There are three main aspects,

1, the relationship between temperature and open-circuit voltage,

2, the relationship between temperature and short-circuit current,

3, the relationship between temperature and output power.

The size of the open-circuit voltage is determined by the semiconductor's forbidden bandwidth and Fermi energy level, because the higher the temperature, the closer to the valence band of the Fermi energy level, so the higher the temperature the smaller the open-circuit voltage, that is to say, the temperature-open-circuit voltage curve of the two is a straight line with a negative slope.

The relationship between temperature and short-circuit current is that the higher the temperature, the greater the short-circuit current, but it should be noted that the trend of short-circuit current is smaller than the trend of open-circuit voltage drop in the first article above, that is, the temperature - short-circuit current curve is a slope slightly positive straight line in the certification of the solar module testing is called the detection of the solar cell current temperature coefficient. In the solar module certification test this is called the detection of the current temperature coefficient of the solar cell.

Because the temperature rises when the open-circuit voltage drop is very strong, the magnitude of which is greater than the short-circuit current rises, so the temperature rises when the total output power is down, because P = UI, U fell a lot, while I rose very small.

From the molecular kinematics point of view, temperature is a sign of the average kinetic energy of the molecular motion of an object. Temperature is the collective expression of the thermal motion of a large number of molecules and contains statistical significance. For individual molecules, temperature is meaningless. The degree of hotness or coldness measured on one of several arbitrary scales based on some observable phenomenon, such as the expansion of a column of mercury.

Expanded:

. p>The temperature is high enough to burn the oxygen in the air substance into a flame to transfer heat can lead to the melting of the substance melt melting high enough to destroy the substance (mass) energy everything.

The temperature can be low enough to solidify with water or air or moisture in the body (blood) into ice to transmit cold, freezing can lead to material fragmentation, cold to the extreme can be fragmentation of the material mass energy, all life-threatening can change the speed of movement of objects (motion).

Photo-thermal-electric conversion method of generating electricity through the use of heat energy generated by solar radiation, generally by solar collectors will be absorbed by the thermal energy into the steam of the work mass, and then drive the turbine to generate electricity. The former process is a photo-thermal conversion process; the latter process is a thermal-electrical conversion process, the same as ordinary thermal power generation.

The advantage of the ideal gas temperature scale over the empirical scale is that it is independent of any particular properties of any gas. Whatever gases are used, the value of the temperature determined by them is the same when extrapolated to zero pressure.

The ideal gas temperature scale is, after all, dependent on the *** nature of the gas, and is not applicable to very low temperatures (helium boils at less than 1 K at a vapor pressure below 1.01 x 10 Pa) and high temperatures (above 1000°C). Moreover, the ideal gas temperature scale is not convenient enough for specific operations.

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