With the continuous penetration of science and technology in various fields of society, it has brought great changes to people's lives, among which, the extensive use of modern electronic information technology represented by big data technology has brought people into the "big data era". In this paper, the application of big data technology in the field of e-government as the content of the study, in the analysis of the characteristics of big data technology on the basis of the practical application of this technology in the field of e-government to be introduced, so as to enable people to more y understand the big data technology.
In recent years, China has made remarkable achievements in the field of computer network technology research, big data technology, cloud computing technology, Internet of Things technology has been widely used in various fields of society. In this process, in order to improve the efficiency of government departments, big data technology as the core of the e-government system came into being, and, integrated into the big data technology e-government system in the data acquisition, processing, analysis and other aspects of the efficiency of the significant increase in the government's work to lay the foundation for the efficient development of the relevant work.
1, the characteristics of big data technology overview
Compared with traditional data processing technology, the main characteristics of big data technology include the following four aspects:
(1) big data technology involves a huge amount of data, in the rapid development of the computer network today, the digital information on the network presents a geometric exponential growth trend, after a certain period of time, this amount of data will reach a staggering amount of data.
(2) Big Data technology involves many types of data, in addition to the common text, sound, images, audio and other data, including some special file forms, and, different types of file forms of its role naturally there are obvious differences.
(3) Big Data technology has a faster data processing number of degrees, with the use of distributed computer technology, in the shortest possible time to complete a certain scale of data processing tasks, and, ultimately, the results are effective.
(4) The data processed by big data technology, although the data density is low, but when the lower density of the data is collected together, through scientific data processing and analysis methods, from the scattered data to find useful information, and the value of the information for in-depth mining.
2, the key to big data technology
The so-called big data, refers to a short period of time through the way of network sniffing, rapid collection of various types of network data, and in the relevant data to obtain valuable information. The realization of big data technology requires large-scale parallel processing database technology, data mining technology, distributed database technology, cloud computing infrastructure platform and other technologies, in order to better study the big data technology, its key technologies should be analyzed in depth.
2.1 Large-scale parallel processing database technology
In order to ensure the storage and processing of huge data in big data technology, it is necessary to utilize large-scale parallel processing database technology for cluster management of relevant data. This technology can be the fastest speed of data processing commands accordingly, and has a low latency read and write speed, and, in the cloud computing platform, the cost of large-scale parallel processing database is relatively low, in the normal course of work, to achieve multiple copies of the fault detection and transfer mechanism, in the long working hours, the chance of failure is low.
2.2 Distributed database technology
The so-called distributed database technology, which is different from the form of cloud storage database, he is the use of the Internet's spatial characteristics, the physical space is relatively independent of the storage unit for the connection, through certain algorithms for the logical unity, the formation of a large-scale database, and has a high capacity for data processing and data storage capacity.
From the beginning to the end of the process, the database can be used to store data.
From the point of view of information security analysis, this distributed database technology can realize the effective protection of data resources, even if there is a large-scale computer virus, based on the advantages of distributed data storage, related to the impact of viruses on some computers, and can not be all the data in the computer to cause devastating damage.
2.3 Distributed storage technology
In the practical application of big data technology, in order to meet the user's needs for a certain scale of data storage, it makes full use of the distributed storage technology has the advantage of vertical and horizontal expansion, the data will be divided and stored with multiple servers, storage devices, thereby effectively reducing the pressure of a single memory data storage, and, this distributed storage technology, but also to achieve a more efficient and effective use of data storage. Distributed storage technology, but also to achieve the availability of the system, improve reliability, as well as to ensure high-speed data access.
2.4 Cloud Computing Technology
For big data technology, in order to achieve a certain scale of data collection, analysis and processing capabilities, the full use of cloud computing technology to build the platform, thus laying a solid hardware foundation for the application of big data technology. Based on the traditional storage technology in the speed, space on the limited, can not provide enough support for big data technology, cloud computing technology will be the traditional computer storage, computing functions transferred to the cloud, in a more efficient way, for the expansion of big data technology in many fields to provide a reliable technology platform.
