Obviously, the industry's **** knowledge is that the whole process of project cost control is an inevitable trend in the development of project cost management. It is also the goal pursued by engineering cost management workers. To effectively control the cost of construction projects, in the cost control focus on the migration to the pre-construction stage, so that the project cost control work in-depth to the investment decision, design, bidding, contract signing, construction process, completion of the settlement and evaluation of the various stages. To affect the project cost of each stage of the whole process, comprehensive control.
So how to do a good job of the whole process of cost control? The following engineering cost big data network to take you to do an understanding.
First, the project investment decision-making stage of the cost control
1, choose a reasonable engineering costing method
First of all, it is necessary to collect as much as possible the construction cost of similar projects have been built information, and the analysis of this information, organization, as well as similar projects have been built on the engineering characteristics, process characteristics, the degree of technical level to describe.
The next step is to compare and analyze the proposed project and the built projects. The focus is on the structure of the construction project, geological and topographical conditions, process selection and process level and equipment selection.
Then it is based on the above analysis to determine the costing method of the project.
Finally, the calculation method should focus on the parameters taken in the calculation of a more detailed measurement.
2, effectively do a good job of the project feasibility study report
Feasibility study is the scientific basis for project investment decision-making, it is not only to evaluate the project in the technical, economic, and efficiency whether the feasibility of the more important is to optimize the program. Scientific feasibility study helps to prevent and reduce the waste caused by decision-making errors and improve economic efficiency.
3, scientific benefit analysis of engineering projects, the preparation of engineering investment estimates
Investment estimates are to determine the feasibility of the total investment in the project stage of the limit, but also one of the important basis for project decision-making. Investment estimates should be prepared on the basis of as detailed as possible, as comprehensive as possible. Starting from reality. Fully take into account the construction process may occur in various situations and unfavorable factors on the impact of the project cost, consider the market situation and price fluctuation coefficients reserved for the construction period, so that the investment is basically in line with the actual and leave room for manoeuvre, so that the investment estimate really play a role in controlling the total investment in the project.
Second, the design phase of the project cost control
1, the implementation of limit design
Limit design is to control the preliminary design, technical design and construction drawings according to the approval of the investment estimate, at the same time the professional in the premise of ensuring that the use of functionality, according to the allocation of the investment limit to control the design, and strict control of unreasonable changes, to ensure that the total amount of investment will not be exceeded.
2, the implementation of the design supervision system
At present, the government authorities have not been introduced design supervision mechanism, program design, fire design, gas and other review of the department to manage a part of it, not conducive to price control. The implementation of design supervision, from the project feasibility study stage to participate in, to assist the developer research, inspection, project, to demonstrate the feasibility of the program and put forward the rationality
recommendations. The implementation of design supervision can reduce the possible defects and errors in the design process. Improve the quality of the design of the most effective control of the project price.
3, the promotion of standard design
Standard design is based on the **** the same conditions in accordance with the principle of universal compilation, is approved by a certain procedure, can be reused by the design unit, both high-quality and economic. Standard design can better carry out the implementation of national technical and economic policies, rational use of energy, resources, materials and equipment, is one of the methods to effectively control and reduce the cost of the project in the design phase.
4, optimize the design
Optimize the design is an important step in the design phase, is an effective method of controlling the cost of the project, mainly through the design of the bidding, the design of the campaign, the use of value engineering optimization of the design, the design of technical and economic evaluation methods, to demonstrate that the proposed design is technically feasible, functional whether to meet the requirements of the economy, whether reasonable, whether safe and reliable in use. Whether it is reasonable, whether the use of safe and reliable.
Third, the bidding stage of the project cost control
1, the reasonable determination of the tender
The tender as an objective yardstick for evaluating bids, in the bidding has an important role. First, it is clear in advance the owner of the financial scale of the bidding project. Secondly, the tender is the owner of the expected price of the project, but also the owner of the basic objectives of cost control. In short, the bottom of the bidding is the owner of the preparation, can reflect the owner's expectations and bidding for the actual expected cost of the project.
