Spatial and spatio-temporal big data noun explanation: refers to the use of spatial technology to user location, time information, spatial relationships and other data, from which the extraction of the discovery of new knowledge or extrapolation of the law, to discover the objective connection, a better understanding of the world and interpretation of the technical methods.

The research and application of spatio-temporal big data can cross the traditional scale and scope, the importance of which lies in the ability to clearly reflect the process of geographic change in a certain space by utilizing a variety of external data sources, time series, geographic location information, and other data, thus providing basic information for spatio-temporal analysis.

In July 2020, the first batch of 108 new big data words collected and validated by the research base of the National Science and Technology Nomenclature Validation Committee of the Key Laboratory of Big Data Strategy were reported to the National Science and Technology Nomenclature Validation Committee for approval, and were allowed to be released to the society for trial use.

More than 80% of the data in the real world is related to geographic location, while spatio-temporal big data is a special data that combines three types of information: time, space, and attributes. With the outbreak of the data in recent years, the data applications associated with the three have become more and more popular and are developing rapidly, with the characteristics of multi-source, massive, and rapid updating.

Spatial and temporal big data standards:

Spatial and temporal big data presents the basic characteristics of massive, multi-source heterogeneous, dynamic and variable. All data are generated in a specific temporal and spatial context and are directly or indirectly labeled with time and location.

Big data in the broad sense can be recognized as the same attribute as spatio-temporal big data, which is the "sum" of data sets with (phenomenal) quantitative, qualitative, and temporal changes in the spatial structure of the real geographic world and spatial relationship elements.

So, spatio-temporal big data has the information characteristics of time, space, and attributes in three dimensions, and also has the same massive data scale, fast data flow, diverse data types, and low value density as big data.