First: the economic structure is unreasonable
1) Economic growth is mainly driven by investment
Sichuan's economy has gained rapid growth in the past ten years, and in addition to the consumption that has been increased to a certain extent, it is still mainly driven by investment, and the investment in fixed assets in 2018 amounted to 280,653,000,000,000 Yuan, of which 197,246,000,000,000 Yuan was invested in the tertiary industry . At present, the government and private debt is not low, entering the peak period of bond debt service. Rigid expenditures are increasing year by year, and only in the first three quarters of 2018, the province's debt interest payment expenditures amounted to 10.98 billion yuan. Some cities and counties have tight finances and high government debt risk, some urban commercial banks have high liquidity risk, and the capital level of some local legalized financial institutions is lower than the regulatory standard. Government stock debt repayment pressure and platform companies financing difficulties and other issues superimposed, so continue to invest to stimulate the fear of unsustainable;
2) entity economic structure is unreasonable,
Sichuan entity economy generally exists in the "light weight quality" "heavy hard light soft
The phenomenon of "weight over quality" and "hard over soft" prevails in Sichuan's real economy. Industry fragmentation, all the same bloom, in addition to electronic information, equipment manufacturing, food and beverage, advanced materials, energy and chemical industries as a pillar industry, and put forward integrated circuits and new displays, a new generation of network technology, big data, software and information services, aviation and combustion engines, intelligent equipment, rail transportation, new energy and intelligent automobiles, agricultural products, deep processing, high-quality white wine, refined Sichuan tea, medicine and health, New materials, clean energy, green chemical industry, energy saving and environmental protection and other 16 key industries cultivation program, greedy for big, scattered power, development without focus, no highlights. At the same time the well-known brands are also less, formerly known throughout the country Changhong TV, gradually declined, leaving only a few bottles of liquor is still struggling, but in the Moutai as the head of Guizhou wine under the pressure, but also out of power.
Second: the spatial structure is too concentrated
Sichuan's economic concentration is too high, Chengdu, a place of more than 1534.2 billion, accounting for the proportion of the province is close to 40%, in the major economic provinces (not counting Ningxia, Qinghai, Tibet, etc.), Chengdu accounted for the highest proportion of the province, and ranked second in the GDP of Mianyang is only 230.3 billion, only Chengdu's one-seventh of the city in the country ranked Going after 100th place. Compared with Hubei, which has the same problem, although Wuhan's share is about the same as Chengdu's, Sichuan's population and area are substantially ahead, while Xiangyang and Yichang's GDP exceeds 400 billion, and their ratio to Wuhan is about one-third or more, so Sichuan's economic concentration is even more serious than Hubei's, and even more unbalanced. Sichuan as a large province, no matter how to develop, rely only on Chengdu is not able to drive the development of the province.
Third: insufficient cultivation of new kinetic energy
In 2018, there were 4,200 high-tech enterprises in Sichuan, which ranked about 10th, only one-tenth of that of Guangdong Province, and even lagged behind provinces and cities such as Anhui, Hubei and Tianjin. The scale of Sichuan's digital economy is 1.09 trillion yuan, ranking 10th in the country, and there are still a lot of gaps when comparing with coastal provinces such as Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Guangdong. Shenzhen has established a collaborative innovation model combining the six dimensions of "government, industry, academia, research, capital and media", and fostered new research and development institutions such as the Guangqi Institute of Advanced Science and Technology and the Huada Gene Research Institute. Sichuan enterprises and universities, research institutes to carry out the proportion of innovation cooperation is only 10.5%, enterprise-oriented, industry-university-research combination of industrial technology innovation system has not yet been formed, and in the powerful role of capital, the province's colleges and universities part of the patents were purchased by the coastal areas, there is a "blossom inside the wall, outside the wall" problem. Many places in the new kinetic energy cultivation on the existence of limitations, will be simply equated with some of the scale of expansion of new industries, but also to take the traditional grasp of the industry approach, to the policy, to the funds, to the elements, resulting in some of the new industries due to excessive cultivation and overcapacity and excessive competition.
Fourth: the economic foundation is not strong
1) local state-owned economy is not strong
Sichuan state-owned economic competitiveness is not strong, 60% of the local state-owned assets are concentrated in the basic industries such as transportation, energy, construction, and the incremental layout of the concentration of the field to tourism, finance, recreation and health care piled up. Enterprise mixed ownership reform is relatively lagging behind, state-owned enterprises have not yet realized the transformation from operating industries to capital operation, the group level of wholly state-owned companies accounted for 75%, the amplification function of state-owned capital has not been fully embodied, the innovation ability is not strong, low investment in research and development.
2) private enterprises do not live
Sichuan private enterprises do not transformation and upgrading slower, less innovative. From the number of leading enterprises, the number of private leading enterprises in Sichuan shortlisted in the national top 500 has been decreasing, from 18 in 2011 to 10 in 2017, and its ranking in the country has dropped from the 6th to the 13th. The private economy is still dominated by the secondary industry, with the tertiary industry accounting for a relatively low percentage and mainly focusing on the low-end living service industry. In the field of new economy, there is only one unicorn enterprise in Sichuan's private economy. There is a lack of well-known enterprise brands, according to the 2017 Hurun Brand List ranking, the 107 most valuable Chinese private brands on the list, none of the enterprises in Sichuan on the list.
Six: Sichuan's economic development proposals
First: clear focus on the development of industry
Sichuan has been taking the road of big and comprehensive industry, look at the following documents (the General Office of the Sichuan Provincial People's Government published the "Guidance on Optimizing the Regional Industrial Layout" [2018] No. 92) excerpts:
Article 3: Implementation of the main functional area planning, the development and growth of 5 trillion pillar industries such as electronic information, equipment manufacturing, food and beverage, advanced materials, energy and chemical industry, focus on cultivating emerging industries with core competitiveness such as new energy vehicles, energy conservation and environmental protection, biomedicine, rail transportation, and power and energy storage batteries, and vigorously develop the digital industry such as big data, artificial intelligence, and the fifth-generation mobile communication, so as to build a modern industrial system with distinctive characteristics, centralized layout, and perfect support
Fourth
Article 4: focus on building four world-class industrial clusters of new-generation information technology, high-end equipment manufacturing, high-quality liquor, vanadium and titanium new materials, and fostering domestic leading industrial clusters of integrated circuits, new types of displays, information security, aviation and aerospace, clean power generation equipment, new energy vehicles, energy-saving and environmental protection, rail transportation, biomedicine, green food,
Article 5: support nuclear energy equipment and nuclear technology application, aviation machine, aviation engine, aerospace and satellite applications, military electronic equipment, information security, integrated circuits, high-end materials, big data and artificial intelligence, drones and other advantageous areas; support the development of the development of various characteristics of the agricultural products processing industry, giving priority to the development of famous liquor, meat food, grain and oil, textile and clothing, tobacco, tea, traditional Chinese medicinal herbs and other hundred-billion-dollar industries, and so on.
The above so-called industrial planning I see is almost the industry can think of are listed again, no focus on what is said, can not talk about industrial guidance. Combined with the existing advantages of Sichuan's industrial base and resources, Sichuan is a major agricultural province, but the province's high plateau, mountains and hills, but developed animal husbandry, fruit/specialty/herbal medicine, etc., so there is a lot of potential for agriculture, it is recommended that Sichuan focus on the development of the industry for agriculture and the food industry (including grains, meat, fruit processing, wine, vinegar, oil), followed by relying on the Southwest and Northeast Sichuan's hydroelectricity, natural gas and minerals, the development of new materials and chemicals, and again, the development of new materials and chemicals, and the development of new materials. Development of new materials and chemicals, again high-end equipment manufacturing; electronic information industry/automobile, etc. is not appropriate as a key industry;
Second: clear focus on the development of the region
In the General Office of the Sichuan Provincial People's Government published the "Guidance on Optimizing the Regional Industrial Layout" [2018] No. 92), which explicitly put forward the 'one-stem, multi-support, five-region synergy ', a trunk refers to Chengdu, multi-branch refers to cities other than Chengdu, five districts are Chengdu peripheral area, northeast Sichuan, southwest Sichuan, southeast Sichuan, west Sichuan, etc., in the end this is still no novelty full bloom, something is equal to nothing. In the case of limited investment, high debt, comprehensive construction is impossible, must choose other key areas of development.
Between Sichuan and Southwest China's situation, and the need to build into the Yu city cluster, must be highlighted in the Chengdu this 'dry' outside, suggesting that Zigong and Neijiang Jianggong economic zone, Nanchong and Suining South Sui economic zone, composed of two 'support' ( One stem and two branches), Jianggong Economic Zone mainly develops machinery and equipment, material processing, pharmaceutical and chemical industries, while South Suining Economic Zone mainly develops food processing, textile (silk, hemp, etc.), specialty industries, etc., while Chengdu (including Deyang and Mianyang) mainly develops electronic information, software and Internet, finance, tourism and other industries.
Third: focus on integration, coordinated development
Industrial planning mentioned earlier, nominally integrated, the actual dispersion, must be from the height of the province, or even the southwest or the height of the country for the overall consideration and planning, for example, with the improvement of transportation in Sichuan, the tourism industry is developing well, but compared with other places (eg, Guizhou), it is too slow, last year, the number of tourists in Guizhou and income Compared to Sichuan, although there is still a gap, but the gap is quite small, taking into account the population of the two provinces, the area, the number of tourist attractions and GDP income, the development of tourism in Sichuan is simply not worth mentioning. Sichuan should coordinate the development of natural tourism resources in western Sichuan (Aden, Gongga Mountain, Jiuzhaigou, Huanglong, etc.) and northern Sichuan (Mt. Micang, Tangjiahe, Lake Bailong, Mt. Guangwu, etc.), create a line of Chengdu-Jiangyou-Jianmengguan-Langzhong-Guangyuan (Zhaohua)-Hanzhong line of historical tourism resources, and develop the two tourism nodes of Chengdu and Guangyuan, and the tourism of Sichuan can be up a few notches.
Fourth: civil-military integration
In the early third-line construction, Sichuan moved into a large number of military enterprises, the integration of military and civilian enterprises is a point of reflection on the development of the Sichuan industry, if a good integration, it will be possible to produce a number of new enterprises and products, and in the past development, has achieved good results, such as aerospace, rail transportation, artificial intelligence, drones and other industries have been Very good foundation, the government should further explore the road of civil-military integration and remove obstacles.
Fifth: improve the new kinetic energy, tap new opportunities
1) make full use of intellectual resources
Sichuan is a large education province, many colleges and universities, rich in talent resources, so Sichuan should increase innovation, strengthen the combination of schools and enterprises, looking for new kinetic energy and new opportunities, the implementation of the Internet +, Internet of Things, intelligent manufacturing policy;
2) increase investment efforts
Increase investment promotion efforts by combining Sichuan's economic foundation and industrial advantages. In fact, Chengdu has done a good job in this regard, with strong investment promotion capabilities, and is not at all behind in the investment competition with Chongqing and Wuhan. But in addition to Chengdu outside the city and state, it is difficult to hear the sound of investment.
If we can make full use of Sichuan's demographic advantages, energy advantages, resource advantages, educational advantages, coupled with the economic foundation, tourism resources, co-ordination, and increase innovation, Sichuan's economic prospects can be expected.