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1. Expression of exchange rate:
Exchange rate refers to the ratio or parity of one country's currency to another's currency. There are two expressions of exchange rate: direct quotation and indirect pricing.
1. Direct quotation: Direct quotation refers to the pricing method of converting a certain unit of foreign currency into local currency. For example, US$ 100 = RMB 760 yuan; 65438 HK$ +000 = 65438 RMB +006 RMB.
2. Indirect pricing method: Indirect pricing method refers to the pricing method of converting a certain unit of domestic currency into foreign currency based on domestic currency. For example, 100 RMB = 12.65 USD; 100 RMB = 94.33 HKD. There is no essential difference between the two pricing methods, but the calculation method is different. In international economic communication, direct speech is often used, and the Beijing Antong School, which originated from direct speech, is also used in China at present.
3. Classification of exchange rates: exchange rates are classified by quotation: bid price: the price at which banks buy foreign exchange; Selling price: the price at which the bank sells foreign exchange; Middle price: the average price of buying price and selling price, which is equal to the sum of buying price and selling price divided by 2.
Second, what are the pricing methods?
Direct quotation is used in most countries, such as China, where the price of foreign currency is expressed in local currency, that is, a certain amount of foreign currency (1, 100 or 1 000 units) is converted into a certain amount of local currency as a standard, such as 100 USD /679.73 USD. Under direct quotation, the amount of foreign currency is fixed, while the amount of local currency changes with the change of the value of foreign currency or local currency.
The fluctuation of foreign exchange rate is consistent with the fluctuation trend of local currency bidding amount. An increase in the bid amount in local currency means an increase in the exchange rate, indicating that the local currency of the convertible unit foreign currency increases, the foreign currency appreciates and the local currency depreciates; On the contrary, the decrease in the number of bids in local currency indicates that the exchange rate has declined, indicating that the convertible local currency of foreign unit currency has decreased, the foreign currency has depreciated and the local currency has appreciated.