The first part analyzes the present situation of Guizhou's economic development. Since the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, the development-driven strategy has enabled Guizhou's economy to develop continuously and rapidly, and the economic growth rate has basically remained at around 9%. The GDP of the whole province (note: according to the data of the National Bureau of Statistics, since 2004, the "GDP" of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government has been renamed as "GDP") is changed from 1978. The province's per capita GDP increased from 1978 156. 16 yuan to 3,600 yuan in 2003, an increase of more than 23 times. From the vertical comparison, Guizhou's economy has developed rapidly and made great achievements. From the perspective of horizontal comparison, there is still a big gap between our province and neighboring provinces and cities and neighboring countries, and efforts are needed. First, taking 2003 as an example, except for the total population ranking of Guizhou 15, other major economic indicators such as GDP and per capita GDP still rank at the bottom of the country. Second, because Guizhou's location has deviated from the frontier of opening to the outside world, it has been at a disadvantage of opening to the outside world for a long time, and it is still a vulnerable group among the vulnerable groups in the west. Third, in recent years, although the economic growth rate has exceeded the national average growth rate, many major economic indicators have become increasingly backward. Fourth, it is also in a backward position in the national 3 1 province (autonomous region, city) new economic ranking, but the per capita GDP ranks fourth, indicating that as long as the policies and measures are appropriate, it will bring new hope to backward Guizhou. Secondly, compared with 10 ASEAN countries, Guizhou's economic development level is far lower than that of Singapore, Brunei, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines and Indonesia in ASEAN, comparable to that of Vietnam and slightly higher than that of Laos, Cambodia and Myanmar. The second part: It is urgent for Guizhou Province to further implement the opening-up strategy. China is a big developing country, and Guizhou is one of the inland coastal provinces with backward economy and technology, and the gap between capital and technology is particularly prominent. In order to accelerate the process of socialist modernization in Guizhou and realize the leap-forward economic development, it is even more necessary to vigorously develop foreign trade, utilize foreign capital, introduce advanced technology and expand various forms of international economic and technological cooperation. The reasons that restrict Guizhou's economic development are various and complicated. We believe that the more important reason is that the implementation of the opening-up strategy is not strong enough, and the opening-up is not strong enough to promote economic development. It should be noted that the rapid development of Guizhou's economy is mainly the development of domestic demand economy. Restricted by many factors of the disadvantages of domestic demand-oriented economy, the economic openness is low, which makes the regional competitiveness and enterprise competitiveness of Guizhou economy weak. Here, take 2003 as an example to analyze the economic openness of Guizhou. Economic openness refers to the degree to which a country or region's economy participates in international division of labor and international exchanges (that is, integrates into the international economic system). It was put forward by some European and American scholars and experts from international economic organizations in recent years. The main factor to measure this index is market access. Under the unified implementation of national tariff and non-tariff measures, intellectual property protection and service trade barriers, the index system of economic openness mainly includes three important indicators: trade openness, capital openness and service openness. (1) Trade openness (i.e. foreign trade dependence) Trade openness refers to the ratio of a country's (or a province's) total foreign trade in a certain period to its regional gross domestic product (GDP). In 2003, the trade openness of Guizhou was 6.03%, while that of the whole country was 60.27%. According to international standards, whether a country or region is an open economy, if the degree of trade openness is greater than 10%, it is an open economy, and less than 10%, Guizhou is still a closed economy. Today, after more than 20 years of reform and opening up, it should be called domestic demand economy. The low degree of trade openness in Guizhou shows that foreign trade plays a small role in Guizhou's economic development and its status is low. Foreign trade is not regarded as "the engine of economic growth", and the opening-up strategy has not been implemented. Using quantitative methods, we calculated that the contribution rate of Guizhou's exports to GDP in 2003 was 2. 13%, and that of imports was10.53%, which was only equivalent to 15% of China's import trade and export trade. In 2003, China actually used 53.5 billion US dollars of foreign capital, while Guizhou only used 56 million US dollars, accounting for about 0. 