This problem is a puzzle that every beginner who studies programming will encounter. Here, I express my personal views for reference only: 1. Every program has its own development process, and no program is omnipotent. For example, we all know C language. The original intention of developing C is to let programmers get rid of the original assembly environment and control the memory address in the high-level language environment, so C language is superior in the bottom operation. For example, PASCAL is intended for teaching in programming, so the grammatical structure of PASCAL is very strict; For example, Fortran language was originally developed for engineering calculation, so its mathematical logic engineering logic function module is quite powerful, and so on ... There are also some database programming languages, such as SQL and PB, whose database functions are also quite powerful. Because of the market share of Microsoft products, people prefer SQL language because of its wider application, but some friends will choose other types of database programming languages based on some other ideas. Explanatory language, as the language of B/S development mode, is also divided according to its market share. Generally speaking, the higher the market share, the richer its library, and the easier it is for us to operate. Therefore, in the popular language of application software development, we generally believe that with a high market share, there will be more job opportunities waiting for us; And some development languages with slightly lower market share (with their own characteristics) have fewer natural job opportunities, but the pay is relatively high, and things are rare! 3. Language choice

If you write a program that requires strict performance or is closely integrated with the operating system, you must choose C.

If you write a program that can be used everywhere, choose Java.

If you write a big program, try to use scripting languages such as Python and Ruby if possible, and then use Java and C if it fails. Because scripting languages bring productivity.

Write a text processor in Perl or Ruby.

Prolog is used to write knowledge processing programs.

Write the most flexible and fuzzy program with Lisp.

Writing office program with vba.

To write server-side programs, PHP, CGI (written in languages you are familiar with, such as Perl, Python and Ruby), ASP and JSP (used if you are familiar with Java) are all options.

Write database program with vb or delphi.

If you want to pursue performance and program ability and give full play to the ability of operating system, it is more appropriate to use C/C++ language. Use VC in Windows environment and gcc in Unix-like environment.

If you don't pursue the perfect combination with the operating system and only pursue performance and cross-platform, you still choose C, but you can choose cross-platform libraries, such as qt, gtk, fox and wxWindows. If you want to write a game, there is another cross-platform option: SDL.

If you are not satisfied with the disunity of standards in the field of C, the fallibility of C, and the incomplete object-oriented features of C, if you don't care about cross-platform, you can choose C# on Windows platform and CoCo on maC platform. If you need cross-platform, you can choose Java.

If you need cross-platform and extensive support, choose Java.

Under Unix-like environment, Perl is the most convenient tool language, which has strong community and code base support.

Python and Ruby are better choices if they are just tool languages for simple applications. They have good cross-platform portability and are widely used. Python is more suitable for entry and communication, and long-term use is also beneficial. Ruby is another dissatisfied choice with Python, which provides many extra functions.

If you want to choose an embedded language of a program, there used to be Lisp, Basic and Java, and now you can also choose Python and Ruby.

If you want to explain the execution language dynamically and don't want to learn other languages, the choice of C programmer is pike, and the choice of Java programmer is beanshell.

On the Java platform, if you want to use scripting language, you can use Python.

The most orthodox document-based language or dynamic page language is JavaScript.

The most professional server-side language is PHP, but there are many other options.

XUL is the most famous XML language, and dtml is one of them. You can also use XML as your own special language. For example, jedit uses XML as a schema customization language. XML language is an advanced trend, which is more efficient than existing languages in special fields.

To find an easy-to-implement language, Lisp and Tcl are the best choices.

Lisp's ability and freedom to integrate data and programs are not available in other languages. Now Lisp has a modern version: REBOL.

Prolog and Clips are inevitable if fact-based programming is needed. In fact, in the end, everyone may be confused, because I am also confused (don't throw me! who is it? Why are there eggs? ! *-%# *), but only a simple truth is needed: what direction to choose (database, application software, underlying development, etc. ) depends on what we are interested in and what we are intimate with; Choosing the right direction depends on the market share, the company's development prospects, the profit return we need and other factors (but as a similar language, real programmers can cross this platform well, which means you'd better not just learn one language)! 5. If you want to make money, learn rapid development tools such as Java C# VB;

Want to make money, want to engage in technology, learn languages like C++;

If you want to develop a system, you should learn from hardware and assembly bit by bit.