According to the White Paper on China's Digital Economy Development (2020) released by the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology (CAICT), the scale of China's digital economy value-added reached 35.8 trillion yuan in 2019, accounting for a proportion of 36.2% of GDP, and according to the comparable caliber calculation, China's digital economy in 2019 grew by 15.6% in nominal terms, which was higher than the nominal growth rate of GDP in the same period by about 7.85 percentage points. The white paper shows that the penetration rate of the digital economy in the service sector, industry and agriculture is 37.8%, 19.5% and 8.2% respectively.
The construction industry, a pillar industry of the national economy, accounted for 7.16% of GDP in 2019, but the overall digitization of construction is low. According to "China in the Digital Age: Building a Globally Competitive New Economy," published by McKinsey Global Institute in December 2017, China's construction industry is one of the least digitized industries. Also according to the China Construction Association, China's construction informatization investment in the total output value of the construction industry accounted for only 0.08%, compared with 1% in developed countries in Europe and the United States.
Obviously, accelerating the digitization process of the construction industry is of great significance in promoting the further development and growth of the digital economy. Below, we are based on the present, sorting out the current situation of digitization in the construction industry, and looking forward to the future of digitization in the construction industry.
Emancipating hands and arming the brain, the construction industry digitization has gone through the stage
Emancipating hands stage, that is, the designers dumped the drawing board and the budget costing personnel to throw away the calculator. From the nineties of last century, the construction industry were "dumping board project" and "costing quantitative computerization" of the two key actions, they are computer software to replace the manual operation, reduce the misuse of the operation, to enhance the operation of the post of productivity, the operation layer of the post. Through the operation of the digitalization of the layer to the subsequent management of digitalization laid the foundation. At this stage, the field of construction digitization can not be born less influential enterprises, such as PKPM, Quanta, Swire, Tianzheng, are born in this context of the enterprise.
Armed brain stage, that is, through the informationization of management, to help construction enterprises to enhance the efficiency of internal collaboration. The informatization of management mainly started after the millennium, electronic bidding system, construction site management system, knowledge management system, decision support system and many other management systems have been introduced one after another, to varying degrees, to improve the construction enterprise personnel intensive, high degree of dispersion, information dispersion, low level of utilization of information and other issues, and greatly enhance the management level of construction enterprises. 2000, the new CU software acquisition of Hangzhou Tianhe
On the other hand, we have a lot of experience in the field of software development and management.
BIM boom, construction digitization from internal collaboration to industrial collaboration
The landing application of BIM, not only to realize the enterprise departments of information technology through, but also through the industry chain of different divisions of the enterprise information, which is identical to the concept of industrial Internet.
At present, the digital construction of some large-scale construction enterprises from the heavy internal process management, further oriented to industrial synergistic transformation. Industrial synergy, on the one hand, thanks to the promotion of the Ministry of Housing and Construction. The Ministry of Housing and Construction put forward by the end of 2020, the construction industry, grade A survey, design units, as well as special, first-class housing and building construction enterprises should master and realize the BIM and enterprise management system and other information technology integration and integrated application. Industrial synergy, on the other hand, stems from the needs of the enterprise's own development. China Construction Yunzhu.com, China Railway Luban.com, Shanghai Construction Engineering Builders, are all through the digitalization of the supply chain, to open up the upstream and downstream enterprises. The use of supply chain digital synergy to reduce costs and increase efficiency has become a large construction enterprises **** knowledge.
Supply chain digitization, a typical application scenario of industrial collaboration in the construction industry
The digitization of the supply chain can help companies manage multiple off-site projects and improve management efficiency. The construction industry is characterized by decentralized project construction sites, high value chain dispersion, and short project cycles, resulting in high supply chain costs. Usually, the construction cycle of a construction project ranges from a few months to a few years, and during the construction period, it is necessary to build suppliers of steel and other main materials, various types of flooring suppliers, and subcontracting partners. When expanding projects in different places, the original supply system has a low degree of reuse, and needs to be reconstructed. Taking Yunzhu.com as an example, China Construction and other purchasing units of Yunzhu.com can ****enjoy the platform of 360,000 suppliers, which can reduce the cycle of searching for sources and purchasing costs of construction enterprises, and at the same time enhance the service capacity of suppliers and logistics parties through the efficiency of the scale of localization and the efficiency of the whole industry chain synergy.
Supply chain digitization, can help enterprises reduce efficiency gains. According to data released by the China Construction Association, the average net interest rate of Chinese construction enterprises is about 3.5%. In the project cost of construction, procurement costs (including materials, labor, machinery and equipment, etc.) account for about 80% of the overall cost, which is an important part of the project cost. In recent years, large construction companies have implemented B2B procurement platforms to reduce the cost of procurement and improve the efficiency of procurement through digital means. According to incomplete estimates, after the implementation of supply chain digitization, the average procurement cost reduction of about 1% to 3% or so, and procurement costs for each 1% reduction in profitability will increase by 5%, which is important for the construction industry with low net interest rates.
Supply chain digitization, can solve the problem of difficult financing and high financing costs of construction enterprises. In the traditional supply chain finance field, warehouse receipt financing and mortgage financing are more common, the financing is difficult, the financing cycle is long, and the cost of financing is high. The alliance chain of Nomad Technology uplinks the data of construction procurement, contracts and bills to realize the value transfer, which on the one hand solves the problem of suppliers' trust in the supply chain platform, and on the other hand facilitates the supply chain data and the data of the gold service institutions to **** enjoy and facilitate the implantation of the supply chain financial services by the platform enterprises. The "building chain Zhirong" of the building collection uses blockchain technology to chain data for certification, helping the supply chain data of construction enterprises to realize the transfer of data from the core enterprise to the logistics provider and suppliers, and the amount of financing through the platform is more than 1 billion yuan.