1% of the national foreign capital utilization. The national capital openness is 3.8%, and that of Guizhou is 0.34%, which is equivalent to about110. From the quantitative analysis of open economics, the performance index of Guizhou's utilization of foreign capital is very small and its function is not obvious. The performance index of a province (autonomous region, municipality) in utilizing foreign capital refers to the ratio of the inflow of foreign capital in the province (autonomous region, municipality) to the inflow of foreign capital in the whole country divided by the ratio of the GDP of the province (autonomous region, municipality) to the total GDP of the whole country in a certain period. If the index value is equal to 1, it shows that the proportion of foreign capital utilization in this province (autonomous regions and municipalities) is equivalent to its proportion in the national GDP; The index is greater than 1, indicating that the province (autonomous regions and municipalities) has made great achievements in utilizing foreign capital above its GDP scale; On the contrary, the performance is small. According to the meaning of the above-mentioned performance index of foreign capital utilization, the formula of performance index of foreign capital utilization is obtained: where: k is the performance index of foreign capital utilization; Fdi refers to the inflow of foreign capital utilized by this province (autonomous region or municipality); Foreign direct investment is the domestic inflow of foreign capital; Gdp is the GDP of this province; GDP is the sum of gross national product. According to the above formula, the performance index of Guizhou in 1995 is 0. 140, ranking 23rd among all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China. 1998 Guizhou performance index is 0.089, ranking 28th; In 2003, Guizhou's performance index was 0.053, ranking 29th. It can be seen that the performance index of Guizhou's utilization of foreign capital has dropped again and again, which really deserves serious reflection! In order to analyze and study the prospect of utilizing foreign capital in Guizhou, we introduce the quantitative analysis index of open economics-the potential index of utilizing foreign capital. The so-called foreign capital utilization potential index refers to the competitiveness and potential of a province (autonomous region or municipality) to attract foreign capital in the future. Here, seven variables are selected as indicators to evaluate the potential of attracting foreign investment. They are: per capita GDP, GDP growth rate in the past 10 years, export dependence, telephone number per thousand people, per capita electricity consumption, the proportion of R&D in GDP, and the proportion of people with higher education in the total population. Through calculation, it is concluded that the potential index of attracting foreign investment in Guizhou 1995 is 0.062, ranking 29th in China, and 0.050 in 2003, ranking 3rd in China. Guizhou is a backward province in the distribution map of all state-owned provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) using foreign capital performance and potential index. Guizhou cannot be equally attractive to all industries and projects. We should identify the comparative advantages of using foreign capital in Guizhou, actively attract foreign capital suitable for Guizhou's investment environment, and improve the performance of using foreign capital and the potential of introducing foreign capital. (3) The openness of services is generally expressed as the ratio of foreign exchange income of international tourism services to its GDP, which reflects the high level of internationalization. Refers to the proportion of foreign exchange income from international tourism to GDP of a country or region in a certain period. Due to the severe impact of SARS in 2003, it can't reflect the objective reality of China's tourism development, so the index of 2002 is chosen to analyze the openness of tourism in China and Guizhou. In 2002, the foreign exchange income of international tourism reached $20.385 billion, and the openness of international tourism services was 65.438+0.65%. In the same period, Guizhou realized foreign exchange income of international tourism of 79.5 million US dollars, and the openness of international tourism services was 0.59%, which was only equivalent to 1/3 of the openness of international tourism services in China. Ranked 28th among all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China. In order to quantitatively analyze the openness of international tourism and services in Guizhou, two indicators of international tourism service rate and international tourism foreign exchange income performance index are introduced. The so-called international tourism service rate refers to the ratio of the number of employees engaged in international tourism to the number of international tourists received in a certain period of time. Due to the limitation of data availability, international tourism reception rate and per capita foreign exchange income are generally used for quantitative analysis. Taking 2002 as an example, it is calculated that the reception rate of international tourism service in China is 4 13%, that is, each employee receives more than 4 foreign tourists and the per capita income is 229,000 US dollars. In the same period, the reception rate of international tourism in Guizhou was 3 15%, that is, each employee only received 3 people, and the per capita foreign exchange earned was only 10.98 million US dollars. The performance index of foreign exchange income from international