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reason
Finance (finance
Management) refers to the financial (property and debt) management for the purpose of maintaining and increasing the value of property. Financial management is divided into enterprise financial management, institutional financial management, personal and family financial management, etc. Human life
Existence, life and other activities are inseparable from the material foundation and are closely related to financial management. "Financial management" is often used with "investment and financial management" because there is investment in "financial management" and financial management in "investment".
1 interval make money-income
Living income includes working income generated by personal resources and financial income generated by monetary resources; Work income depends on people to make money, and wealth management income is to make money.
2. Financial income: including interest income, rental income, dividends, capital gains, etc.
money outlay
Lifelong expenses include the living expenses of individuals and families from birth to death, as well as the financial expenses arising from investment and application for credit. Some people have expenses and families have burdens. The main purpose of making money is to meet personal and family expenses. Including: living expenses: including family expenses such as food, clothing, housing, entertainment and medical care. Financial expenses: including loan interest expenses, guarantee insurance expenses, investment formalities expenses, etc.
Save money-assets
When the current income exceeds the expenditure, there will be savings, and the savings accumulated in each period are assets, that is, the principal that can help you roll money and generate investment income. In old age, when people's resources can't continue to work to generate income, they must rely on monetary resources to generate financial income or realize assets to meet the needs of the elderly. Including:
1. Emergency reserve: keep a sum of cash in case of unemployment or emergency.
2. Investment: portfolio of investment tools that can be used to generate wealth management income.
3. Purchase of real estate: purchase of self-occupied houses, self-occupied cars and other assets that provide use value.
Borrowing-liabilities
Borrow money when cash income cannot cover cash expenditure. The reason for borrowing money may be that you can't make ends meet temporarily, and you can buy real estate or automobile appliances that can be used for a long time to expand credit investment. If the loan is not repaid immediately, it will accumulate into liabilities and pay interest according to the balance of the liabilities. Therefore, before the loan is paid off, in addition to living expenses, there will be amortization expenses of financial principal interest. Including:
1. Consumer liabilities: such as credit card revolving credit, cash card balance and installment payment.
2. Investment liabilities: for example, the margin of margin financing and securities lending, borrowing money to invest with financial leverage.
3. Self-use assets and liabilities: such as housing loans and auto loans required for purchasing self-use assets.
Save money-save money
In modern society, not all income can be used to pay expenses, but income tax, property tax, gift tax or inheritance tax must be paid if there is income, so how to legally save income tax in cash flow planning and gift tax or inheritance tax in property transfer planning has become an important content of financial management and a primary consideration for high-income individuals. Including:
1. Income tax savings plan;
2. Property tax planning;
3. Tax saving scheme for property transfer (widely used overseas);
Margin guarantee
The focus of capital preservation is risk management, that is, to make insurance or trust arrangements in advance, so that human resources or existing wealth.
Pie chart of consumption
When the property is protected or losses occur, financial management can be obtained to make up for the losses. The function of insurance is that when an accident makes the family's cash income unable to meet the expenses at that time or in the future, there is still a sum of money or income to make up the gap and reduce the impact of unexpected income and expenditure imbalance during the life journey. In order to obtain the protection of life insurance and property insurance and make up for the loss of people or things, a certain percentage of premiums must be paid. In the event of an insurance accident, the financial income generated by claims can replace the income from interrupted work to meet the living expenses of families or survivors, and can also be used to repay debts and reduce the interest expenses of financial management. In addition, the trust arrangement can make the trust property independent of other private property, free from recourse by creditors, and has the function of protecting the existing property from losses. Including:
1. Life insurance: life insurance, medical insurance, accident insurance, disability insurance and endowment insurance.
2. Product insurance: fire and liability insurance.
Step 3 trust
4. Fixed investment of the fund
2 explanation
Core meaning
Make the process of finance from health to safety, from safety to autonomy, from autonomy to freedom, and realize the smooth cash flow and the improvement of wealth creation ability in this process. The research on financial planning and management originated in the United States, which is generally divided into personal (family) financial planning and corporate financial planning. Family financial management also includes financial education for children.
