The four common ways of data collection include questionnaire survey, access to information, fieldwork, and experimentation, and several methods have their own and disadvantages, which are analyzed as follows.

One is questionnaire survey. Questionnaire survey is one of the most commonly used methods of data collection, because it is relatively low cost, and the information obtained will be more comprehensive. But the answers obtained from questionnaires are usually untargeted, which means that the data collected from questionnaires should be further analyzed. And in the past, questionnaire survey promotion time will be slower, because it is very labor-intensive. But now there are many questionnaire survey websites on the Internet, if the data is collected through the questionnaire survey website, then it will be more convenient and fast. So the questionnaire survey is easy to operate, the disadvantage is that the data is not targeted to get deep data.

The second is to check the information. Access to information is the oldest way of data collection, by consulting books, records and other information to get the data they want. In this process of data collection, there is supposed to be screening and analyzing, that is to say, the data obtained by consulting the information, relatively speaking, may be closer to the results you want to get. Nowadays, whether it is the library or the Internet query, are very convenient, to access the data to provide a very good environment. The disadvantage of access to information is that the operator's requirements are very high, and now the information is cumbersome half true and half false, you need to have a high degree of judgment.

Third is fieldwork. Fieldwork is to go to a designated place to do research . refers to understand the truth of a thing, the momentum of the development process, and go to the field for intuitive, localized and detailed investigation. In the course of the study, it is necessary to analyze the phenomena you observe at any time and try to grasp the characteristics of the object of study. This way of collecting data is more time-consuming and labor-intensive, and also requires the cooperation of everyone. The advantage of this way of collecting data is that you can get first-hand information at the first time, and the disadvantage is that you may not be able to achieve the goal you want, because the variables in the inspection process are also very large.

Fourth is the experiment. Experimental design data is the most time-consuming of the four methods, because it is through a variety of experiments to get a unified direction, that is to say, in the process, there may be countless failures. But the data obtained from experiments is the most accurate, and it may push the progress of a certain industry. So, experiments to collect data has the advantage of high accuracy of data, and his disadvantage is the great unknown, no matter the period of the experiment or the results of the experiment are uncertain.

With the development of science and technology and the advent of the era of big data, it is easier and easier to collect data, and everyone should pay more attention to the protection and utilization of data.