Introduction of Big Data in Major Administrative Decision Making
How to introduce big data in major administrative decision making is a major topic that needs urgent attention nowadays. Since the Interim Regulations on Major Administrative Decision-making Procedures (hereinafter referred to as "the Regulations") were published at a time when China's concepts about big data and its governance were not yet very clear, the Regulations did not provide for the introduction of big data in major administrative decision-making. From the principle of scientific major administrative decision-making, the introduction of big data should be in line with the relevant principles. The author believes that the introduction of big data in major administrative decision-making can be reflected in the following aspects.
The introduction of big data in the selection of major administrative decision-making matters. The administrative subject in making administrative decisions is the scope and content of the choice, from the big picture, administrative decision-making involves a large number of matters, including public **** services, market regulation, social management, environmental protection, national economic development and major public **** construction projects. Because administrative governance is based on certain objective administrative matters, based on the demands of the public in a particular time or space, so for the subject of administrative decision-making, the matters of administrative decision-making there is a problem of choice. And how to choose the matters of administrative decision-making? This can introduce the corresponding big data for analysis. The big data analysis can arrange the order of the relevant administrative decision-making matters, so as to avoid the blindness and non-objectivity in the selection of the scope of administrative decision-making. The introduction of data is a scientific problem, a problem of quantitative analysis, which can make an orderly arrangement of the relevant major administrative decision-making matters in a field and in the region.
The introduction of big data on public participation in major administrative decision-making. Public participation in the major administrative decision-making program structure has a very important value and status, which embodies the whole process of people's democracy. In the whole process of people's democracy emphasized in our country nowadays, public participation is extremely important, which is the most central part of the administrative decision-making procedure and the construction of administrative procedure mechanism. The major principle of public participation is orderly participation, efficient participation and universal participation, in order to achieve this, in the public participation in major administrative decision-making, such as a major administrative decision-making often involves direct and indirect stakeholders, the participation of direct stakeholders is a category of public participation, while the participation of indirect stakeholders is also very important. The introduction of big data can make different types of public participation subjects, including the public's stake in administrative decision-making matters, the public's gender, occupation, knowledge structure and so on to make scientific classification and then make scientific processing.
The introduction of big data on expert argumentation of major administrative decisions. Expert argumentation and public participation are two mechanisms in the process of major administrative decision-making, public participation ensures the democratization of major administrative decision-making, while expert argumentation ensures the scientization of major administrative decision-making. It is also necessary to introduce big data in expert argumentation. Any administrative decision involves a specific field, involving specialization and complexity. For example, in the administrative decision-making matter of river pollution control, some scientific data can only be understood by experts in the field of environmental protection. In the process of expert argumentation, experts should be analyzed on big data. A database of experts can be set up, in which the specialties and disciplines of the experts and the scientific research teams in which they work can be analyzed and categorized. In addition, big data analysis mechanism should be used to assist the expert argumentation, so that the experts in the major administrative decision-making can be truly scientific to administrative decision-making to be argued.
The introduction of big data on the risk assessment of major administrative decision-making. Articles 22 to 24 of the regulations provide for the risk assessment of major administrative decision-making. Some major administrative decisions may bring about some public opinion, some may bring about negative effects in the environment or other aspects, while some are a good decision in the present, but in the long run hide a number of deep problems, which requires a scientific assessment of the risks in the decision-making process. The introduction of big data in the risk assessment of major administrative decision-making is even more important, because a decision often includes a number of factors such as social stability, public **** security, these factors in the decision-making process should be correctly sorted, analyzed and then determine the corresponding risk index to reflect the process. Should build the corresponding big data mechanism of major administrative decision-making risk points and risk index, the development of the trend and risk of other aspects of the situation to make a reasonable analysis and judgment, the introduction of the introduction is to ensure that the major administrative decision-making to bring the effect of social stability of the necessary means.
The introduction of big data on the implementation and adjustment of major administrative decisions. Once a major administrative decision is made, the content of the decision should be implemented and realized, the implementation of the main body to carry out the content of the major administrative decision without compromise, and the implementation of the major administrative decision in the implementation of the internal and external factors will be encountered. For example, may be found in the original decision-making in the objectivity of the problem, there are problems in the quantitative analysis, etc., which will require the implementation of decision-making and decision-making itself for the content of the moderate or appropriate adjustment. So how to make the implementation of decision-making can be effectively adjusted? This also requires the introduction of relevant big data research. A major administrative decision involves a wide range, the scope of influence, and has the future and unpredictability, only through the implementation process will be related to some factors into account, and make the original decision-making content can really land, which requires the corresponding big data on the decision-makers to implement the feasibility of making a moderate analysis of the accuracy.
The introduction of big data on the post-assessment of major administrative decisions. Post-assessment of major administrative decisions is a highlight of the Regulations, which requires that major administrative decisions be assessed after they are made and implemented. Different from the analysis of relevant factors when the decision is made, China has long been relatively lagging behind in the post-assessment of decision-making, the lack of argumentation and assessment of the effects of decision-making and implementation, which has an impact on the subsequent administrative management, based on which the Regulations constructed the post-assessment system. So how to technically carry out post-assessment of major administrative decisions? Can be made and has been implemented on the administrative decision to use big data to analyze, through algorithms, artificial intelligence and other means to make a scientific and reasonable analysis.