1. Background
Industrial tourism first appeared in some early industrialized countries in Europe and the United States, starting around the 1950s and 1960s of the last century. During this period, the subversion of traditional technology and production by new thinking and lifestyle, superimposed on the general "nostalgia" mentality, formed a special social trend and movement characterized by "nostalgia", whose market characteristics are manifested in a series of new types of tourism. The market is characterized by a series of new tourism demands.
Up to now, all kinds of industrial enterprises carrying out industrial tourism activities have been spread across the country's twenty-nine provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), and the total number of national industrial tourism demonstration sites has reached 271, covering all kinds of industrial production fields from traditional handicrafts, national specialty industries to modern production and high technology.
2. Representation
(1) Industrial tourism projects developed on the basis of major national engineering construction projects are often also national symbols with iconic and symbolic significance, representing the image of the country and the spirit of the nation. Shougang, Baosteel, Daqing Oilfield, Shenhua Coal Mine, and water conservancy hub projects such as Gezhouba, Xiaolangdi, and the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River are all examples of this type of industrial tourism product.
(2) Relying on modern industrial production and the development of industrial tourism projects. Modernized industrial product manufacturing, coupled with the corporate culture atmosphere of modern industrial enterprises, forming a unique tourism attraction and marketing. Qingdao Haier, Shanghai General Motors, Guangzhou Honda, Beijing Hyundai, etc. are more typical of such industrial tourism projects.
(3) relying on the production of industrial products closely related to life consumption and the development of industrial tourism projects. Tsingtao Beer, Guizhou Maotai, Hailan Home, etc. have been among the national industrial tourism demonstration sites.
(4) relying on national characteristics of industry, handicrafts and the development of industrial tourism projects. China's long history, civilization has a long history, as the carrier and symbol of the inheritance of the spiritual and cultural qualities of the Chinese nation, national characteristics of industry and handicrafts has a special significance and value. Nanjing Yunjin, Jingdezhen ceramics, etc. are among the outstanding representatives.
(B) cultural tourism in the ascendant
1, background
The Party's 18th National Congress put forward the "Chinese culture to go out to make greater strides in the construction of a stronger socialist cultural power base more solid" These are important opportunities for the development of cultural tourism, China's cultural tourism is about to usher in the development of the golden age. The development of China's cultural tourism is about to usher in a golden period of development.
With the simultaneous advancement of the construction of socialist material civilization and spiritual civilization, the people pay more attention to the enjoyment of spiritual aspects of life, and the demand for culture has increased, thus cultural tourism has arisen and developed rapidly.
2. Representatives
(1) Theme parks
Shenzhen's "Ethnic Culture Village", "Happy Valley", various "film and television base" type of theme parks, Beijing's "Happy Valley", and other theme parks. Theme parks, Beijing "Happy Valley" Atlantis adventure, Nordic fjords, Dongba mysterious culture, Mayan mystery and a number of their own original scenic culture has also begun to attract the attention of the youth of today's pursuit.
(2) cultural performances
Early Shenzhen Jinxiu Zhonghua's large-scale Chinese cultural epic performance program is still very attractive. Nowadays, the most famous is Zhang Yimou's "impression of the series" large-scale live-action cultural performances, such as the impression of Liu Sanjie, the impression of Lijiang, the impression of the West Lake, the impression of the island of Hainan has successfully formed a series of ecological live-action landscape scenarios performing arts of cultural tourism brand. Others like Xi'an historical stage scenic performance Huaqing Pond "long hate song", "Tang music and dance", Hangzhou "Songcheng Thousand Years of Love", Hubei zigui's water dance drama "Ritual Soul", the Three Gorges of the "Dream. Three Gorges", Wuhan's large-scale stage song and dance "My family lives by the Yangtze River", Zhangjiajie's "Tufeng Miao rhyme", Henan's "Zen Shaolin. Music Ceremony", Qufu's "apricot sacred dream", Taiyuan's "Song of Jin merchants", Inner Mongolia's "Ordos Wedding", Anhui's "Green Water and Green Mountains", Guizhou's "Colorful Guizhou Wind", Tibet's "Yalong Shengxiao" and so on, there are more than 150 programs in the cultural tourism around the world to show the splendor of Chinese culture.
