The so-called modern management is to apply computer technology and network technology to real estate file management, change the traditional file management mode, realize the modernization of real estate file information collection, collation, inquiry and utilization, improve the file management level and utilization efficiency, and serve the development of real estate economy.
First, the characteristics of real estate archives
There is a great difference between real estate archives management and general archives management, because real estate archives have several obvious characteristics:
(1) professionalism
Real estate archives, produced by real estate professional departments, are historical records formed in the registration and management of real estate ownership according to law, and no other department can replace them. The management of real estate ownership registration involves a wide range of policies, and the formed archival materials are professional, which is obviously different from ordinary official documents in content and form. In content, they reflect the ownership of real estate and the location and area of real estate, and the file names are mostly real estate technical terms; In terms of form and structure, most of them are tabular format and filling type.
dynamic
After the formation of real estate archives, the ownership and status of real estate are not fixed. With the change of property owners, the destruction and depreciation of houses, the development of urban construction, the active real estate market, the occurrence of real estate transactions, exchanges, inheritance and gifts, the ownership of real estate is constantly changing, and changes such as house demolition, reconstruction, expansion, loss, land division and merger are inevitable. Therefore, real estate archives are constantly shifting and changing, with strong dynamics. As the original record of house changes, real estate files will inevitably change with the changes of houses and house owners, and only by comprehensively and truly reflecting the whole picture of house changes can they be of use value.
(3) Integration of premises and premises
The premise is inseparable, and the house will always be built on the land. Therefore, real estate archives should follow the principle that the registration of house ownership within the scope of house occupation is consistent with the right subject of land use right, register and manage real estate archives, ensure the integrity of land and housing archives, and cannot destroy the organic connection between real estate archives.
(4) the combination of drawings and documents
The main contents of real estate archives include maps, files, cards and books. Map refers to the plan of real estate, including sub-hill map and hierarchical household map, which reflects the scope of ownership and is intuitive; Archives refer to the text documents of property rights, which reflect the ins and outs of property rights, and are detailed, true and reliable; Card refers to the real estate card, including the real estate information table entered into the computer, which summarizes the contents of the file, makes up for the shortage of the map, and embodies the concise and clear property rights relationship; Book, that is, real estate registration book, including registration receipt book, certificate issuing record book, and general book for examination and approval of housing property rights issuance, is filled in according to the registration results of housing ownership and the needs of classified management, and is the epitome of property rights status and housing status management. Only the combination of drawings and files can truly and accurately reflect property rights.
Second, the overall design of real estate archives information system
According to the characteristics of real estate archives and the requirements of modern management, the design of real estate archives management system is as follows:
(A) the network structure design of the real estate file system
As shown in figure 1, the network structure of this system consists of two parts, namely the internal network and the external network. Intranet is a local area network within the enterprise, which is responsible for the daily management and maintenance of real estate data such as input, retrieval, modification, statistics and printing of real estate data, and is the core of real estate management system. The external network mainly completes the external release and inquiry of real estate information.
The running mode of this system adopts the mixed mode of C/S (client/server) mode and B/S (browser/server) mode. For users in enterprises, adopting C/S mode can reduce the difficulty of system development and improve information security. For users outside the enterprise, the B/S mode is adopted, and the convenience of Internet and Intranet is fully utilized to provide services anytime and anywhere, and users can query information about real estate files through the network.
(B) The function module of the real estate file management system
1. Real estate data registration module. This module mainly completes the input and printing of real estate data and drawings, and consists of three sub-modules: data input, plan scanning, certificate and report printing.
File users can directly input original files in text form through computers, or import graphic files such as house plans through scanners. It can also provide printing services to achieve ideal results, so that the information of property rights archives can be provided and utilized completely, comprehensively, accurately and systematically.
2. The change and modification module of property right documents. Because the real estate file is not static after it is formed, it is constantly moving and changing. The computer is used to mark, modify and adjust the original property right file data of house property right transfer, house change and loss, and form a property right change data directory to ensure the validity and accuracy of the property right file database.
