The mining area is 2km away from the special railway line of Gushan Iron Mine developed and utilized by Masteel, and the length of the special railway line is10km, which is connected with Maoershan Station, the main railway line of Ningwu.
The majestic and beautiful Daqing Mountain in the northwest of the mining area is 37 1.9 1 m above sea level, which is the highest mountain in this area. The rippling Qingshan River flows like a jade belt from the middle of the mining area, surrounded by fertile fields. The southern foot of Qingshan Mountain is the burial place of Li Taibai, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty. Many Chinese and foreign people come here to pay their respects.
Baixiangshan Iron Mine is a concealed ore body, which has carried out a lot of geological and geophysical work. Its discovery is the crystallization of the hard work of geophysicists and geologists. 1956, No.7 Team of East China Area 3 of Ministry of Metallurgy conducted1:10000 magnetic survey in Zhonggu area. Because the measuring area is located in the west of Qingshan River, the magnetic field is weak, so it is impossible to circle the magnetic anomaly of Baixiangshan Mountain. During the period of 1959- 1960, geophysicists from the Second Geological Exploration Team of Anhui Metallurgical Department continued to carry out1:10000 magnetic survey and detailed survey in Daqingshan and Zhonggu areas. Some unknown young geophysicists, such as Liu Bingheng, Cai Guanghua and Li Shilin, delineated the magnetic anomaly (M2) of Baixiangshan and put forward the verification design. However, at that time, due to the limitation of geophysical exploration experience, it was considered that the magnetic anomaly was low and slow, and it was inferred that it might be caused by diorite which was not deeply buried, so it had no verification value, and the construction was never approved, which lasted for 4 years.
1965, Team 8 14 of the Geological Exploration Corps of the Ministry of Metallurgy conducted detailed magnetic survey in this area, with the scale of 1∶5000, further delineating the magnetic anomaly of Baixiangshan, making a comprehensive study, and at the same time proposing to verify the anomaly. Geologists and geophysicists of Team 808 of East China Metallurgical Geological Exploration Company (Nanjing) insist on the idea of putting practice first, and think that there are five evidences that can be verified: ① diorite, the ore-forming parent rock, exists in the area; ② Ore-forming surrounding rock with high calcium and magnesium content-Huangmaqing Formation sandstone shale; ③ Favorable ore-controlling structures-fractured breccia structural belt and Baixiangshan anticline; ④ There are sporadic mineralized outcrops on the surface; ⑤ Abnormally low and gentle, but the shape is relatively complete.
1 In 966, Metallurgical Team 808 designed and constructed the drilling hole1in the center of Baixiangshan high magnetic anomaly area. As a result, a magnetite body with a thickness of nearly 100 m was found in the diorite in the lower part of the sandstone shale of Triassic Huang Ma Formation, and finally a treasure that had been buried underground for hundreds of millions of years was found, and industrial ore bodies were also found in several boreholes built later. However, in the No.3 borehole constructed in the northern part of the abnormal area, only a few meters thick small ore belt is seen near the contact part of the rock mass, so some people think that Baixiangshan Mine is such a small lump in the south and cannot become a large mine. 1969, Guo baixiang, Liu Delin, Yang Suzhen and others submitted the preliminary evaluation report of baixiangshan iron mine, and obtained 42.88 million tons of iron ore reserves.
During the period of 1974, Liu Zhengzheng, a geological technician, served as the head of the geological group in Baixiangshan mining area. He and geophysicists conducted in-depth investigation and study together to analyze rock mass, surrounding rock and structure. He thinks that the metallogenic conditions in the north are similar to those in the south, and puts forward that the north is the dip end of Baixiangshan anticline, which is beneficial to mineralization. Geophysical prospecting personnel also made a magnetic profile across the mining area, using elevation method, tangent method, meter extreme value method, multi-point method and tower method. The width and buried depth of the ore body are calculated. The three-component magnetic logging of No.3 hole shows that the northern anomaly is the superposition anomaly of ore and igneous rock, which is a whole with the southern anomaly. On this basis, Liu boldly explored and made a longitudinal section with a hole spacing of 400 meters. As a result, all ore bodies have been discovered, with an increase of 65,438+0,200 meters of original controlled ore bodies along the strike, and it is revealed that the maximum thickness of ore bodies exceeds 80 meters. At that time, Lu Weiguang, Liang Qingzhang and Xie were also engaged in geological work in Baixiangshan.
In order to speed up the exploration of Baixiangshan Iron Mine, under the leadership of Liu Zhengzheng, the whole team put forward the overall exploration design of the deposit, with 200 drilling holes designed and the drilling quantity of 65,438+10,000 meters. Obviously, such a huge exploration workload is difficult to complete by the strength of the 808 team alone. The Geological Department of the Ministry of Metallurgy and the relevant leaders of Anhui Province believe that it is necessary to conduct a general survey and exploration war in Baixiangshan mining area and its periphery.
