How to ground "big data"
On August 19, the State Council executive meeting adopted the "Outline of Action on Promoting the Development of Big Data," proposing to enhance the vitality of entrepreneurship and innovation as well as the level of social governance by promoting the development of big data. In the aforementioned State Council executive meeting, big data is defined as a "fundamental strategic resource". Promoting the development of big data is conducive to promoting mass entrepreneurship and innovation, transforming and upgrading traditional industries, and fostering a new engine of economic development and a new advantage in international competition. The Outline emphasizes that open big data will become a new impetus for promoting entrepreneurship and innovation. Let all kinds of subjects fairly share the technology, system and innovation dividends brought by big data.
1. Industry Open: data entrepreneurship in full swing
Case:
A lot of practical big data applications emerged at the finals of the "Guizhou on the Cloud" big data business model competition held recently. Among them, the first prize-winning "Oriental Xiangyun" project envisions providing free water forecasts for 150,000 hydroelectric power stations and reservoirs nationwide to help rationally schedule water use, which is estimated to save 90 percent of the cost of reforming the informatization of these units.
The Outline proposes to make open big data a new driving force for entrepreneurship and innovation. In this regard, Hu Xiaoming, president of AliCloud, said this will greatly promote the development of the data economy. He believes that in the era of data processing technology, data is productivity. "Data entrepreneurship will explode in full force next year, and more people will be involved in providing data services, data capabilities, data transactions, and data aggregation for governments and enterprises."
Baidu, Ali Taobao and Alipay, Tencent QQ and WeChat, the banking industry, mobile carriers, public transportation cards, a variety of cell phone apps ...... in all walks of life, many valuable big data potential is waiting to be tapped. In May of this year, the Guiyang Big Data Exchange, which was established only one month ago, launched the "2015 China Big Data Industry White Paper", which shows that it is expected that by 2020, the market size of China's big data industry will be more than 10 times the size of this market last year, expanding from 76.7 billion yuan in 2014 to 822.881 billion yuan.
"China's big data era has just begun, with various groups innovating business models and seizing strategic high ground. There is a huge amount of valuable data hidden in traditional industries, just not utilized." Han Yishun, executive vice president of Tsinghua University's Institute of Data Science, said.
The "new ways" of playing with big data are beyond imagination, but the value of utilizing big data goes far beyond that. China's highway logistics industry, for example, its market value has reached hundreds of millions of yuan, and more than 90% of the capacity for individual car owners, idling rate of more than 30%, the application of big data can make full use of logistics resources.
Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, Internet Society of China Chairman Wu Hequan said that the sum of hardware, software and services, but also only a narrow sense of the big data industry, the broader scope and scale of the big data industry are much larger. Through the services of big data mining, big data can be utilized in all walks of life to improve productivity, support energy saving and consumption reduction, and promote economic development, so the output value of the broad sense of the big data industry, more reflected in industry, agriculture, transportation, construction and other industries. As a matter of fact, the benefits of big data analytics in social welfare and livelihood services are significant and cannot be measured simply by GDP. This is a valuable opportunity for our country to realize leapfrog development.
"Big data accelerates the penetration of information technology into traditional industries and becomes an important engine of the new industrial revolution." Wu Hequan said.
2.Government ***Help: Eliminate Information Silos
Case:
On August 17, the Chengde Municipal Government of Hebei Province signed a strategic cooperation agreement on the Citizen Integration Service Platform and Enterprise Integration Service Platform with Digital China. By now, Digital China has signed strategic cooperation agreements on smart cities with nearly 40 cities, and formed a series of fruitful solutions, becoming the leading "smart city expert" in China's market.
In fact, in China, all levels of government transportation, medical, employment, municipal, civil affairs and other departments have a large amount of statistical data, but due to the lack of **** enjoyment mechanism and value mining, these data has been "sleeping". "Existing data should first be used to find the value of idle; those who originally did not, but proved to be useful to their own data should be collected in a hurry, mining new value." Han Yishun said.
