Comparison between Mind Map and Concept Map
Mind mapping makes full use of the functions of the left and right brain and the laws of memory, reading and thinking to help people develop in a balanced way between science and art, logic and imagination, thus opening up the infinite potential of the human brain. Therefore, mind mapping has a powerful function of human thinking. Let me introduce the comparison between mind map and concept map, and welcome your reference and study.
With the popularization of information technology and the continuous introduction of tools and software, concept maps? And then what? Mind mapping? It has become one of the effective means to integrate information technology and curriculum. At home, about? Concept map? And then what? Mind mapping? Application exploration is increasingly active, online about? Concept map? And then what? Mind mapping? There are also more and more special discussion areas. What does all this fully illustrate? Concept map? And then what? Mind mapping? Has become a popular tool, and more and more people will join it? Concept map? And then what? Mind mapping? In the research and application of.
But in? Concept map? And then what? Mind mapping? With more and more applications, another contradiction is also highlighted:? Concept map? And then what? Mind mapping? Is it the same concept or a different concept? What are the connections and differences between them? Should it be differentiated or should it be treated equally? This is a problem that needs serious discussion.
First, is it right at present? Concept map? With what? Mind mapping? Several viewpoints of
Now? Concept map? And then what? Mind mapping? The understanding of the two concepts is not very uniform, and there are mainly the following viewpoints:
(A) the same point of view
This view holds that? Concept map? And then what? Mind mapping? Is the same concept? Mind mapping? what's up Concept map? Another name for. Professor Li thinks: What are the graphic methods used by human beings to express their thoughts? Concept map? . ? Mind mapping? The title of ""directly shows that this is a diagram that guides people's thinking and makes clear the significance of this graphic method. I think this statement is also very good. ? There are many people who hold this view, which can be seen in many online forums, blogs and some exchange meetings.
Different views
This view holds that? Concept map? And then what? Mind mapping? There are great differences in origin, application and form, and they are different concepts. Although they are very similar, they still need to be distinguished. If we can't clearly understand the difference between them, we will distort the original intention of concept map and mind map to a great extent, which will affect their maximum function.
(3) Indiscriminate views
This view holds that? Concept map? And then what? Mind mapping? They are different concepts, with similarities and differences. But for front-line teachers, it doesn't matter what name they use, so there is no need to distinguish between the two concepts. Although? Concept map? From English? Concept map? ,? Mind mapping? From English? Mind mapping? , but after it was introduced to China, we might as well call it? Concept map? .
People who hold this view can be divided into three categories: one is research? Concept map? Dubbing? Mind mapping? Title; The other is research? Mind mapping? Dubbing? Concept map? Title; The third is to combine the two closely, but ignore the difference between them.
Second,? Concept map? With what? Mind mapping? Similarities between
The widespread use of concept maps and mind maps shows their great potential value, and many people's mixture of them also shows their similarity.
First of all, concept maps and mind maps are both graphical representations. They all transform abstract words into intuitive graphics, thus helping people to clear their minds, promote understanding and inspire.
Secondly, according to cognitive psychology, human short-term memory capacity is very limited, only 7? Two big pieces. In this way, people's information processing has been greatly restricted. Concept map connects concepts to form a propositional network, while mind map layers concepts, which increases the chunks of knowledge and the amount of information available for processing to some extent under the condition of limited short-term memory capacity.
In fact, with? Concept map? A similar concept goes far beyond this? Mind mapping? First, there are many other related concepts, all related to? Concept map? (Novak) Mind mapping? Compared with Buzan, they all have great similarities, but they all have some significant differences.
Third,? Concept map? With what? Mind mapping? different
Concept maps and mind maps are very different. A clear understanding of the difference between the two is more conducive to making choices when necessary, so as to make them serve study and work more efficiently.
(A) different historical origins
Concept map is a teaching technology proposed by Dr. J.D. Novak of Cornell University according to DavidP P. Ausubel's meaningful learning theory [1]. Ausubel believes that the most important factor affecting learning is what students know. Only by understanding this can we carry out corresponding teaching. This is also the core of Ausubel's whole learning theory system. In his view, students' learning should be as meaningful as possible if they want to be valuable.
