The ruble was originally the monetary unit of czarist Russia. 1800 establishes the exchange rate with gold, and the gold content of 1897 ruble notes is 0.774234 g. From 1922 to 1924, the Soviet Union carried out monetary reform. 196 1 year, 1 month, and the monetary system was reformed again. The gold content of the ruble is set at 0.9874 12g, and the exchange rate against the US dollar is set at 1 US dollar to 0.09 ruble. Since then, the exchange rate has not changed much in the past 30 years. 1989101On October 28th, the Soviet Union announced the implementation of a dual exchange rate.
1 990 1 1 0/month1,the official exchange rate of the ruble rose sharply for the first time in nearly 30 years, from1US dollar to 0.09 ruble to1US dollar to 0.008 ruble. 19911On February 25th, the Soviet Union disintegrated and the ruble became the standard monetary unit in Russia. After independence, other countries in the former Soviet Union issued their own currencies, while other countries still adopted roubles. 1In July, 1993, the Russian government announced that the ruble banknotes issued in 196 1 ~ 1992 stopped circulating, and a new version of rubles was issued at the same time. 1 994165438+1On October 25th, the official exchange rate of the ruble was1USD to 3235 rubles.
During the former Soviet Union, the value of the ruble was as high as $2, but after the disintegration of the Soviet Union, inflation was very rapid, and the value of the ruble dropped sharply, reaching the lowest of 1.400 rubles 1 dollar. 1994, Russia began to issue new rubles. After Putin was elected president, he implemented the policy of controlling inflation. At present, the new ruble has reached nearly 26 rubles 1 US dollar.
In order to make the ruble with a history of more than 800 years one of the international currencies, in 2006, Russia decided to choose the exclusive symbol for the ruble coupon. In July of the same year 1, the ruble became a freely convertible currency.
Russian ruble related content
Location: Russia and Abkhazia and South Ossetia, which declared their independence by themselves.
Inflation rate: 7%
Source: Russian Statistical Office, 2007.
Unit:1100 kopecks
Currency symbol: руб
Gaby: (копека) к
Majority: The language of this currency belongs to Slavic language family, and there are more than one way to establish majorities.
Coins: 1, 5, 1 0,50 kopecks,1,2,5 rubles.
Paper money: 5105010050010005000 rubles.
Central Bank: Central Bank of the Russian Federation
Website: http://www.cbr.ru.
Printing Bureau: Ge Znak
Website: http://www.goznak.ru.
Mint: Ge Znak
Website: http://www.goznak.ru.
Why did the ruble depreciate
Gerasenko, governor of the central bank, explained that foreign exchange exchanges were closed for ten days during the New Year, so it was normal for the ruble to depreciate like this after the New Year.
Lifschitz, the Russian President's representative in contact with international financial organizations, believes that the reason for the devaluation of the ruble is that the government has too little foreign exchange, while the residents have too many rubles, which are concentrated in the foreign exchange market. If the ruble production of residents and enterprises cannot be guided, it will be difficult to avoid further devaluation of the ruble.
As of New Year's Day this year, Russia's gold foreign exchange reserves stood at $654.38+02.4 billion, an increase of more than $200 million over a year ago. The foreign debt that must be repaid this year is/kloc-0.05 billion US dollars, so the government must take measures to increase foreign exchange income. At the beginning of the new year, Gerasenko, governor of the central bank, suggested that the foreign exchange earned by enterprises and companies should be sold to the country at a rate of 65,438+0,000% (of the 65,438+0,999, 75% was sold to the country and 25% was reserved for themselves). Acting President Putin expressed support for this proposal. After the announcement of this proposal, in recent days, the dollar selling in Moscow foreign exchange market has decreased and the dollar buying has increased, which has led to the appreciation of the dollar.
Aleksashenko, former deputy governor of the Russian central bank, believes that if the central bank buys 25% more dollars than last year, it will inevitably issue more rubles, which will lead to greater inflation. The International Monetary Fund also expressed its opposition to Russia's 100% export settlement measures. The Russian government plans to limit the inflation rate to 18% and exchange rate to 32 rubles 1 USD in 2000. Some experts believe that the ruble exchange rate may reach 29 rubles 1 US dollar in the near future, and then it will stabilize.
Whether the financial market can be stable is not only related to Russia's economic situation this year, but also will have an important impact on the Russian presidential election on March 26. Our correspondent in Moscow