainly distributed in river basins, islands and hills between 10 degrees north and south latitude. Among them, the Amazon River Basin in South America and the Congo Basin in Africa are the largest, and they are more scattered in Southeast Asia.

Scattered plant layers

The plants in the tropical rain forest range from tall to short. Many adult trees can grow to 60 meters high. The dense and tall crowns block out the sky and the sun. Young trees and dwarf plants can only find sunlight through gaps. The area close to the ground is dark and moist, with ferns, shrubs, mosses, fungi and algae growing there.

Rainforest Wonders

Many plants are crowded in the tropical rainforest. In order to survive and obtain nutrients, in the long-term evolutionary process, the roots, stems, leaves, flowers, etc. of many plants have Unusual changes have taken place, forming strange phenomena such as single trees growing into forests, strangulating plants, plank roots and flowers growing on old stems.

Resources in the rainforest

The temperature in the tropical rainforest ranges from 25℃ to 30℃ all year round, and it rains almost every day, making it humid and hot. The plants here grow very fast, are very dense, and come in many varieties, including many valuable woods, medicinal materials, rubber trees, and fruit trees. This is also a paradise for wild animals.

Sky Garden

Many vines hang on the tall trees in the rain forest. Some of these vines are 20 to 30 centimeters thick and 300 meters long. They climbed to the top of the tree and hung upside down from the top of the tree, intertwining and intertwining. Epiphytes live on high tree trunks and among the branches. Their branches spread down from high places, and their bright flowers are dotted like stars, exuding a delicate fragrance, forming a beautiful "hanging garden".

The distribution of tropical rainforests can also be subdivided into humid rainforests, monsoon rainforests, mountain rainforests, etc.

The world's tropical rainforests are mainly distributed in India, Sai, New Guinea, Myanmar, Malaysia, the Philippines, Peru, Colombia, Bolivia, Venezuela and Brazil. Among them, the rainforest in the Amazon River Basin in Brazil is the largest.

The Amazon River Basin in South America is the representative of tropical rain forests. The Amazon River basin spans north and south of the equator and is the largest river in the world. Although the surface is covered with trees, most of the area is barren. Only 4% of the swamp areas that are often flooded have fertile soil. The Amazon is not just a river, it is actually a forest composed of 1,100 tributaries.

The rivers in the tropical rainforest are channels, and the equator happens to pass through the mouth of the Amazon River. For areas north of the equator, the rainy season is from March to July, and for areas south of the equator, it is from October to January. Therefore, the river water will rise and fall, first to the north and then to the south. The river reaches both sides of the river bank, submerging plants within 80-100 kilometers offshore, forming a submerged forest. Some trees in the submerged forest were temporarily suffocated due to lack of oxygen at their roots, just like dry branches. After the water receded, they began to grow young leaves and revive. The most frequent area on earth with forest fires is the Amazon River Basin. Typically occurring during the dry season, fires last six to ten weeks.

In fact, Hong Kong was originally a tropical rainforest area; due to long-term development, only sporadic traces have been left. Taiwan has tropical rainforests near Kenting. In the mainland, the tropical rainforest areas distributed in Yunnan are the most famous.

Tropical rains are concentrated in the Amazon Basin of South America, the Congo River Basin of Africa and the islands of Southeast Asia, accounting for about 16% of the world's land area. It is the ecosystem with the most species of organisms on the earth.

Tropical rainforests also have the function of regulating heat and water, and in the oxygen and carbon dioxide cycle, they play the role of absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen. Therefore, they also have the effect of slowing down the greenhouse effect. Therefore, the destruction of tropical rainforests may have a negative impact on the environment. The global or local climate has undergone drastic changes, which is why tropical rainforests have attracted the attention of the international community and strengthened protection.

The main reasons for the destruction of tropical rainforests include excessive burning and conversion of agricultural land. , overgrazing, excessive use of fuelwood, improper felling of commercial timber and forest fires, etc., and the background of these reasons involves issues such as poverty and population increase in developing countries.

In order to preserve tropical In view of the precious natural functions and values ??of rainforests, current actions that can be taken include:

Encourage developing countries to change economic and other policies that would encourage deforestation or land misuse, such as those that would encourage deforestation or land misuse, such as should be stopped

Provide tax incentives and subsidies to individuals or companies that encourage forest development.

Promote policies that promote sustainable land and resource use, such as land reform, appropriate forest management, and replanting forests. , provide financial incentives or preferential treatment.

Encourage developing countries to develop energy policies so that they no longer rely on destroying rainforests to obtain immediately available resources. For example, four-lane highways make it easier for people to enter the jungle and large dams Much of the electricity needed can be generated, but both projects threaten the future of the rainforest and should be approached with caution.

The import of tropical timber should be banned and the wood must come from properly managed reserves.

Encourage reforestation through loans, bonuses and technical assistance.

Build and cultivate local environmental groups in rainforest areas to strengthen cooperation and influence local government policy formulation.