Ausubel put forward two conditions for meaningful learning. As long as these two conditions are met, learning is meaningful. These two conditions are as follows: (1) Students show a sense of learning, that is, they show a tendency to connect new learning content with existing content; (2) Learning content has potential significance for students, that is, it can be linked with students' existing knowledge structure.
Ausubel believes that the most important factor affecting meaningful acceptance learning in classroom teaching is students' cognitive structure. Cognitive structure is the quantity, clarity and organization of students' existing knowledge, which is composed of facts, concepts, propositions and theories that students can recall at present.
Therefore, to promote the learning of new knowledge, we must first strengthen the concepts related to new knowledge in students' cognitive structure. From the perspective of arranging teaching content, we should pay attention to two aspects: (1) We should try our best to teach the most inclusive, general and convincing concepts and principles in the subject, so as to organize and synthesize the learning content; (2) Pay attention to gradualism.
In this way, we need a tool to express the internal relations between concepts in the knowledge system, as well as the existing concepts in learners' cognitive structure and their mutual relations. Only in this way can we find the difference between the internal cognitive structure of learners and the structural system of knowledge itself at the fastest speed, and decide whether to reach an agreement through assimilation or adaptation, thus completing the learning process. Concept map is the best tool to conform to Ausubel's theory. Concept maps emphasize the use of concepts, relationships, conjunctions, hierarchies and cross-connections. At this point, Novak himself put forward a scoring scheme based on concept map component, which laid a good foundation for concept map to become an evaluation tool.
Mind mapping was first put forward by Tony, an Englishman, in the 1960s. A method of taking notes invented by Tony Buzan.
Tony? Bazin believes that the traditional drafting and note-taking methods have four shortcomings: burying key words, being difficult to remember, wasting time and not effectively stimulating the brain, while simple, efficient and active personal participation is essential for successful note-taking. In the case that the method of drafting and taking notes is becoming less and less effective, we need a method that can continuously increase the return, and this method is mind mapping. Although the original purpose of mind map is only to improve the note-taking method, its function and power are constantly emerging in the future research and application, and it is widely used in individuals, families, education and enterprises.
Mind map, we can see the breadth of thinking from the number of nodes at the same level, the depth of thinking from the length of a branch, high tolerance from the central node, low tolerance from the central node, and more specific.
Different definitions
According to the definition of Dr. J.D. Novak, concept map is a tool to organize and express knowledge. It usually puts the related concepts of a topic in a circle or box, and then connects the related concepts and propositions with connecting lines to express the meaning relationship between the two concepts.
Tony? Bazin believes that mind mapping is the expression of divergent thinking, so it is also the natural function of human thinking. He believes that mind mapping is a very useful graphic technology and a master key to unlock the potential of the brain, which can be applied to all aspects of life. Its improved learning ability and clear thinking mode will improve people's behavior.
(C) the ability to express knowledge is different
From the perspective of knowledge representation ability, concept map can build a clear knowledge network, which is convenient for learners to master the whole knowledge structure, is conducive to the formation of intuitive thinking and promotes the transfer of knowledge. A conceptual system can be grasped intuitively and quickly through concept maps.
Mind mapping shows a thinking process. Learners can improve their divergent thinking ability with the help of mind map, and they can sort out the thread of thinking through mind map, so as to review the whole thinking process for themselves or others.
(D) Different creative methods
From the perspective of creative methods, mind mapping is often an orderly map that starts with a main concept and is gradually established with the deepening of thinking. Mind map has only one central node; Concept map is to list all concepts first, and then establish the relationship between concepts. A concept map can have multiple main concepts.
(5) Different forms of expression
According to Novak's definition, the propositional network represented by the concept map includes nodes and the relationship between nodes (forming a proposition), so the concept map is a network structure in expression. In addition, because the concept map requires the most inclusive concept map to be placed at the top of the map, while the concrete examples are placed at the bottom, the concept map has obvious hierarchical relationship.