(C) Experience leisure tourism deepening
1, background
With the increase in the frequency of travel and the accumulation of travel experience as well as the popularization of information technology, self-driving, self-help, caravanning, and other emerging, leisure nature of the endless ways of travel. Tourist travel mode has changed from "visit type" to "experience type".
2, on behalf of
At this stage, China's main development of leisure experience tourism products are theme parks, farms, industrial leisure tourism, sports and leisure tourism, special leisure tourism, shopping and leisure tourism and other forms. At the same time, the design of leisure tourism products basically meets the needs of high-end, middle-end and low-end consumer markets. On the whole, China's leisure tourism products are showing a colorful, endless diversified development trend.
With the rapid development of the Internet, online tourism business is penetrating rapidly. Hotels and air tickets are the first categories of tourism products to be online, in addition, travel and vacation products, car rentals, scenic spot tickets, visas and other products have entered the process of rapid online. The main business of these businesses, so that in the past not included in the category of travel agency a variety of tourism services began to enter the category of tourism services, the traditional travel agency's business is constantly being eroded by the new industry subjects, the travel agency's outreach is experiencing a passive expansion of the historical stage.
The travel agency in the past was a business entity developed to meet the requirements of foreign-related hospitality under the environment of unsound social support system and reception facilities. With the rise of national tourism consumption demand since the new century, the consumption demand of the people and the degree of social convenience has changed dramatically, while we are still using the traditional way to cope with the changing market, this commercial disconnect is manifested in the travel agency to cope with the market's general disorientation. The technological advances represented by big data and mobile terminals, as well as changes in the values and consumption needs of the young generation, have greatly exacerbated the changes in the travel agency market, and the traditional travel agencies, constrained by sunk costs and lagging government regulation of the industry, have not only failed to capitalize on the timing of the changes, but have actually increased their adherence to the established travel agency form. The emerging online travel market players not only meet the new market stock, but also further squeeze the stock of traditional travel agencies. The downturn in the business of traditional travel agencies and the ongoing process of market erosion by online travel market players have created widespread anxiety in the travel agency industry.
In the face of the third industrial revolution today, the tourism industry, as a typical information-intensive and information-dependent industry, and e-commerce have a natural adaptability, the Internet changes have bred a wealth of new tourism forms, re-constructing the tourism industry chain. New tourism e-commerce companies began to become an important operator of the travel agency business, from the point of view of the development of the main market, Ctrip and other representatives of the rapid growth of tourism online operators, and where to go, Xinxin Travel Network, Tongtong.com, Yilong, donkey mother, Touniu and other online tourism providers and platforms are also developing rapidly, business growth rate is significantly higher than that of the many traditional outbound tour operators. On the other hand, Baidu, Taobao, AVIC, and even Priceline, Expedia and other large domestic and foreign conglomerates have also entered the domestic online travel market through various means.
Historical development has proved that the travel service industry is not the only travel agency a form of business, the form of travel agency changes by the foundation of the travel service industry decided. The steady increase in the base stock of travel demand, the consumer casualization of the consumption mode and technological progress brought about by the innovation of the business model have pointed out the direction of the future development of the travel agency, in particular, the tourism service industry has been positioned as a national strategy, the tourism industry has become a national well-off life carrier of the times, the travel agency industry ushered in the development of change in the historical opportunity period.
In the process of market innovation, organizational innovation, management innovation, technological innovation and service innovation, the travel agency grows with the expansion of the travel service boundary, those who really focus on meeting the core requirements of tourists in the travel process of tourism enterprises, to adapt to market changes, with the market to explore the significance of the market is the core of the tourism enterprise sustained vitality.