2, the establishment of a perfect bidding evaluation system
In the project bidding, bid opening, bid evaluation is an extremely important part of the bidding process, only to make an objective and fair evaluation of bids, the use of scientific evaluation of bids, in order to ultimately correctly select the most excellent, the most suitable contractors, so that the smooth entry into the stage of project implementation.
Fourth, the construction phase of the project cost control
1, the control of engineering changes
In the construction process of engineering projects, engineering changes are unavoidable, but to carry out effective control. In order to prevent loopholes in the construction drawings, in addition to the audit of the gatekeeper, should also be in the A and B drawings review, the design institute of technical advice to eliminate, therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the management of design changes, as far as possible, the design changes to be controlled in the early design stage, especially on the impact of the project cost of the major design changes, resolutely strangled in the cradle, which will enable the project cost to be effectively controlled.
2, the owner should correctly handle and prevent construction claims
Engineering claims is a normal phenomenon that often occurs in the contracting. Project implementation process to prevent the occurrence of contractor claims, which is also an aspect of the control of construction costs. Due to changes in construction conditions, climatic conditions, construction progress, price changes, as well as contract terms, specifications, standard documents and construction drawings of the changes, discrepancies, delays and other causes of the family's influence, so that the contracting of the project inevitably appeared in the claim. Its occurrence will inevitably lead to changes in the project cost, so in order to effectively control the project cost must do a good job of claims, in the process of project implementation to strengthen the overall management of the project, standardize the owner's own behavior, for the control of project cost will play a very important role.
3, construction organization design program demonstration
Construction organization design is to guide the construction of the programmatic documents, is to ensure the smooth progress of the project, to ensure the quality of the project, and effectively control the cost of the project is an important tool. In order to control the project cost, each construction project should be under the premise of ensuring the quality of the project, a variety of construction programs for technical and economic comparative analysis, from which the most reasonable use of human, material and financial resources selected program. Thus reducing the cost of the project construction site good management, construction of new technologies, the use of new technologies, are able to maximize labor efficiency, reduce the cost of the project.
4, reasonably determine the price of materials, strict audit of the project construction budget
Material prices are important factors affecting the cost of construction products, in order to ensure the quality of materials on the basis of strict control of material prices is to reduce the cost of an effective means. Strictly audit the project construction budget, according to the progress of the construction plan design and the actual progress of on-site construction, timely approval of the construction budget, for the budget exceeds the corresponding estimates of the construction part of the construction plan, to be analyzed in detail, to find out the reasons, and in a timely manner with the project leader to ventilate, adjust or amend the control objectives, the implementation of dynamic control of project costs.
5, to determine the optimal professional subcontracting unit
In the construction of the project, some special professional trades have to entrust the professional construction unit to undertake, such as fire protection works, power substation installation works, communications engineering, greening works. And these industries to live with a certain monopoly.
Fifth, the late completion of the settlement control
Completion and acceptance, settlement management, warranty management is the last procedure of the whole process of construction projects, is a comprehensive assessment of the infrastructure work, check whether it is in line with the design requirements and the quality of the project most important links, is the results of the investor into the production or use of the logo. In this stage to focus on controlling the rationality, completeness and authenticity of the project settlement. Completion and acceptance, but also on the warranty period of the costs incurred in the control, the main methods are:
First of all, the completion of the acceptance work. Completion acceptance should be designated as the basis for acceptance, acceptance criteria, according to the completion acceptance procedures for the organization of completion acceptance.
The second is to do a good job of completion of the final accounts, the correct value of the new assets approved.
Finally, the warranty costs, including investigation, design causes warranty costs; construction causes warranty costs; equipment, materials, components and accessories caused by unqualified warranty costs; users use the causes of warranty costs; force majeure causes warranty costs.
Six, after the evaluation stage
After the evaluation as a comprehensive evaluation of the entire construction project, but also a summary of the project cost. On the one hand, it summarizes the experience of effectively controlling and comprehensively managing the cost during the whole project construction period; on the other hand, it analyzes the shortcomings in controlling the cost. As far as possible to find out the factors that affect the whole process of cost management due to subjective reasons. And overcome.
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Thank you for reading, I believe you have understood what is called the whole process of cost management work of the key points, at the same time, engineering cost big data network expects to continue to discuss with you, let us together *** with the advancement of the development of the engineering cost industry.