Extended explanation
Title: Financial Management
Pinyin: lǐ caí
Basic explanation
[Financial management matters; Manage property, be an expert in financial management, and be an expert in financial management.
detailed description
Manage property. "Under the Yi copula": "Financial management is right, and it is not right to ban people." Kong Ying Da's book: "It is said that saints manage their finances in moderation." "On the Latent Husband" in the Palace of Han Dynasty: "The first king was in charge of money, and the people were forbidden to do wrong." Song Ceng Gong's Reconsideration of Funds: "Your Majesty said that the minister said that saving money is the key to financial management, and the words of the world are not the case." Chapters 3 and 3 of Legend of Heroes of Children: "I think the way to manage money is probably nothing more than' there are more people living and fewer people eating; The reason why people are sick and the reason why people are comfortable. Miscellaneous Notes on Mao Dun's Hometown: "This clever' Uncle Ya' knows the method of' financial management'. "
Professional connotation
First, the word "financial management" first appeared in newspapers in the early 1990s. With the expansion of China's stock and bond markets, the enrichment of commercial banks and retail businesses, and the increase of citizens' overall income year by year, the concept of "financial management" has gradually become popular. Personal financial management can be roughly divided into personal assets and personal liabilities, including funds, stocks, bonds, deposits, life insurance, gold and other personal assets; Personal housing mortgage loan and personal consumption credit belong to personal liabilities.
Second, what is financial management?
When people talk about financial management, they think of either investing or making money. In fact, the scope of financial management is very wide. Financial management is to manage the wealth of a lifetime, that is, the cash flow and risk management of an individual's life. Contains the following meanings:
Financial management is a lifetime wealth, not just to solve the problem of urgent need for money.
2 Financial management is cash flow management. Everyone needs money (cash outflow) when he is born, and he also needs to make money to generate cash inflow. Therefore, whether you have money or not, everyone needs to manage money.
③ Financial management also includes risk management. Because more flows in the future are uncertain, including personal risk, property risk and market risk, which will affect cash inflow (income interruption risk) or cash outflow (cost increase risk).
Third, where can I manage my money?
Domestic institutions that can provide financial services to customers mainly include banks, securities companies and investment companies.
1. Bank investment
The wealth management products provided by commercial banks in China are divided into three categories: guaranteed fixed income products, guaranteed floating income products and non-guaranteed floating income products.
2. Financial management of securities companies
Securities financing generally includes stocks, funds, commodity futures, stock index futures and foreign exchange futures. Individual or institutional investors can choose different financing tools according to their different needs and investment preferences.
3. Investment company financing
Financial management of investment companies generally includes trust funds, gold investment, jade, jewelry, diamonds and third-party financial management. With high initial capital requirements, it is suitable for high-end financial managers.
4. E-commerce financial management
2 1 century, in addition to online banking, financial search engines on the internet can also be used to search for financial products, compare risks and benefits, and then make investments.
Fourth, how to manage money.
You need to open a corresponding wealth management account when you go to a bank or a securities company for wealth management. Generally speaking, wealth management accounts opened through banks can handle savings products, bank wealth management products and fund products, and large banks can also purchase them through the banking system. Due to the wide distribution of bank outlets, investment and wealth management accounts opened through bank channels can be handled at bank counters.
The financial accounts opened by securities companies can be used to invest in a series of investment financial instruments such as stocks (including A shares, B shares and H shares), bonds (including government bonds, corporate bonds and corporate bonds) and futures (including financial futures such as stock index futures and foreign exchange futures, and commodity futures such as gold futures and agricultural products futures). The opening of a securities account can be handled in the business department of a securities company, and it needs to be handled within the trading day.
The procedure of investing in a company is relatively convenient. Generally, you only need to provide a copy of your ID card and bank card. Investment companies will also customize exclusive financial plans for customers.
V. Financial management level
The first layer is to handle and use money effectively and reasonably, so as to make the best use of everything and meet the needs of daily life to the greatest extent.
The second level is to invest the extra money to produce the best financial return, which is the level of Qian Shengqian.
The third level is to plan life from the financial point of view, make use of the existing economic and financial conditions, maximize the value of their human resources, and prepare for future development.
3 planning
step
1. Check your assets.
Including stock assets and expectations of future earnings, knowing how much money can be managed is the most basic prerequisite.
2. Set financial goals
It is necessary to define the financial target qualitatively and quantitatively from the specific time, amount and description of the target.
3. Clarify the types of risks
Don't make the assumption of risk preference without considering any objective situation. For example, many customers put all their money into the stock market without considering parents, children and family responsibilities. At this time, his risk preference deviated from the range he could bear.
4. Strategic asset allocation
Do asset allocation among all assets, and then choose investment varieties, investment timing and investment value.
core
It is the process of matching assets and liabilities. Assets are previous stock assets and income capacity, that is, future assets. Debt is a family responsibility, supporting parents, raising children and sending them to school. The second is the goal, which has become our debt. To have a high-quality life and dynamically match your assets and liabilities is the core concept of personal finance.
4 pay attention to the content
Financial investment also has certain risks. Beginners can take a look at the following suggestions to control risks:
First: investors are not brokers, so they must not enter the market at will, otherwise they will only lose more and earn less.
Second: there must be a target price in mind, not no price in mind.
Third: be sure to set a stop loss point, reach the stop loss point, stop loss at speed, and leave.
Fourth: Don't magnify the lever too much.
Fifth: before entering the market, do more analysis, read more news from both sides and read more charts; After entering the market, you should keep in touch with the market, and don't just look at the news that is beneficial to you just because you are doing well. At the first sign of trouble, close your position immediately.
Sixth: Don't be die-hard. When speculating in foreign exchange, sometimes it depends on the wind direction and rudder, so don't stick to your own opinions. Ten thousand kinds of markets belong to the market, which means that sometimes good news enters the market, and the market
It's not doing well, but the situation is declining, or your previous analysis is wrong. Please make a quick decision, don't be stubborn. If you are a novice in financial management, you can apply for a foreign exchange simulation account at the Global Gold Exchange to experience it.
Learn the basic steps of simulating foreign exchange speculation, learn slowly, and finally you will know more about financial management.
Recommended:
Peer-to-peer lending is the abbreviation of peer-to-peer lending. Peer means individual, and the official Chinese translation is "everyone's loan". This is a way to transfer small amounts of money.
A business model of raising funds and lending to people who need funds. P2P credit service company is the "market version" of private lending. It refers to an individual who has money to open and financial investment ideas.
Lend money to other people who need to borrow through credit intermediaries in the form of credit loans. In addition to paying interest, the borrower also needs to pay a certain intermediary fee to the company.
The online lending platform is a new stage in China, just beginning, beware of being cheated! Without the protection of laws and regulations, it is difficult to protect the rights and interests of wealth managers, so be careful, careful, careful, careful, careful!
Recommend several articles to prevent being cheated! Learn more, and the industry will have high returns after painful struggle!
In China's credit market, formal financial institutions have long occupied a dominant position. Due to the complicated procedures, high cost, low income and high risk of granting loans to small and micro enterprises, financial institutions are generally popular.
I am bent on lending to large enterprises. Under the background of the continuous tightening of monetary policy, the increasingly severe inflation situation, the difficulty of loans for small and medium-sized enterprises, the continuous accumulation of a large number of private capital and the narrow investment channels, as a financial market with a long history,
Private lending in the form of long-term lending has become increasingly active. At the same time, the wave of information sweeping the world has spawned a new form of private lending-P2P peer-to-peer lending platform. In 2006, China established the first P2P lending.
Website, and since then showed a vigorous development trend, promoting the prosperity of private lending. However, the fuzziness of relevant laws and regulations and the vacuum of supervision lead to legal risks, which also hinder its entry to some extent.
The development of steps. Recently, events such as the outstanding bankruptcy of Antai and the alleged fraudulent running of Youyi Loan have pushed P2P online lending to the forefront.
Firstly, the problem P2P P2P lending platform is put forward.
20 1 1 On August 23rd, 2008, the General Office of China Banking Regulatory Commission issued the Notice of the General Office of China Banking Regulatory Commission on the Risk Warning of Renren Loan, which revealed seven risks in the intermediary service of Renren Loan. Renren loan, that is, the risk of P2P online lending platform has attracted more and more attention.