Tony? Bazin believes that mind mapping has four basic characteristics: (1) The focus of attention is obviously focused on the central figure; (2) The main part of the theme radiates from the center to the periphery as branches; (3) Branches are composed of key figures or keywords written on the lines that generate associations. Less important topics are also displayed in the form of branches, which are attached to higher-level branches; (4) Each branch forms a connected node structure. Therefore, mind map is an expression form of tree structure.
(6) Different application fields
From the application field, mind mapping software is often widely used in enterprises, and its purpose is to promote the generation of inspiration and the formation of divergent thinking through visual means. From the teaching point of view, mind mapping is mainly used in taking notes, preparing reports, writing papers and so on.
Concept map is to promote the teaching effect from the beginning to the present, initially as an evaluation tool, and later as a teaching and learning strategy. It can be seen from the latest research that as a teaching evaluation tool, with the deepening and perfection of evaluation design, its reliability and validity are gradually entering the acceptable range of psychometrics. In addition, as the first organizer of classroom teaching, concept map layout and online course navigation are also widely known.
Fourth, right? Concept map? And then what? Mind mapping? A new definition of concept
(1) Is that right? Concept map? And then what? Mind mapping? The necessity of distinction
Because of the great difference between concept map and mind map in theoretical system, if we don't distinguish them, we can't fully understand their respective advantages and disadvantages, can't give full play to their functions, and may even impose one's functions on the other (for example, mind map is a good tool to sort out writing and speech ideas, and it is somewhat reluctant to do it with concept map; Concept map is a potential teaching evaluation tool, which mind map can't do. Therefore, it is absolutely necessary to distinguish between concept map and mind map.
(2) Right? Concept map? And then what? Mind mapping? Feasibility of integration
In practical applications, concept maps and mind maps are often used together. Most people who like concept maps also have deep feelings for mind maps and always choose between them consciously or unconsciously. Therefore, we can organically combine these two concepts by modifying or expanding their connotation and extension. At present, Inspiration, Mindmanager and other tools have their own emphases (the former focuses on the production of concept maps and the latter focuses on the production of mind maps), but they all consider the needs of both to a certain extent, so that users can enjoy some advantages of both at the same time.
The following will try to integrate these two concepts? Concept map? And then what? Mind mapping? A particular concept
Modify and expand.
(3) Right? Concept map? And then what? Mind mapping? A new definition of concept
In order to integrate these two concepts, the author defines them as follows on the basis of Novak's concept map and Buzan's mind map.
? Concept map? It is a static and objective representation of knowledge system. This knowledge system can be an objective knowledge system or a human cognitive structure.
? Mind mapping? It is the guidance and record of the thinking process. Mind mapping promotes the discovery of thinking and can record this divergent process.
? Mind mapping? What is the result of creativity? Concept map? . This? Concept map? Implicit in the book is the order and level of knowledge or concepts.
Right? Concept map? And then what? Mind mapping? Isn't the application simple? Concept map? , is not simple? Mind mapping? On the contrary, we are looking for the best combination between the two.
On this basis, the author redefines the following concepts.
1. Concept map in a narrow sense
We call the network concept map which strictly conforms to Novak's concept map definition, clearly marks the relationship between nodes and has a good hierarchical structure as the narrow concept map.
2. Hierarchical concept map
We can find that the number of nodes implies the sequential relationship between nodes (which is an important relationship in mind map), while the distance between nodes and the central node implies the hierarchical relationship between nodes (which is a special relationship between concepts). Although there are no words that clearly indicate the relationship between concepts, the relationship between concepts has been hinted. Ignoring the order relationship between nodes can be regarded as a concept map that only contains hierarchical relationships. We call it a hierarchical concept map. This level is somewhat similar to the level in Novak's concept map, but the relationship in Novak's concept map is clearly marked, and the relationship here is hidden in it.