The digitization of the supply chain plays an important role in social governance. By the impact of the public **** health incidents, the first quarter of this year, the entire population to open the "home squatting" mode, all kinds of materials in short supply, construction projects, the supply chain is also facing the risk of rupture. From the industrial level, a comprehensive grasp of the supplier's geographic location, inventory reserves and production capacity, upstream and downstream, and natural disasters and transportation dynamic data linkage, can help enterprises to establish a pre-prepared plan, but also to ensure the smooth implementation of the construction of major national projects. At the beginning of the year, Wuhan Thunder Mountain and Vulcan Mountain two hospitals in the epidemic during the rapid completion of the "China speed" once again let the global attention, behind the supply chain digitization is also great.
Supply chain digitization is the basis for industrial collaboration in the construction industry. In the early days, construction companies to bidding procurement system online, to solve the online to online transformation, but the number and quality of suppliers still can not make the procurement efficiency maximization, procurement cost optimization. It has become an inevitable trend for single-enterprise-based bidding and procurement systems to evolve into industrial collective procurement platforms. Multiple buyers (builders) stationed on the platform, enterprises *** enjoy suppliers, *** enjoy material information, *** enjoy logistics providers, bulk material procurement prying sporadic MRO, supply chain finance and other more scenarios of enterprise services, forming a set of industry chain collaboration platform, the use of digital means to transform the suppliers, logistics companies, financial service institutions, to solve the industrial chain of enterprise business process of material flow, capital flow, information transfer and other issues. and information transfer in the operation process of industrial chain enterprises. The construction of the cloud building network, Nantong Sanjian investment in the building set of mining, steel e-commerce Lange set of mining platform is the construction industry industry industry set of mining platform practitioners.
Construction digital construction, can not blindly put the satellite, to be pragmatic
Digital construction usually has three stages, namely, the post and departmental digitalization, internal collaborative digitization and industrial digital synergy in three stages. In the post and departmental digitization stage, the basic solution is the digitization of the operating layer, in the enterprise internal collaborative digitization, the main solution is the digitization of enterprise management, the two stages of the digital application of the enterprise internal applications, product selection is more flexible; industrial digital synergy stage depends on the ecological construction of the industry chain and the interconnection of resources within the enterprise, the constraints are relatively large.
Here we talk about the four ways of building digital construction.
First, with the mature ISV (independent software developers) cooperation, to buy mature products, the benefits of this fast, relatively low cost, the disadvantage is that the autonomy of the enterprise is weak, the product and the enterprise's degree of fit is low, this way is more suitable for small and medium-sized construction enterprises.
The second, with the development team to customize the software, so that the benefits are customized on the basis of semi-finished products, the development cycle is fast, the cost is moderate, the disadvantage is that the enterprise usually does not have a complete intellectual property rights, is more suitable for large and medium-sized construction enterprises, the refinement of the digitalization of the higher requirements of the enterprise.
Third, self-built team development, the benefits of such a digital construction and business processes and management of the fit is high, the enterprise has a complete intellectual property rights, the disadvantage is that the development cost is high, the development cycle is long, and the need for mature IT management capabilities, is more suitable for large-scale construction companies or their independent technology companies, according to which you can build their own digital ecosystem, and external output.
The fourth, strong combination, group building platform. Similar to the Nantong two construction, Nantong four construction and Longxin construction and other enterprises alliance, *** build supply chain digital platform. The advantage of this is that the resources *** enjoy, can quickly build ecological, the disadvantage is that the model design is difficult, the need for a strong core business to lead the responsibility.
In the implementation of digital construction, usually a mix of four ways, such as a high degree of standardization of financial software, project management software can be directly purchased, but the supply chain of materials or labor supply chain, a high degree of personalization you can choose to customize the development, or self-constructed team to develop, specifically based on the business to assess and then determine the way to build.
Construction digitization can not blindly put satellite, should be pragmatic. A level of construction enterprises, annual output value of 2 billion, in addition to the Ministry of Finance has software, other internal management are using QQ, WeChat for information transfer and data **** enjoy. A one-level enterprise in the same region, set up its own software R & D team for the development of enterprise management software, the digital process and standardization has a deep knowledge. We note that some of the leading construction companies have landed in the promotion of BIM and the construction of intelligent site, but most construction companies are still walking from 0 to 1 of the digital construction of digital construction, digital construction, can not blindly compare, chaotic targeting satellite, should be pragmatic, oriented towards the operation of the profitability and management of the efficiency of the starting point, steady and steady, step by step to promote.
This year, the central proposed to promote the construction of new infrastructure and promote the development of the digital economy of the major deployments, the digitalization of the construction industry should be closely integrated with the central deployment. The core of the new infrastructure part of the industrial Internet is the digitalization of the supply chain, the supply chain is known as the nervous system of the industry, the importance of which is self-evident. The digitization of the construction industry needs to be issued from the supply chain digitization, on the one hand, to promote the supply-side reform of the construction industry, on the one hand, to help enterprises reduce costs and increase efficiency, improve productivity, on the one hand, to promote industrial synergism***sharing, to connect the whole industrial chain, and to integrate into the tide of the digital economy.