First, the status quo of China's comprehensive national strength
In 2 1 century, China's economic growth accelerated and its comprehensive strength increased. The GDP was 8,940.4 billion yuan, 8.0% higher than that of 1.999. The annual profit of industrial enterprises was 426.2 billion yuan, an increase of 86.2% over 1999, reaching the highest level since the 1990s. The market price stopped falling and stabilized. Labor and employment work has been further strengthened. The balance of payments situation is good, the RMB exchange rate remains stable, and foreign exchange reserves continue to increase. At the end of the year, China's foreign exchange reserves reached US$ 654.38+065.6 billion.
The enhancement of China's comprehensive national strength mainly benefits from the partial improvement of resources and the improvement of economic activities, foreign economic activities, social development and military capabilities. The role of various factors in the development of China's comprehensive national strength: judging from the contribution of various factors of China's comprehensive national strength in the 1990s, the contribution of resources and economic activity capacity to China's comprehensive national strength has been above 60%. Among other factors, the share of foreign economic activities has increased rapidly, while the share of scientific and technological capabilities, social development, military capabilities, government supervision capabilities and diplomatic capabilities has not changed much.
In 2000, the contributions of various elements of China's comprehensive national strength were as follows:
1. resources: Due to the rapid development of higher education and the implementation of the enrollment expansion policy, the average number of college students per 10,000 people we are worried about will be gradually alleviated, which is conducive to improving the quality of human resources. What is particularly gratifying is the increase in cultivated land and forest area. This reflects the sustained and effective efforts of our government and people. Forestry is developing rapidly, and greening has become one of the leading policies of the whole society and the development of the western region. In the future, we should continue to publicize the significance of greening and protecting forest resources to the whole society from the perspective of increasing China's comprehensive national strength. Generally speaking, resources are still an important support of China's comprehensive national strength, and the improvement of some indicators of human resources and land resources is very gratifying, which will inject vitality into the sustained growth of China's comprehensive national strength.
2. Economic activity capacity: In 2000, China's economic activity capacity was enhanced not only by the increase of total output, but also by the improvement of production efficiency. The comprehensive index of economic benefits of industrial enterprises has reached the highest value since 1992, which is a very good trend for the enhancement of China's comprehensive national strength. At the same time, we should also see that there are still weak links such as low agricultural production efficiency, high energy consumption level and low proportion of tertiary industry.
3. The ability of foreign economic activities: it is a bright spot in the elements of comprehensive national strength in 2000, and all indicators are on the rise. Statistics show that China exports account for 4.0% of the world's total exports, ranking eighth in the world; Imports account for 3.2% of the world's total imports, ranking ninth in the world. ? Foreign exchange reserves rank second in the world. Undoubtedly, the growth of foreign economic activities has effectively enhanced China's comprehensive national strength.
4. Scientific and technological capability: In 2000, China increased investment in R&D, and the proportion of high-tech products and mechanical and electrical products in exports increased by 50% and 36.9% respectively. Moreover, the number of scientific and technological personnel has also rebounded, indicating that the corresponding measures to improve the treatment of scientific and technological personnel have achieved results.
5. Degree of social development: In 2000, China's education, culture, health care, communication and urbanization all developed with the enhancement of comprehensive national strength, which made the degree of social development one of the important reasons for the enhancement of comprehensive national strength in 2000. However, the proportion of professionals trained in universities, middle schools and technical secondary schools is still low, which reflects the serious imbalance between supply and demand in social development. In fact, this is a major "bottleneck" of China's social and economic structure, which may affect the further development of China's social economy and comprehensive national strength in the long run.
6. Military capability: The number of military personnel in China has further decreased, while military expenditure and arms exports have increased. With a large number of well-equipped and advanced troops, the efficiency of China's military capability is improving, which undoubtedly enhances its comprehensive national strength.