From this perspective, we simplify the mind map into a hierarchical concept map.
3. Generalized concept map
As Professor Li said, what are the graphic methods that human beings use to express their thoughts? Concept map? . From this perspective, knowledge maps, semantic networks, mind maps and even various flow charts can all be called concept maps.
4. Narrow mind mapping
As shown in figure 2, there is a central node, a tree diagram that constantly diverges around, that is, Tony? The mind map defined by Bazin. Narrow mind maps are often not numbered sequentially, but it does not prevent readers from tracking the author's thoughts, because according to people's reading habits (top-down or clockwise), the sequential relationship of thoughts has been hidden.
5. Generalized mind mapping
Add a number to the concept map as shown in figure 1 to indicate the thinking order of the creator, so that the author himself or others can review the thinking when creating according to the number. Of course, this numbering can also be achieved by arrow guidance. We call the extended form of this kind of concept map, together with the narrow mind map, the generalized mind map.
From this perspective, various flowcharts can also be regarded as generalized mind maps.
At present, popular mind mapping tools, such as MindManager and MindMap, have the function of creating other types of relationships for any two nodes outside the hierarchy, so they can't be said to draw lessons from concept maps.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) conclusion
Concept maps and mind maps are closely related, but they are potentially different. Although the result of creation can not be simply attributed to concept map or mind map, it is very necessary to recognize the relationship and difference between them. Only in this way can we learn from each other's strong points, make the right choice and use it efficiently.
The meaning and difference between concept map and mind map
I. Concept map
1, the definition of concept map
Concept map: linking related concepts or propositions of a discipline at different levels to form a network of concepts or propositions about the discipline, that is, a way of organizing and expressing knowledge.
The theoretical basis of concept map is Ausubel's learning theory. The construction of knowledge begins with the observation and understanding of things through existing concepts. Learning is to build a conceptual network and constantly add new content to the network. In order to make learning meaningful, individual learners must associate new knowledge with the concepts they have learned. Ausubel's pioneer organizer advocates using big pictures to present the most general concepts first, and then gradually show the details and concrete things.
2, the structure of the concept map
? Concept map? It is the network graphic representation of knowledge and the relationship between knowledge, and it is also the representation of thinking visualization. A concept map is generally composed of? Node? 、? Link? And then what? About text labeling? Composition.
1. node: a concept is represented by geometry, pattern and text, and each node represents a concept. Generally, concepts at the same level are identified by the same symbols (graphs).
2. Linking: It indicates the meaningful relationship between different nodes, and various lines are often used to link different nodes to express the composer's understanding of the concept.
3. Text annotation: It can express the relationship between concepts on different nodes, explain the concepts on nodes and explain the whole picture.
3. The characteristics of concept map
(1) hierarchy
Hierarchies are used to express the relationships between concepts. In the concept map, concepts are presented in a hierarchical structure. Among them, the most common or general concepts are located at the top of the chart, and sub-levels and more specific concepts are ranked below. The hierarchical structure of professional knowledge field depends on knowledge application or thinking situation.
(2) Cross connection
Use cross connection to express the relationship between concepts. Cross-linking shows how some domain knowledge is related to each other on the conceptual diagram. In the creation of new knowledge, cross-connection is manifested as a leap in knowledge creation.
(3) the blending of reason and emotion
Although the concept map shows concepts and propositions, it also reflects the emotional state of the creator in the process of creating the concept map. Concept map not only has the characteristics of rationality and clarity, but also reflects the emotional quality of the creator. How to construct concept map
Second, mind mapping.
1, the definition of mind map
Most mind maps present a thinking process through a tree structure with sequence labels, which concretizes radioactive thinking. Painting mainly promotes the generation of inspiration and the formation of creative thinking through visualization. Mind mapping is a dynamic thinking process of human brain, and different people's mind mapping is also different.