The Outline proposes to promote the interconnection of government information systems and public ****data***, eliminate information silos, accelerate the integration of various types of government information platforms, avoid duplication of construction and data "fights", enhance the credibility of the government, and promote the construction of a social credit system. Priority is given to promoting the opening up of government data in the areas of transportation, medical care, employment, social security and other livelihoods to the community, and carrying out demonstrations of big data applications in urban construction, social assistance, quality and safety, and community services, so as to improve the level of social governance.
Digital China board chairman Guo Wei pointed out that the adoption of the Outline emphasizes the elimination of information islands, in fact, it is required to be dispersed in various departments of the government services and public **** services for the unification of these services and big data in the future will contribute to the development of enterprises in the field of big data. Guo Wei analyzed that this move will also bring an obvious boost to mass entrepreneurship and innovation. Under the requirements and rules of government data opening, enterprises in the field of big data can gather all kinds of basic data of the city through the urban public **** information service platform, and realize data **** enjoyment through the platform. Based on this, the majority of young people and entrepreneurs can use government open data and other related open data to develop thousands of colorful application products serving the people's livelihood, further creating an atmosphere of mass entrepreneurship and innovation.
"Data has both the value of general assets and attributes that general assets do not have." Han Yishun said, "General assets you have, I do not have; give you mine, I do not have. But the data is different, give you my data, my data is still there, which determines the big data era requires people to be more open-minded. In the era of big data, the value generated by 1 + 1 will be infinitely amplified, much greater than 2, and the superposition of data will have a chemical reaction."
"The U.S. promotes big data analytics as a national strategy, with the government taking the lead in data openness. The U.S. federal government has established a unified open data portal to provide information services to the community and encourage mining and utilization. Many departments in China have data that do not communicate with each other, making it difficult to *** enjoy, leading to incomplete information or duplicate collection, etc. Therefore, China needs to have a national-level big data strategy, measures to open up data and regulations, etc." Wu said the government should break data fragmentation and blockade through institutional mechanism reform, and should focus on open information and data mining.
3. Legal system Security: data abuse should be prevented
Case:
On February 16, 2012, the New York Times published a story titled "How These Companies Know Your Secrets". The article presented a story about a male customer who angrily came to a discount chain store one day to complain to the manager because the store had gone so far as to mail coupons for baby clothes and maternity clothes to his daughter, who was still in high school. But then the father communicated further with his daughter and found out that his daughter was really pregnant.
This story is often cited as a prime example of the power of big data mining. But in the eyes of professionals, this case reflects not the "smart" big data, but the "arrogance" of big data, personal privacy has not been sufficiently respected.
"I shop on Taobao today, Taobao has my personal data, my behavioral data belongs to Taobao or belongs to me? Current international law considers this data to belong to the consumer. Taobao can use it, it can be used to improve the user experience, but not if Taobao sells that data to a third party." Percentage point chairman Su Meng said, but if Taobao sells not the raw data but the results of its analysis, this form of third-party sharing in the United States is currently recognized in most of the market, such as IBM and other companies are also using these data to provide services to third parties.
But some industry insiders believe that big data can't be directly filtered when it comes to exchanging, analyzing and mining personal information. The danger of this personal data being scattered among intermediaries, banks, insurance companies, airlines and other organizations may not be great. But if they are ****enjoyed, and then integrated by the system, each other, the consumer's basic personal information, and even personality, hobbies, and life trajectory information will be unobstructed by others, and many ordinary people will become "transparent people".
Han Yishun believes that there is a paradox of egoism in the privacy issue. "For example, the stampede that occurred on New Year's Eve in Shanghai, the technology can see the trend of the flow of people, it is completely possible to warn and prevent, the tragedy is directly related to the issue of data ethics. Data security or protection of data is always right? There is also an ethical issue here."
"In the U.S., some companies remove the 'underlying' detailed individual data, which can circumvent some privacy and security issues." Zhao Yong, deputy director of the big data center at Tsinghua University's Suzhou Research Institute, said that in terms of big data regulation, "the most suitable one is the government." Shanghai has set up a big data bureau, which is a specialized government agency for data management. The core management is to define "who is the data owner", "who is the user", "how to define the use authority", "who is the beneficiary", etc. from the legal system. "etc.
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