1976 1 month, Anhui metallurgical geological exploration company received a telegram from Beijing from Li Renzhi, deputy secretary of the provincial party committee, asking the company to send someone to report to Beijing with the relevant information of iron ore geological investigation and exploration in Dangtu area, and the company sent Yang Zhongxiu (deputy director of production) and Zhou Zhongmei (chief of geology) to Beijing. 65438+1On October 3rd, Gu Mu, Vice Premier of the State Council, entrusted Li Renzhi, Deputy Secretary of Anhui Provincial Party Committee, to hold an iron mine battle meeting in Anhui Province at Qianmen Hotel. Director and Deputy Director of the State Geological Administration, Vice Minister of Metallurgical Department, Director of Geological Department Zhu, General Manager Cui of Maanshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. and Deputy Director Qian Zedong of Metallurgical Bureau attended the meeting. At the meeting, Zhou Zhongmei reported the following contents on behalf of metallurgical geological system: ① general situation of iron ore resources in Ningwu basin; (2) Geological basis of fighting in the southern section of Ningwu Basin; (3) the preliminary idea of fighting; (4) the expected results of the battle and the problems to be solved. After discussion, the preliminary arrangement of iron ore battle in Dangtu area proposed by Anhui Metallurgical Geological Exploration Company was agreed. The main tasks of the battle are: ① exploration of Baixiangshan mining area; (2) Verify the magnetic anomaly on the east side of Qingshan River; ③ Carry out peripheral prospecting.
On April 27th, the Organization Department of Anhui Provincial Party Committee approved the establishment of a geological campaign leading group in Dangtu area of Anhui Province, which was composed of Shen Kezhong, Duke, Yang Zhongxiu, Zhou Zhongmei, Ma Rujie and other local leaders 17, with Shen Kezhong as the team leader and Du Ke as the deputy team leader.
Under the command of the combat leading group, we concentrated our company/KOOC-0/9 drilling rig (808 team/KOOC-0/0,803 team/KOOC-0/,8/KOOC-0/team 4,8/KOOC-0/team 2,8/) in a short time. After 7 months of fighting in 1 year, the personnel and drilling rigs of all participating units in Baixiangshan withdrew to their original units one after another, and the remaining projects were continued by Team 808.
In particular, the hydrogeological exploration work in Baixiangshan mining area should be mentioned here. Baixiangshan Iron Mine is a concealed deposit buried 200-600 meters underground. As a large iron mine, what is its economic value? In addition to mining conditions and ore quality, hydrogeological conditions are one of the important factors that determine the mining index of the deposit. In the past several stages of geological work, corresponding hydrogeological work has been carried out at the same time, and Baixiangshan iron deposit has been preliminarily determined as a large deposit with complex hydrogeological conditions. In the single-hole pumping test, the water inflow of CK304 reached 228 1 ton/day and night, and the water level drop was only 7.13m, while the water inflow of CK706 was1.720t/day and night, and the water level drop was only 3.68m.. Due to the limitation of borehole diameter and pumping equipment capacity, the single-hole pumping test can't achieve a significant drop in water level, so it can't solve the problem of whether the groundwater in Wuxiangshan iron deposit can be drained. In addition, Qingshan River flows through the mining area from south to north, and the Qingshan River is closely related to the groundwater in the mining area, so long-term large-aperture pumping and group hole observation experiments are needed.
Liu Bingheng, head of the hydrogeology team, Zhang Zhizhong, deputy head, and members Shen Guowei, Jiang Tianzong, Liu Meilin, Mei Baoan, Wang Hengsheng, Chen Sanjiu and Xu Peifeng designed the large-diameter pumping. The aperture is 20 inches, and the final aperture is 15 inches. Team 808 has never carried out such a large-diameter drilling construction, which is also the first time for Anhui Metallurgical Geological Exploration Company. The road is made by people. The hydrological team just established by the company undertook this glorious construction task. Through the efforts of the staff of the hydrological team, the large-diameter hydrogeological pumping hole with a depth of 243.24 meters was finally completed, which created a glorious page in the drilling history of metallurgical geological exploration company.
14 inch deep well pump is used as the pumping machine in the large-diameter pumping test. The pumping capacity exceeds 10000 tons/day, and 42 observation well are distributed within 2 square kilometers of the mining area. It is necessary to measure the water level in a unified time, work 24 hours a day and observe for 33 days. The Party Committee mobilized and organized more than 100 educated youth and their families to participate in the observation group. After short-term training, they went to work and successfully completed the observation task. It is proved that there is no obvious hydraulic connection between Qingshan River and groundwater in mining area in natural state, and various data of mine water inflow are mastered.