The flexible mind mapping method based on radioactive thinking not only provides correct and fast learning methods and tools, but also produces surprising effects when used in creative thinking and convergence, project planning, problem solving and analysis, meeting management and so on. This is a way to show one's intellectual potential, which will improve one's thinking ability and greatly enhance one's memory, organizational ability and creativity. It is different from the traditional note-taking method and learning method. To put it simply, it is mainly because it originates from the learning interaction mode of brain physiology and develops people's innate radioactive thinking ability and multi-sensory learning characteristics.
2, the characteristics of mind mapping
Mind mapping is a set of instructions to help you understand and master how the brain works. It can: enhance users' super memory ability; Enhance the user's three-dimensional thinking ability (hierarchy and association of thinking); Enhance the overall planning ability of users.
First of all, it is based on the simulation of the human brain, and its panorama is like the structural diagram of a person's brain (there are many? Ditch? With what? Back? );
Secondly, this simulation highlights the center of gravity and level of thinking content;
Third, this kind of simulation strengthens the associative function, just like the infinite rich connection between brain cells;
Fourth, the human brain's ability to process and remember images is about 1000 times that of words. Mind mapping is the simplest way to input information into or extract information from the brain more effectively. This is what mind mapping should do as a thinking tool. Taking notes is a creative and effective way to express your thoughts in words? Draw it?
All mind maps have one thing in common: they all use colors; They all have natural structures that radiate outward from the center; They all use lines, symbols, words and images, and follow a set of simple, basic, natural and acceptable rules. Using mind mapping, we can turn a long list of boring information into colorful, easy-to-remember and well-organized pictures, which is consistent with the natural way our brain processes things.
The difference between concept map and mind map
The development of mind map and concept map belong to two different branches, with their own development space and fields. Strictly speaking, they are essentially different. The similarity between them is that they both play an active and effective role in helping people analyze problems and sort out their ideas. They can show and visualize people's thinking process, which is more effective than words. In the process of practical application, they can be used as different expressions to show their thoughts, understanding and views on the problem. It can also be used comprehensively.
1, different definitions
Concept map is a tool for organizing and representing knowledge. It usually puts a related concept with a theme in a circle or box, and then connects the related concept and proposition with a connecting line to express the meaning relationship between the two concepts.
Mind mapping is a manifestation of divergent thinking and a natural tool of human thinking. Is a very useful graphics technology, is the master key to open the brain potential, can be applied to all aspects of life. Its improved learning ability and clear thinking expression will improve people's behavior.
2. The development principle and historical background are different.
Concept map is a teaching technology put forward by Dr. J.D.Novak of Cornell University in the United States according to David P. Ausubel's meaningful learning theory. Dr Novak believes that concept map is a tool to organize and express knowledge. It usually puts the related concepts of a topic in a circle or box, and then connects the related concepts and propositions with a line to express the meaning relationship between the two concepts. ? As a scientific teaching strategy, concept map is actively and consciously used in teaching activities to help teachers and students improve teaching quality. At present, it is recognized that it was put forward by Professor Joseph D Novak of the Department of Education of Cornell University in the 1960s. The inventor of mind mapping is Tony Bazin, who is fully considering how people know how to learn. What is the essence of human thought? What is the best memory skill? What is the best skill to cultivate creative thinking? What are the best reading skills at present? What are the best general thinking skills at present? Is it possible to develop new thinking skills or general methods? He makes all the physical aspects of the human brain work together with intellectual skills, rather than being separated from each other, so it will be more effective and efficient. At the same time, inspired by the famous painter Da Vinci's notes, he created and invented mind maps.
3. The ability to express knowledge is different.
Concept map plays a very good role in expressing logical relations and reasoning; In a sense, the concept map is a multi-threaded flow chart, which expresses the transaction development process and reasoning process from the starting point to the end point, and the results may be one or more. Use some geometric figures as the classification and expression of different concepts. It plays a positive role in guiding people to think about problems and understand the development process of things. To a great extent, it is a multi-linear way of thinking expression.
Mind mapping can help people have an overall concept when understanding affairs. It focuses on expressing the content related to the core theme, and can show its hierarchical relationship and the relationship between them. