1.(Mianyang a diagnosis) PM2.5 refers to the particulate matter in the atmosphere with a diameter of less than or equal to 2.5 micrometers, also known as the particulate matter that can be entered into the lungs. In recent years, with the coal-based energy consumption around a sharp rise, the dramatic increase in the ownership of motor vehicles, caused by PM2.5 haze weather frequently. Experts pointed out that after the appearance of haze serious years, seven years apart will appear high incidence of lung cancer. This shows that ( )
① the connection of things is universal ② the connection of things is accidental
③ the connection of things is self-existing ④ the connection of things is objective
A.① ② B.② ③
C.① ④ D.③ ④
Ans. The rise in energy consumption and the increase in automobile emissions have caused haze days to occur, jeopardizing people's health and reflecting the universality and objectivity of the connection, ① ④ should be chosen. The connection of things is objective, ② is not selected. The question embodies a man-made connection of things, ③ is not selected.
Answer: C
Read the cartoon and answer questions 2 to 3.
If you leave a bad apple in a bucket of good apples, you will end up with a bucket of rotten apples, and these are the bad apple laws.
2. The philosophy of the cartoon is ( )
A. Starting from reality is the minimum requirement for doing a good job
B. People can't impose subjective connections on things
C. Everything is connected with the things around it
D. Connections are universal and unconditional
Ans: The main idea reflected in the cartoon is that connections are universal. The main idea reflected in the cartoon is that connection is universal, and item C is in line with the meaning of the question.
Answer: C
3. The cartoon gives us a philosophical inspiration ( )
A. We should insist on the concrete and historical unity of subjectivity and objectivity
B. We should analyze the connection of things concretely
C. We should do a good job of localization, so as to make the whole function functioning
D. We should pay attention to the active role of consciousness
解析：本题主要强调局部对整体的影响，C项符合题意。
Answer: C
4. The four major projects constructed in China -- South-to-North Water Diversion, Qinghai-Tibet Railway, West-to-East Gas Pipeline and West-to-East Electricity Pipeline -- will continue to strengthen the links between the regional economies and promote the development of the national economy and society. This material shows that ( )
A. anything is connected with other things around it
B. the connection of things is objective, people can change the state of things according to the inherent connection of things, and establish new specific connections
C. the connection of things is objective, and people can't change the connection of things
D. people are able to change the connection of things according to their own D. People can change the connections of things according to their will
A. The question is intended to test that people are not powerless in the face of connections.B. B fits the question.
Answer: B
5. A survey shows that only 17% of elementary school students in China regularly exercise. Since the physical weakness of young people does not usually manifest itself directly in various diseases, it is easy for parents and schools to neglect to cultivate their habit of exercising. This will lay hidden dangers, for example, if the lack of exercise in the adolescent waist muscles, in old age will be prone to lumbar disc herniation. Teenagers will benefit for a lifetime if they develop the habit of exercising. This reflects ( )
A. There is an essential connection between things
B. There is a direct connection between anything
C. We should see the immediate connection, but also do not ignore the long-term connection
D. The objective connection between anything is unchangeable
Ans. , B is wrong and not selected; D is wrong, the connection is objective, but not immutable.
Answer: C
6. Northern China is one of the world's largest areas of loess, where it comes from, and the relationship between dust and sand has been the subject of much debate. A recent study shows for the first time that the dust in northern China is linked to the Yellow River. The Yellow River flows through the northeastern part of the Tibetan Plateau, and the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the evolution of the Yellow River basin control large-scale dust deposition and sand formation in northern China. This research result shows that ( )
①There is no lack of connection in the world, what is lacking is the consciousness of being good at discovering the connection ②The connection between self-existing and man-made things is not subject to human will ③There exists a connection between any two things in the world ④Being good at discovering the connection between things is a prerequisite for the existence of things
A.① ② B.③ ④
C.① ③ D.② ④
A.① ② is correct as the research results show that the sand and dust in northern China are related to the Yellow River, which reveals that things are universally connected. Whether it is the relationship between the sand and dust and the Yellow River or the connections revealed by people, these connections have objectivity, ① ② is correct. The fact that the world is universally connected does not mean that there is a connection between any two things, ③ is wrong. ④ is wrong and is not selected.
Answer: A
7. What happens when an old hard disk, a snow cream bottle cap, a bicycle spoke, a can, and a washbasin ...... are "bundled" together? A set of photo albums of "watching Mr. Lin tinkering with the hard disk is a pleasant thing" has been frantically forwarded by netizens. To paraphrase the classic line from "Journey to the West" - "I guessed the beginning, but I couldn't guess the ending". The answer to the riddle turned out to be - a cotton candy machine! This proves that ( )
A. Laws can be broken
B. Anything can be linked together
C. People can change the state of the links between things
D. There is no limit to what man can do to the world
Ans: The hard disk, the cap of the snow cream bottle... ...are combined to produce new functions, which reflects C. A is wrong, laws are objective and cannot be broken; B is wrong, connections are all established on the basis of certain conditions; D is wrong, this is an idealistic view.
Answer: C
8. On September 25, 2013, the "Cloud Computing and Big Data Application Innovation Forum" became the highlight of the xx session of the China Expo. The core concept of "cloud computing" is to unify the management and scheduling of a large number of network-connected computing resources to form a pool of computing resources to provide services to users on demand. The idea suggests that ( )
① grasping and transforming things from their inherent connections ② adjusting the original connections between things and establishing new ones ③ establishing organic connections between systems and elements and promoting structural optimization ④ establishing specific connections with things based on human will
A.①③ B.②③
C.②④ D.①④
A. ①①③ B.②③
C. ②④ D.①④
Ans. A large number of network-connected computing resources unified management and scheduling, constituting a pool of computing resources, on-demand services for users, is the establishment of new specific connections, but also the embodiment of a comprehensive way of thinking to understand things, ② ③ elected; ① in the material is not reflected; ④ is the exaggerated subjective initiative, denying the objectivity of the connection of the erroneous point of view.
Answer: B
9. In the highly competitive U.S. Men's Basketball League, teams try their best to play in the order of the players' appearances and formations, so that the players' strengths can be maximized and the opponents can be defeated in the end. This shows that ( )
① the overall function is always greater than the sum of the functions of the part ② the relationship between the whole and the part of the correct handling ③ should establish the overall concept, the overall situation ④ with the point of view of the link to look at the problem is to obtain the correct understanding of the source
A.① ② B.① ③
C.② ③ D.③ ④
A. The function of the whole is not always greater than the sum of the functions of its parts. Practice is the source of cognition, ④ is wrong.
Answer: C
10. In the more than 100 years since the sinking of the Titanic, there have been various speculations about the tragedy of this Olympic-class cruise ship. Some blamed it on poor handling, others attributed it to the quality of the ship's hardware, and some even attributed the sinking to a celestial event. More recently, British historian Tim Martin has come up with an unusual optical theory. Martin suggested that an unusual optical phenomenon - "super-refraction" - had occurred in the waters, bending the light so that the ship's lookouts did not see the icebergs in time. Later, the same optical phenomenon interfered with Titanic's communications with other ships. People reasoned about the cause of the sinking of the Titanic ( )
① ① are trying to understand things from the connection ② are looking for the real connection between things ③ are unsupported subjective assumptions ④ are in line with the objective reality
A.② ③ B.③ ④
C.② ④ D.① ②
A.② ④ D.
Answer: the movement and change of things are in contact, so choose ①; people's conjecture are trying to find the truth of the accident, so choose ②; ③ is not, not all have no factual basis; ④ error, it has not been able to prove that these reasoning are correct.
Answer: D
11. In the past, people quoted Confucius as advocating a policy of fooling the people. But some people think that this sentence should be "the people can, make by; not, make know", meaning that the people can do things, let them do; can not do things, let them know the reason why can not do. Due to the difference in punctuation, leading to a very different understanding of the people. This can be seen ( )
① history can be modified at will ② conscious activity is dynamic ③ history has a great deal of subjective arbitrariness ④ the connection has diversity
A.① ② B.② ③
C.① ④ D.② ④
A.① ① ④ D.② ④
Ans: Ancient times there is no punctuation, the modern man to add the punctuation, it is often easy to take with them the habits of thought of the modern man, coupled with by the The first time I saw this, I was in the middle of a conversation with a man who had been in the middle of a conversation with a woman. This is precisely a manifestation of the mobility of human consciousness, but also reflects the diversity of connections. The first three errors, history is a fait accompli, is objective.
Answer: D
12. Currently, the cost of vegetable circulation in China accounts for 2/3 of the final price of vegetables. 20% of the total cost of domestic logistics in the GDP, while the developed countries only about 10%. Reducing circulation costs can provide space for "price reduction". It can be seen ( )
A. The whole and the part are interconnected and inseparable
B. The whole and the part have strict boundaries
C. The whole and the part can be transformed into each other
D. The whole and the part of the integration of each other
A. The price of the commodity by the cost of production, the cost of circulation and other impacts, reduce the cost of circulation can be for the "A.
Answer: A13. From the Cement Production Flow Chart (Part), we can see that ( )
① The objective world is disordered, and human cognition is ordered ② People are very careful to follow the order of the internal structure of the system ③ Subjective connections are necessary ④ Things are not disordered. The connections between things are not disordered
A.① ② B.② ③
C.② ④ D.③ ④
A.① is wrong, according to the idea of materialism, it is precisely because of the ordered nature of the material world that determines the ordered nature of human cognition; ③ is wrong, people's subjective initiative to establish a new connection is still objective.
Answer: C
14. At present, China's labor resources as a proportion of the total population is on the decline. The labor force as a factor of production is decreasing, while the aging population is increasing, which cannot but have an impact on the future economic development of China. The dialectical thought embodied in this analysis is ( )
A. The whole plays a unifying role on the parts
B. The functions of the parts and their changes will affect the functions of the whole
C. Matter determines consciousness
D. The whole and the parts are mutually constraining
Ans: The material emphasizes that the decrease of labor force will constrain the development of the economy, which embodies the effect of the parts on the
Answer: B
15. The State Council's approval of the NDRC's "Opinions on the Key Work of Deepening Economic System Reform in 2012" calls for the improvement of supporting measures and implementation rules to encourage and guide the healthy development of private investment. Encourage private capital to enter the railroad, municipal, financial, energy, telecommunications, education, medical and other fields, encourage and guide private capital to reorganize and participate in the reform of state-owned enterprises. This reflects ( )
① the decisive role of understanding on practice ② the state attaches full importance to the role of the part of the whole ③ the application of comprehensive thinking to understand things ④ the regularity of the movement of things
A.② ③ B.② ④
C.① ③ D.① ④
A.② ③ Encourage private investment, the part of the overall role of the state, is conducive to the economic and social The first is wrong; the second is wrong. The first one is wrong; ④ is not selected, the material does not reflect the regularity of the movement of things.
Answer: A
16. The Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Air Pollution issued by the State Council points out that by 2014, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions should complete the construction of regional, provincial and municipal heavy polluted weather monitoring and warning systems, and realize the multi-province cross-regional joint management of haze. The cross-regional joint management of haze reflects ( )
A. The function of key parts plays a decisive role in the function of the whole
B. The orderliness of the system elements determines the development of things
C. Combining the elements together can play a role in functioning
D. Recognizing things with a comprehensive way of thinking
Ans: Cross-regional joint management of haze is to focus on the whole, respect for the internal structure of things optimization tendency embodiment, D correct; key parts of the function and its changes may, but not necessarily on the function of the whole play a decisive role, A error; system elements of the order of the development of things affect the contradiction is the source of the development of things and the driving force, B error; C statement is obviously wrong.
Answer: D
17. Contemporary information technology frontier presents mobile Internet, Internet of Things, cloud computing, broadband, three-network convergence, "five flowers" bloom situation, based on broadband mobile Internet to support the Internet of Things and computer synergy and convergence, to guide the broadcasting and television networks, telecommunication networks, the Internet, the three-network convergence. Three-network integration. This shows that ( )
A. comprehensive thinking is the fundamental driving force of the development of things
B. focus on the optimization of the internal structure of the system tends to
C. the overall design will be able to create a link between things
D. dialectical negation is the key link between things
Ans: This question is to examine the method of system optimization. The synergy and integration of the three networks emphasizes the need to optimize the internal structure of the system. The fundamental driving force of the development of things is the contradiction, A error; the connection has objectivity, the overall design will be able to create the connection between things of the viewpoint denies the objectivity of the connection, C point of view is wrong; dialectical negativity is the key link in the development of things, D error.
Answer: B
18. In July 2013, the opening of the Ningxia-Hangzhou high-speed railway made the co-location effect of the Yangtze River Delta more obvious, and the "1-hour traffic circle" gradually formed. This will drive the development of culture, tourism and other related industries in the two places. This shows that ( )
① people can exert their subjective initiative to establish specific connections that are conducive to practice ② the connection of self-interested things can not be realized without the connection of man-made things ③ the connection of man-made things is subjective, and the connection of self-interested things is objective ④ people can change the state of things according to the inherent connection of things
A. ① ④ B. ① ③
C. ② ③ D. ③ ④
A. This question examines the objectivity of the connection and other knowledge. The opening of the Ningxia-Hangzhou high-speed railway and the formation of the "1-hour traffic circle" are the manifestations of people changing the state of things according to their inherent connections and establishing new connections by exerting their subjective abilities. The connection of man-made things and the connection of self-existing things are objective, the connection of self-existing things does not depend on the connection of man-made things, ② ③ wrong.
Answer: A
19. A lion leading a flock of sheep can defeat a flock of lions led by a single sheep. The philosophical truth implied by this sentence is ( )
A. The optimization of the internal structure of a system plays a decisive role in the function of the whole
B. The functional state of the whole plays a decisive role in the functional state of the parts
C. Leaders are decisive in the development of history
D. The function of the key parts sometimes plays a decisive role in the function of the whole
解析：本题考查整体与部分的关系。 The fact that a lion leading a group of sheep is able to defeat a group of lions led by a sheep emphasizes that the function of key parts sometimes plays a decisive role in the whole, so choose D. The material does not involve system optimization, A excluded. B is wrong, and the correct statement is that the functional state of the whole and its changes affect the parts; C exaggerates the role of the leader in the development of history.
Answer: D
20.China's economic life in the economic overheating, structural imbalance and other phenomena, causing people to pay great attention to the structure of investment and the scale of investment, people realize that if there is no reasonable structure of investment, it will have a direct impact on the rationalization and adjustment of the industrial structure.In 2014, China should focus on optimizing the structure of investment and continue to maintain a reasonable scale of investment. Philosophically. The optimization of investment structure should focus on ( )
① the wholeness of things ② the unity of ****ness and individuality ③ the diversity of connections ④ the optimization of the internal structure of things
A.① ③ B.① ④
C.② ④ D.② ③
Ans. The difficulty is medium. The optimization of the investment structure in the material reflects the relationship between the whole and the part, the system and the elements, ① ④ in line with the meaning of the question; the meaning of the question does not reflect the unity of **** and personality and the diversity of the connection. Therefore, the answer is B.
Answer: B
Second, non-selective questions (this question *** 3 small questions, full of 40 points)
21. (16 points) In recent years, a town in Shandong, the party committee and the government of the local reality, one is to vigorously develop the economy, with special attention to the development of circular agriculture, gradually formed a "crop straw feed livestock --Livestock manure into biogas - methane sludge to plant crops - crop residues and then used to feed livestock "virtuous cycle of ecological chain The second is to promote the construction of rural culture, in the town cadres and masses seriously organize the study of "the implementation of the Outline of Civic Moral Construction" and "eight honor and eight shame" socialist concept of honor and shame education, investment in the construction of the villagers to recreation, physical exercise as one of the integrated activities of the venue; third is to build a safe new homes in the town, and the villagers to achieve a new type of rural Cooperative medical care. At present, a comprehensive strength of the steady improvement of the harmony of the township has begun to show.
"Virtuous cycle ecological chain" is how to reflect the life and philosophy of the "connection" point of view?
Ans: The first thing you need to do is to find out what the "point of view of connection" is, and then choose the universality, objectivity, diversity and conditionality of the connection and analyze it.
Answer: (1) the connection is universal and objective. Circular economy is "straw, livestock, biogas, crops" interconnected unified organic whole, which reflects the universality and objectivity of the connection. (5 points)
(2) Diversity of connections. "Crop stalks fed to livestock - livestock manure into biogas - methane digestate to plant crops - crop stalks used to feed livestock again "This iterative cyclical process reflects the fact that everything is shifted by time, place and condition. It also reflects that when the parts form a whole in an orderly, rational, and optimized structure, the function of the whole is greater than the sum of the functions of the parts. (5 points)
(3) The connection is conditional. The "virtuous cycle ecological chain" shows that people can change the state of things, adjust the original relationship, and establish new concrete links according to the inherent links of things, so as to realize the unity of economic, ecological and social benefits. (6 points)
22. (10 points) Material 1: The State Administration of Work Safety pointed out at a meeting held in Henan, China's coal mines are prominent in serious safety accidents, the situation of work safety is very grim, mainly manifested in the illegal production and operation of the behavior of the repeated occurrence of serious accidents.
Material 2: In recent years, China's annual deaths due to safety accidents more than 130,000 people, disabled more than 700,000 people, resulting in direct economic losses of more than 250 billion yuan. Only from the coal and iron and steel production industry, China's coal mine accident deaths is the world's major coal-producing countries coal mine deaths of more than 4 times, million tons of coal death rate is 160 times the United States, India's 10 times, million tons of steel death rate is 20 times that of the United States, Japan's 80 times. The State Administration of Work Safety has repeatedly issued emergency circulars requiring that small coal mines that are illegally mined, have not passed the acceptance of the provincial government, and do not have the basic conditions for safe production be banned and closed down in accordance with the law. However, some local governments have turned a blind eye to the central government's decision in order to secure their local revenues. What's more, some localities tacitly allow individual households and private entrepreneurs to privately open small coal mines, resulting in frequent accidents and serious damage to the ecological environment, and causing huge economic losses to the country.
Use the knowledge of material dialectics to talk about your understanding of the above material.
Ans: To answer this question, first of all, we must find the principle, this question involves the principle of the relationship between the whole and the local. Answer the question, you can first from the worldview and methodology of the two aspects of the elaboration, and then from the local government and the State Administration of Safety these two angles to analyze.
Answer: (1) linkage is the relationship between the elements within things and between things that affect and constrain each other. The whole and part of the whole is a unity of opposites, the whole is in the position of unity and decision, the whole can not be separated from the part, the part can not be separated from the whole. This requires us to do things from the overall perspective and seek goals. (4 points)
(2) In the process of economic development, we should establish the overall concept and overall concept. Some local governments for the sake of other interests of the national decree as a wind in the ear, resulting in illegal small coal mines repeatedly shut down, which is only concerned about the local interests, ignoring the overall interests of the behavior of the country and the interests of the people to bring about significant losses, must be resolutely stopped. (3 points)
(3) The State Administration of Work Safety requires the closure of all kinds of small coal mines, which reflects the overall focus and the overall point of view, which is conducive to ensuring the safety of the people's lives and property, and safeguarding the overall interests of the country. (3 points)
23.(14 points)Material 1: In the summer of 2013, most of the areas south of the Huaihe River in China, as well as Chongqing and other places, continued to be hit by a heat wave. The intensity of the high temperature, the number of days, the scope of the historical rarity. According to the analysis of climate experts, the stable control of the continental warm air masses for a long time and the warming of solar radiation are the main reasons for this heat wave, at the same time, the heat island effect exacerbated the intensity and frequency of high temperature events in the city. Experts believe that this year's widespread high temperatures are a warning to mankind, which will lead people to think y about the relationship between extreme weather events and global warming.
Material 2: In the hot weather, enterprise production, social livelihood and other areas will be derived from a series of new problems and new contradictions, people's emotions are easy to get out of control leading to some radical and extreme behavior increase, the government departments should also be prepared for rainy days, there are more positive as. For example, should be the high temperature under the abnormal casualties, also included in the safety of production accidents and disasters. In addition, government departments can also consider in the case of ensuring safety, and further open office space to facilitate the public cool; from the perspective of facilitating the people to work, the authorities to adjust the working hours for the morning or afternoon when it is cooler, and so on.
(1) Combined with Material 1, please analyze the causes of the raging heat wave from the perspective of material dialectics. (6 points)
(2) Combined with Material 2, use the knowledge of "system optimization approach" to analyze how the government can take more positive actions to deal with the ravages of the heat wave? (8 marks)
Ans: This question examines the viewpoint of connection, the particularity of contradiction and the knowledge of system optimization. Answer the relationship of the (1) question is to refine the effective information in the material. Material 1 specifically analyzes the reasons for the raging heat wave, which can be explained from the point of view of connection, the particularity of contradiction. The (2) question asked specific and clear, can be analyzed from the perspective of the characteristics and requirements of system optimization.
Answer: (1) ① the connection of things has universality and objectivity, the heat wave is subject to the continental warm air masses long time stability control and solar radiation warming and the heat island effect of the **** with the results of the action. (4 points) ② contradiction has specificity, the city is high temperature due to the special heat island effect. (2 points)
(2)①The system is holistic, the system as a whole has a function that each of its elements cannot have alone. In the response to the raging heat wave the government should focus on protecting the interests of workers and people under high temperature, and include unnatural casualties under high temperature, as well as safety accidents and disaster accidents. (4 points) ② The system has the tendency of optimization of internal structure. Focusing on the tendency of optimization of internal structure of the system can make the function of the whole greater than the sum of the functions of the parts. The government should solve a series of problems caused by the raging heat wave by coordinating all aspects. (4 marks)