The exploration of Baixiangshan Iron Mine has gone through the following stages: geological detailed investigation stage 1966- 1969, construction drilling 1 1, drilling workload of 5,400 meters, and the evaluation report of Baixiangshan Iron Mine was submitted in February 1969. 1976- 198 1 year, 235 boreholes were drilled in the exploration stage of the deposit, with a total footage of100500m. The total iron ore reserves were 654.38+500 million tons (with an average grade of 39.43%) and associated vanadium pentoxide was 365.438. The report was approved by the Storage Committee of the Ministry of Metallurgy 1984. The total investment in geological exploration over the years is10.34 million yuan, which is about 0.07 yuan per ton of ore exploration cost, and the economic benefit of exploration is good.
Geological engineers, Lu Weiguang, Zhao and Li, geological assistant engineers Zhao Jinchang, Fu, Lou and Li, geological technicians Huang Yixun and Qian Ping, hydrogeological assistant engineers Liu Bingheng, Jiang Tianzong, Shen Guoren and Liu Meilin, and technicians Wang Baoan, Wang Hengsheng and Chen directly participated in the submission of this report.
The deposit has not yet been constructed and utilized, and the design institute of Maanshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. has been entrusted by the design institute of Maanshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. to conduct a feasibility study on development. The annual pit quarrying stone is 6,543,800 tons, with a total investment of 230 million yuan. Compared with imported Australian iron ore, it can save a lot of foreign exchange. Baixiangshan iron ore has a bright development prospect and has been included in the development plan of Masteel Mine 10.
Baixiangshan iron ore is a kind of lean magnetic iron ore that needs beneficiation. 1976 and 1980 entrusted Shaanxi metallurgical geology research institute and Maanshan mining research institute to do ore washability test respectively. The preliminary test results show that the grade of iron concentrate is 60.50%, the recovery rate is 84.48%, and the impurity content meets the smelting requirements. Cobalt exists as pyrite, and cobalt concentrate containing 0.395% cobalt can be obtained by flotation. The recommended technological process is flotation-magnetic separation. Test results of design institute of Maanshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd.: Iron concentrate with 96% magnetic iron recovery rate, 80% total iron recovery rate and 63% iron content was obtained by two-stage grinding (negative 0.077mm content was 55% and 95% respectively) and three-stage magnetic separation (one roughing and two cleaning), and the content of harmful impurities in the concentrate met the smelting requirements.
The genetic type of the deposit belongs to high-temperature gas-liquid metasomatic stratabound deposit, that is, the iron deposit in the contact zone between diorite body and surrounding sedimentary rocks in porphyrite iron ore. Some people think that it belongs to a deposit filled with high to medium temperature liquid in the fissure of magma condensation and contraction.
The main ore body of Baixiangshan Iron Mine mainly occurs in the inner zone of the contact between diorite and sand shale, and its shape is mainly controlled by Baixiangshan anticline, with a gentle arch in the transverse direction, and its occurrence is basically the same as that of surrounding rock. The dip angle of its wings is 5-35, generally10-30, and it inclines to the north in a wave form, with the dip angle of about13, which is roughly the same as that of the anticline. The maximum extension of the ore body along the strike is 1780m, the maximum lateral width is1/206m, generally 950m, the thickness is 2.22- 12 1.72m, and the average is 34.41m. The ore body is buried.
There are *** 10 small ore bodies, with a reserve of 1.62 million tons, accounting for 1. 1% of the total reserves, of which 9 are main ore bodies with footwall and footwall 1. There are four natural types of ores: disseminated, layered, massive and breccia. Breccia minerals are mainly distributed in the fracture zone, contact zone and fault structure between sandstones, but the distribution of the first three types is not obvious.
According to the type of ore industry, magnetite accounts for 90.3% of the total ore, and the percentage of magnetite is more than 85%. < 85% is mixed ore, accounting for 9.7% of the total ore; The latter mostly occurs at the edge of shallow small ore bodies and main ore bodies, and the average occupancy rate of magnetic iron in the whole region is 88.88%. All belong to lean magnetic iron ore (the average grade of total iron is 39.43%).
The mineral composition is mainly magnetite, followed by semi-pseudomorphic hematite and hematite, with a small amount of specularite and limonite. Gangue minerals include pyrite, albite, Yingshi, phlogopite, a small amount of tremolite, actinolite, chlorite, talc, phlogopite and kaolin.
Baixiangshan Iron Mine was discovered mainly by geophysical prospecting. Through comprehensive study of geology and geophysical prospecting, the prospect of the deposit has been expanded. The ore bodies have been controlled at the boundary above-500m and below-500m, except in the northeast. According to the ore-controlling conditions, it is speculated that there is still a certain prospecting prospect in the southwest of the mining area.