The social situation reflected by the material 1 can be understood as two different aspects. First of all, from the perspective of time span, the first material describes the trend of population growth and city number increase in Europe and America from the middle of19th century to the beginning of 20th century. This reflects the social development at that time, especially under the influence of the industrial revolution, the productivity has been significantly improved, thus promoting the rapid growth of the population.

Secondly, from the specific content, Material One reveals the serious problem of polarization between the rich and the poor in capitalist countries. This reflects the social and economic situation at that time, that is, the uneven distribution of wealth and class differentiation under the capitalist system.

Therefore, the social situation reflected by the material 1 can be summarized as:1From the middle of the 9th century to the beginning of the 20th century, driven by the industrial revolution, the population of Europe and America grew rapidly, and there was a serious problem of polarization between the rich and the poor.

At the same time, the material 1 also reflects the serious polarization between the rich and the poor in Europe and America at that time. This is due to the lack of state intervention and guidance in the economy and the lack of social security system, which leads to the inequality of social and economic conditions.

Current social situation

Today's social situation presents a trend of diversification, complexity and globalization, which is manifested in changes and challenges in science and technology, economy, society, culture and environment. First of all, the development of science and technology is changing with each passing day. The progress in the fields of Internet, artificial intelligence, big data and biotechnology has brought great convenience and development opportunities to human society, but it has also caused problems such as information security, privacy protection and ethics.

Secondly, the trend of economic globalization has strengthened, international trade, investment and financial markets have become more closely linked, and the rise of emerging economies has injected new impetus into global economic growth. However, it also brings economic instability, financial risks and employment pressure.

On the social front, the trend of aging population, changing family structure and improving education level puts forward higher requirements for public services such as social security, medical care and education. At the same time, social differentiation, the gap between the rich and the poor, and immigration problems have also aggravated social uncertainty and contradictions.