3, big data technology in the field of e-government
Based on the many advantages of big data technology, in the field of e-commerce, big data technology is mainly used to analyze the website data, the construction of the social integrity system, information **** enjoyment platform and e-government system.
3.1 Big data analysis of government websites supported by big data technology
In order to accurately grasp the browsing situation of the website, most of the websites will analyze the data of the user's daily browsing situation, and the relevant elements of the analysis include the path of the user's visit, the residence time of different web pages, and the specific time of the web page browsing, etc. Through the research of the above elements, it is possible to accurately analyze the user's needs and habits, and to analyze the users' needs and habits, as well as to analyze the user's behavior. Through the study of the above elements, we can accurately analyze the user's needs and habits, and provide guiding opinions on the specific adjustments of the website defects in the later stage.
Taking a government website as an example, due to the irrational design of the webpage, so that when the user opens a certain page, it is in a long-term waiting state, so that the actual number of times the user browses this webpage will be 0. In response to this situation, the website manager analyzes the webpage browsing situation in a certain period of time, and due to a certain period of time to browse the website the number of users is large, and the related elements are multiplied, so, the website manager can analyze the webpage browsing situation in a certain period of time, and the related elements are multiplied. Due to the large number of users browsing the website in a certain period, and the related elements multiply, so, in the process of processing the above information, big data technology is used. For the data of large discrepancies in the number of visits to the web page, it is necessary to carry out in-depth analysis, after excluding the linkability of the web page, check the relevant information in the web page, but to ensure that the information in the web page is reliable and safe.
Through the large amount of information left behind by users browsing the website, the website party can store user information in the database and use big data technology to classify the relevant information, so as to realize the precise delivery of website information to users. And, after big data processing data information, gradually become an important basis for government administrative decision-making, and can to a certain extent to ensure the effectiveness and scientific administrative decision-making.
3.2 Credit platform construction with big data technology support
In order to better grasp the credit information of residents and establish a credit database for individuals, it is necessary to use big data technology as a basis to collect the credit information of the residents that the relevant departments have, and make comparisons and integrations through the big data technology to come up with an accurate personal credit situation. For example, in the process of purchasing a home loan, commercial banks often need users to provide a "personal credit file", in the "personal credit file", including not only the user's basic identity information, but also includes the user in all financial institutions for a variety of credit cards, as well as whether there is a bad credit record, etc., the existence of this information means that the government and financial institutions to achieve the core of big data technology between the information **** enjoyment, big data technology, the information **** enjoyment, big data technology, the information **** enjoyment. The existence of such information means that the government agencies and financial institutions have realized the information **** enjoyment with big data technology as the core, through the comparison of user identity information, the credit information belonging to the same user will be integrated, and re-stored in the database.
The construction of the credit platform for governmental behavior is aimed at grasping the user's personal integrity information and providing data support for the governmental services based on personal behavior, and combating the long-standing phenomenon of old scoundrels in the society. The credit platform construction with big data technology support can realize the continuous strengthening of the moral integrity system within the society and promote the improvement of social morality.
3.3 Big data exchange **** enjoyment platform and e-government
With the increasing number of government departments, relying only on manual data collection, classification, integration, processing and other work is not only inefficient, slow, and prone to human error, the results of the data of the human factor is greater. In this case, relying on the advantages of big data technology in the collection and processing of multiple data, as well as computer network technology under the construction of the information **** enjoyment platform, can help the government through the network to obtain the relevant data in all areas of society, and the effective integration of data resources, the formation of a huge database resources.
However, for the database, only to be utilized to reflect its value, in this case, the government departments make full use of the advantages of the big data exchange **** enjoyment platform, the establishment of the government as the center of the basic social database, for the government to carry out the relevant work to provide horizontal and vertical information of the full range of **** enjoyment. In terms of inter-regional government exchanges, the big data exchange platform can break through the spatial limitations of traditional government work, and thus promote the business development of cross-regional government departments under the integration of information resources and exchanges.
In order to better utilize the advantages of e-government, in the construction of the big data exchange***sharing platform, it is necessary to improve the information resource catalog system of the platform, formulate the unified big data exchange***sharing platform use standard among governments, and regulate the various behaviors of the government in the use of the big data exchange***sharing platform in order to realize the reasonable and efficient use of data resources. Therefore, the use of big data exchange *** enjoyment platform, not only facilitates the work of the government, but also promotes the social management work in an orderly manner, the stability of the social environment can be realized.
3.4 Big data technology in e-government decision-making system
In the actual use of the process, big data technology is not just a simple collection of multiple data, integration, analysis, processing, for the use of big data technology, the value of large data is also able to assist the government decision-making.
The use of computer software technology, through the huge data in the data screening, analysis, after computer software processing, can get more accurate results, government departments based on this result, you can complete a series of government decision-making, thus realizing the rapid improvement of the efficiency of the government.
For example, in terms of municipal construction, for the problem of traffic congestion within the city, you can take advantage of the big data information provided by the transportation system for a long time, to understand the main sections of traffic congestion in the city, time, and in the support of the huge data information, through the modeling approach, to take a variety of ways to deal with traffic congestion, and the use of big data technology on the actual effectiveness of each method of comprehensive assessment, and ultimately choose the most effective way to deal with the problem. The most effective way to solve traffic jams will be selected.
For the objectivity and accuracy of government decision-making, the use of big data technology to assist in decision-making has great advantages, but, based on the lack of human emotional factors involved in big data technology, so that the relevant decision-making is not able to fully highlight the "people-oriented" concept of the government, so the government departments should be careful about big data technology, the use of big data technology in e-government decision-making, the use of big data technology in e-government decision-making. Therefore, government departments should be cautious about e-government decision-making under big data technology, and make the best decision-making choices according to the actual situation of the relevant content.
4, big data technology in the e-government application of shortcomings analysis
Through the local government e-government system of the actual use of the survey found that, even in China's rapid development of electronic information technology, most of the regional government in the construction of e-government system is still inadequate, even if the implementation of e-government management of the region, government departments of the actual use of big data technology, the government of the e-government system is still inadequate, and even if the implementation of e-government management of the region, the government of the actual use of big data technology. Government departments for the practical application of big data technology but has a more obvious shortage, so that the advantages of big data technology can not be effectively played.
4.1 The existence of the phenomenon of "data silos"
The core of big data technology lies in the *** enjoyment of data and information, however, there are local governments that do not have enough knowledge of big data technology, so that there is a policy bias in the understanding of the *** enjoyment of data, so that the government as the core of the data can not be utilized by other industries, so that the government is the core of the relevant data, the data can not be utilized by other industries. However, some local governments do not have enough understanding of big data technology, so there is a policy bias in data *** sharing, so that the government-centered data can not be utilized by other industries, and the advantages of big data technology are lost. For example, province A and province B negotiated the opening of inter-provincial bus line, however, in order to better arrange the bus schedule, it is necessary to analyze the data of the people between provinces A and B, and can predict the risk of the actual bus line, so as to appropriately adjust the number of times and time of bus operation, but in the actual operation process, the passenger flow data between provinces A and B can not be realized *** enjoy, so that in the actual arrangement of buses, the data can not be used by other industries, the advantages of big data technology will be lost. So that in the actual arrangement of buses still can not solve the actual problem of road congestion.
The local government embodied in the application of big data technology this problem, is the continuation of the traditional government management work in their own way of thinking, once the data can not be realized *** to enjoy, but also caused the so-called "data island. Big data *** enjoy the problem lies in two aspects, first of all, the government departments have a strict management order, the advantage of the existence of superior and subordinate relations between government departments, the lower level to the higher level to apply for differences in the contents of the database, more than can not get the permission of the upper machine government departments, so that the use of big data technology in the field of e-government, there is a clear "data silos "
This is the first time that we have seen this phenomenon.