3. Real estate archives retrieval and statistics module. Includes two sub-modules:
(1) Real estate archives retrieval module, which compiles retrieval tools according to the characteristics of computer management and the needs of users, including real estate owner's name, real estate location, real estate title certificate number and fuzzy condition retrieval. By using these retrieval tools, it brings great convenience to the use of property rights files.
(2) Real estate statistics module, which can use computer information processing function to compile various statistical reports as needed. For example, statistics can be made on housing facilities, building structure, housing quality, property rights, the number of buildings in each district, the number of floors, the construction area and the usable area. Statistical results can be displayed or printed with three-dimensional color bar and three-dimensional color pie scale map. In addition, we can also compile and print real estate list, title index, name index and other retrieval tools, and conduct manual retrieval or public inquiry on some property rights files.
4. Real estate data publishing and retrieval module. Real estate archives are a kind of socialized information resources, some of which need to be made public. The module can publish real estate files through the Internet, and users can access relevant information after entering a valid ID number.
5. System maintenance and safety management module. This module can realize the backup of archive data, not only save archive data, but also restore data when the system is destroyed.
Because the whole system runs on a network platform, the data between workstations is shared. In order to ensure that data is not abused, the access management module can set different permissions for different users according to their functions (for example, they can modify or query, or they can only query but not modify), so as to achieve the purpose of rational use of data.
Third, the social role of real estate archives
With the deepening and development of housing system reform, real estate archives, as the records of real estate ownership registration activities, are increasingly recognized and valued by people. It not only serves the management of real estate ownership registration, but also plays an important role in the market economy, serving the whole housing construction and management.
(1) Real estate archives are an important basis for the registration and management of real estate ownership.
"Urban Real Estate Management Law" stipulates that the state implements a system of registration and certification of land use rights and house ownership. The central link of registration and certification is to confirm property rights according to real estate files and improve the accuracy of certification. At the same time, in real estate transactions, clear property rights are the premise of transactions. Real estate managers must make full use of real estate archives, correct the acts of forging, altering, falsely reporting, losing and repeatedly applying for the Certificate of Real Estate Ownership, and maintain the normal order of real estate management. Using the different time, place and house type recorded in real estate archives, we can evaluate the house transaction price fairly, justly and scientifically and establish an effective database.
(2) Real estate archives are reliable evidence for the implementation of affordable housing construction.
After the cancellation of the unified housing welfare policy, the construction of affordable housing has become an effective way to solve the housing problem of low-and middle-income families. In order to solve the housing difficulties of cadres and workers and improve housing conditions, real estate archives will play an important role. In order to make the construction of affordable housing conform to the national policy, the real estate archives should specify the nature of the unit, staffing, actual number of people, per capita income, the area of public houses sold by the unit, per capita housing area, the location of the proposed building, the number of units, the total number of floors, the construction area and the total investment, and explain the source of funds and the sales policy in detail, and report them according to the procedures, so as to make the construction of affordable housing conform to the framework requirements of laws and policies.
(3) The real estate file is an effective certificate for the management of house demolition.
After the opening of the secondary market, we will encourage the use of affordable housing policies to demolish dilapidated houses and build affordable housing. The living conditions, economic conditions and per capita area of each household recorded in the real estate archives provide a basis for making housing plans and solving the housing difficulties of cadres and workers in batches. At the same time, it also provides reference data for the construction of affordable housing demolition and resettlement areas.
(d) Real estate archives are a favorable basis for judicial and tax work.
Housing demolition, sale and inheritance will inevitably lead to some disputes. To eliminate these disputes, the real estate arbitration and judicial departments should consult the real estate files and find out the ownership relationship of the real estate. At the same time, because the real estate file records the area and value of each household's real estate, it can be used as the tax basis for tax authorities to collect property tax and deed tax. It is also favorable evidence to investigate and deal with corrupt elements who encroach on state property through various illegal means in order to establish an orderly market economy.
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