P2P(peer-to-peer) network loan platform, referred to as "Renren Loan" for short, is a network platform for lending from person to person through the Internet, rather than through financial institutions such as banks.
P2P peer-to-peer lending platform is the product of private lending informationization. On the one hand, more and more private idle funds cannot find an effective investment path; On the other hand, with the rapid development of computer technology and network.
In the information age, the Internet has greatly improved the speed of information dissemination and expanded the coverage of information. -P2P peer-to-peer lending Platform Private Lending Network Platform came into being with the east wind of informationization. P2P network
The lending platform uses information technology and relies on the network platform to provide the docking of lending information, which infinitely enlarges the customer base and breaks the original "face-to-face" lending model. Both borrowers and borrowers can publish information through the network and borrow funds.
A series of lending processes such as loans.
Second, the main manifestations of legal risks P2P P2P lending platform
The domestic P2P online lending industry has developed rapidly and has formed a certain scale. However, while online lending platforms emerge in an endless stream, it also exposes the defects of the platform itself and the legal environment. [ 1]
(1) The borrower's personal credit risk is high.
At present, P2P peer-to-peer lending platforms mainly evaluate borrowers' credit according to the information provided by borrowers, such as identity certificate, property certificate, payment record and acquaintance evaluation. On the one hand, this
This authentication information is easy to be tampered with, which provides a wrong basis for credit evaluation; On the other hand, even the true certification materials are one-sided, and it is impossible to fully understand the borrower's information and make a correct and objective credit evaluation.
(B) improper operation is easy to step on the red line of "illegal fund-raising"
At present, the creditor's rights transfer mode adopted by some P2P peer-to-peer lending platforms has aroused widespread concern and heated discussion. Ms Wu Xiaoling, deputy director of NPC Financial and Economic Committee, said that some P2P peer-to-peer lending platforms have the shadow of illegal fund-raising, so we should guard against risks.
The creditor's rights transfer mode adopted by some platforms is to transfer creditor's rights through personal accounts, making the platform a hub for capital exchanges, not the only one.
A pure intermediary between borrowers and lenders. The transfer of creditor's rights is to reorganize the creditor's rights and transfer them to the lender through the double division of term and amount. Its essence is asset securitization. This model can easily be regarded as the model of many countries.
Unspecified financial managers absorb funds, which is very similar to "illegally absorbing public deposits"
(C) the source of funds is difficult to review
P2P peer-to-peer lending is funded by lenders who hold idle funds. These funds are generally from legitimate sources, but the illegality of their sources cannot be ruled out. At the same time, P2P online lending platforms often lack the means to review the sources of funds. Therefore, these online platforms are at risk of being used as money laundering tools or engaging in usury.
(d) Low security of deposits.
P2P network loan platform involves a large number of capital transactions, because the loan funds are not immediately credited to the accounts of both borrowers and lenders, it will generate funds in transit. Huge funds in transit are controlled by the loan website, if
When a website opens a third-party account to issue loans on its behalf, it is easy for insiders to illegally misappropriate funds and raise funds when the internal control procedures of the website fail and the website staff are negligent in self-discipline or being used.
Criminal behavior.
(E) It is difficult to supervise the use of post-loan funds.
There are no perfect laws and regulations to regulate the tracking of post-loan funds, such as how to ensure that the borrower uses the funds according to the promised purposes instead of engaging in illegal and criminal activities. "the Supreme People's Court about people.
Article 13 of Several Opinions of the People's Court on the Trial of Loan Cases stipulates: "In the loan relationship, the person who only plays the role of contact and introduction does not bear the guarantee responsibility." Therefore, when the borrower fails to repay the principal and interest on time, the website only has
It acts as a chaser. If the amount of a single small loan is small, the cost of chasing money is hard to make up.
(VI) The financial privacy rights of both borrowers and borrowers cannot be effectively protected.
P2P lending website provides a platform for both borrowers and borrowers to publish lending information. General websites require borrowers to provide personal identity and property information, on the one hand, to give borrowers the credentials to choose borrowers, on the other hand,
It also serves as the basis of credit evaluation. If the secrecy technology of the website is cracked, the personal identity and property information provided by the borrower to the website will be leaked, and the borrower's privacy right cannot be effectively protected.
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