Smart subway originates from IBM's "Smart Earth" and "Smart City", which is fundamentally the organic fusion of "wisdom" and "subway". The organic integration of "wisdom" and "metro". The so-called wisdom refers to the ability to analyze, judge and invent things. The essential attributes of the subway is a large-capacity public **** transportation, the most basic purpose is to achieve the displacement of people and things, by people, trains, facilities and equipment and management systems, four basic elements, the subway development is the form of people, trains, facilities and equipment and management systems of the four elements of the interrelationship between.
So, the essence of the smart subway connotation can be understood as the subway with human decision-making, learning, innovation and interactive capabilities of the new subway displacement service system, the core of which is through the use of a new generation of ideas, concepts and technologies, in the full access to information, data-driven, reshaping the subway system of the interrelationships between the people, trains, facilities and equipment, and management systems, the people from the subway system to be liberated! The system will realize the transition from "people adapting to the subway" to "subway adapting to people", from "production paradigm" to "service paradigm", and from "passive service" to "passive service". The change from "passive service" to "intelligent service".
First of all, the intelligent subway is a new type of system. In this system of people, transportation tools, infrastructure, management systems and other elements of the subway were reconstructed. In the traditional understanding of the subway, the elements of the boundary is clear, with the development of technology, the elements of the boundary becomes fuzzy integration, such as the vehicle was only used as a means of transportation, in the smart subway vehicle may have computing and decision-making functions, the elements of the function of the transformation between the smart subway to achieve a qualitative change in transportation.
Secondly, the smart subway is a new development mode. In this mode, the subway system as an intelligent body, according to human needs and changes in the social environment for independent learning, continuous innovation and evolution to adapt to new needs and the environment, in the specific function of the human and social needs of the satisfaction is a new travel, operation and management expectations, expressed the passengers, enterprises, the government would like to achieve a vision of the future development of the subway. Finally, the smart metro is a new type of development stage, as a more advanced stage of the development of transportation systems, is with the social, economic and technological development of a period of time experienced by the process, but not the ultimate goal of metro development.
Characteristics and Definition of Smart Metro
Based on the knowledge and understanding of the connotation of smart metro, three main characteristics of smart metro are summarized:
(1) Self-organized operation, self-perception and judgment
Distinguishing itself from the traditional metro system which mainly adopts the way of artificial perception and decision-making, smart metro is developed through the use of sensing devices and smart terminals all over, relying on mobile Internet and other advanced technologies. Terminal, relying on mobile Internet and other advanced means of communication, real-time autonomous perception of the state of the elements of the system, and with the help of big data, cloud computing and artificial intelligence and other technologies, the massive amount of data and information for real-time, centralized and accurate analysis and judgment, to make a scientific decision after the intelligent issuance of the subway system to adjust the operating state automatically according to the decision-making orders issued to achieve the subway system of the autonomous organization and judgment, this embodies the intelligent subway technical characteristics.
(2) Autonomous Innovation, Continuous Evolution
Through the accumulation and iteration of a large amount of data, information and knowledge, the smart metro independently recognizes and learns from the external environment and the internal needs of passengers, enterprises, government and other diversified subjects, and continues to integrate new technologies, ideas and concepts into the metro field, integrates the original business functions, realizes autonomous innovation, and actively adapts to changes in internal and external conditions, and continues to evolve to better serve the public. Changes, continuous evolution to better serve the public travel, business operations, urban construction and regional development, to realize the demand-side smart response and supply-side smart service, to promote the growth and development of the industry. Therefore, the smart metro is an open and innovative development model, continuous integration and enhancement of the development process and continue to adapt to the new needs of the development of the state, with independent innovation, the ability to continue to evolve, which reflects the dynamic characteristics of the smart metro.
(3) people-oriented, efficient collaboration
Metro has a high-capacity transportation and public **** transportation of the dual nature of the attributes of high-capacity transportation attributes make the passengers in the trip in addition to dealing with the train, facilities and equipment, management systems, but also need to deal with the relationship with other passengers, operators and so on. At the same time, the attributes of public **** transportation makes the subway can not achieve the end of the passenger "door to door" service, need to involve the connection with other modes of transportation, affecting the convenience and efficiency of travel. Intelligent subway for individual travel problems, more emphasis on the integration of resources and efficient cooperation between the various business systems to achieve synergies between passengers and trains, infrastructure, management systems and the environment in order to ensure that the whole travel chain of passengers a good experience, which reflects the essence of intelligent subway features.
Based on the above understanding, the concept of smart metro is proposed as follows: it refers to the self-organizing ability, judgment, innovation, and sustainable development of the metro based on the thorough perception of the whole process, system, and elements of the metro through the comprehensive application of new ideas and concepts and the use of a new generation of Internet of Things (IoT), communications, energy, materials, spatial and temporal positioning, and other empowering technologies, and the purpose of customizing the response to the needs of the passengers, enterprises, and the government and other diversified subjects. The new subway displacement service system with self-organization ability, judgment ability, innovation ability, and continuous evolution is established on the basis of thorough perception of the whole process, the whole system, and the whole elements of the subway.