The cause of the "data island" phenomenon also includes the big data technology itself, due to China's application of big data technology has not been popularized, in the field of e-government, but also only part of the region to complete the initial use of big data technology. Data as a government management of scarce resources, as well as from the point of view of confidentiality analysis, the relevant data can not be over-disclosure, otherwise, will cause social events. Therefore, it is not difficult to explain that in addition to the relative independence of data information between government departments, the general public is also unable to obtain real data information through the e-government platform supported by big data technology. Under the influence of this "data silo" phenomenon, the actual effect of the local e-government platform has been significantly reduced.
4.2 Common data resource "excess" and "idle" problems in the field of e-government
From the perspective of regional government development alone, the amount of investment in big data technology by the regional government directly reflects the actual situation of the region's economic development. The actual situation of regional economic development is directly reflected by the amount of investment in big data technology by the regional government, and there is a significant positive correlation between the two. However, when the regional government's investment in big data technology and the actual data demand is low, the so-called data resources "surplus" problem occurs. In addition, in the case of insufficient investment in big data technology, the government departments can not be utilized in the society of the existence of a large number of data, but also the formation of another form of data resources "idle".
(1) In Nanjing, for example, as a more important economic entity in the south of China, the Nanjing government has invested a lot of manpower, material and financial resources in big data technology and e-government, and through the development of the past few years, it has formed a more complete e-government platform, which has been welcomed by the general public in the actual use of the e-government platform. However, relative to the regional status of Nanjing, by the influence of Shanghai, as Shanghai's economic radiation range, Nanjing's development has been affected to a certain extent, the economic center of the Shanghai region is obviously cheaper, for this reason, based on the big data technology e-government platform integrated data, will not be able to play its role in the larger space, which is the data resources "surplus "
(2)
(2) in China's northwest, southwest part of the region, due to the economic development is more backward, so that in the national scope of big data technology support the construction of e-government system, can not carry out a wide range of e-government system construction. In Guizhou Province, for example, big data technology under the e-government system still stays in the commercial level of application, for other areas of e-government system construction is not involved, resulting in Guizhou Province, the relevant data and information can not be fully accessed, which is the direct performance of the resource "idle".
5, on the application of big data technology in the field of e-government recommendations
According to the actual situation of the current development of big data technology, as well as e-government as an important element of the reform of government affairs in the era of information technology, has a more positive significance. Therefore, in order to promote the application of big data technology in the field of e-government, it is necessary to do the following three aspects.
(1) Local governments should combine big data technology with e-government to promote the development of regional big data technology industry, attract high-tech enterprises through various preferential policies, and establish an industrial development model centered on big data technology to drive regional economic development.
(2) Improve the government's understanding of big data technology, in the process of social development, the advantages of big data technology is becoming more and more obvious, especially in the processing of traditional business work, with the help of professional data analysis software, can be completed from the collection of data, sorting, classification, until the results of the analysis of the data, to achieve a significant increase in the efficiency of the government's work. In this way, the advantages of big data technology can be reflected, the government's understanding of big data to further improve, and then promote the popularity of big data technology in the field of e-government.
(3) Accelerate the research and development of hardware and software related to big data technology. At present, big data technology involves hardware, software costs are higher, resulting in some economically less developed regions can not realize the e-government system of big data technology support the full promotion. To big data technology is more widely used data center server room, due to the use of high-speed computers and servers to expensive information equipment, for the lack of conditions for the local government, you can use cloud computing technology, through the network server mode, to solve this problem.
Overall, the application of big data technology in the field of e-government realizes the information reform of China's government affairs processing, and lays a solid foundation for the establishment of China's modern social management system. Moreover, through the penetration of big data thinking in the field of government affairs, it helps to improve the efficiency of the application of big data technology.
6. Summarize
Although, the construction time of China's e-government system is not very long, and the related fields still need to be improved. With the continuous penetration of big data technology in the field of e-government, the construction of a big data information exchange***sharing platform based on the collection, integration, classification and processing of multiple data has laid a solid foundation for the effective development of government affairs. However, due to the insufficiency of technology and understanding, the application of big data technology in e-government system is still concentrated in the vertical government business field, which is not in line with the current trend of social development. Therefore, in order to promote the application of big data technology, it is necessary to accelerate the design of e-government systems supported by big data technology, to promote the application of big data technology in e-government systems, and to create a "digital government".