tourism of provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) refers to the ratio of foreign exchange income from international tourism to the national foreign exchange income in a certain period divided by the ratio of the gross domestic product of the province (autonomous regions and municipalities) to the national gross domestic product. The index is greater than 1, which means that the foreign exchange income of international tourism in this province (autonomous region or municipality) is more than its GDP, and its performance is excellent; On the contrary, its performance is very poor. On this basis, we calculated the performance index of international tourism foreign exchange income in different periods of 1998 and 2002 respectively. The performance index of Guizhou 1998 is 0.358, ranking 15, and in 2002 it was 0. 1739, ranking down to 22nd place, indicating that although Guizhou has certain comparative advantages in tourism resources, its tourism competitiveness is getting lower and lower due to insufficient investment and poor management. Through the quantitative and qualitative in-depth analysis of the above three main indicators of economic openness, it shows that Guizhou's economic openness is very low. According to the economics of opening to the outside world, the openness of trade must be greater than10% (only 6.03% in Guizhou in 2003 and less than 2% after revision and adjustment), and the openness of capital and services must be greater than1%(0.3% in Guizhou in 2003 and 0.55% in 2002). It can be seen that Guizhou is still not an open economy, but a closed economy. Today, China's economy is being integrated into the world economy, so we'd better call it a domestic demand-oriented economy. The so-called domestic demand economy means that economic activities and various enterprises are established to meet the needs of production and life of people of all ethnic groups in China, especially in this province, with little or no consideration given to the problem that products face the international market and realize value-added through international exchange. Therefore, the regional competitiveness and enterprise competitiveness of Guizhou economy are weak, and it is difficult for products to enter the international market and participate in international competition. Therefore, it is urgent for Guizhou Province to further implement the opening-up strategy. The third part, suggestions on further implementing the opening-up strategy in Guizhou Province. The whole province should raise awareness of the importance and urgency of further implementing the opening-up strategy, comprehensively and accurately understand the overall deployment of the provincial party Committee and the provincial government to implement the opening-up strategy, and put it into practice. Second, improving Guizhou's economic openness is the key and specific content of further implementing the opening strategy. 1. Improving trade openness means expanding the scale of foreign trade, so that the total foreign trade accounts for more than 20% of Guizhou's GDP (equivalent to more than 10% after revision and adjustment). 2. To improve the openness of capital, we should vigorously introduce foreign capital, so that the proportion of the total utilization of foreign capital in GDP will reach 1% or more. 3. To improve the openness of services is to accelerate the development of international tourism service industry, so that the foreign exchange income from international tourism accounts for more than 1% of Guizhou's GDP. Third, carefully analyze the new situation after China's entry into WTO, skillfully use WTO principles, rules, exception clauses and safeguard mechanisms, turn the opportunities after China's entry into reality, resolve risks and meet challenges. 4. Seize the development opportunities brought to Guizhou by the construction of China-ASEAN Free Trade Area as an important breakthrough for further opening up. Five, adhere to Scientific Outlook on Development, in accordance with the requirements of the "five overall plans", overall domestic and provincial economic development and opening up. Fully understand the meaning of the policy of opening to the outside world, conscientiously implement the overall deployment of the strategy of opening to the outside world and the three levels of opening to the outside world. 6. CEPA (Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement) was implemented on 1 month 1 day in 2004. We should seriously study the development opportunities and impacts it brings to Guizhou and actively explore countermeasures. Seven, fully implement the March 2004 1 1 "the State Council's opinions on further promoting the development of the western region" and the August 2003 "Guizhou provincial government's opinions on implementing some policies and measures for the development of the western region". Eight, the government should introduce relevant policies as soon as possible to support enterprises to enter the international market, participate in international competition, and carry out transnational business activities. Ninth, actively develop high-tech industries, speed up the adjustment of industrial structure, promote industrialization with informationization, upgrade industrial level and optimize the structure of export commodities. Ten, vigorously cultivate high-quality innovative foreign-related talents, to provide talent support for further implementation of the strategy of opening up.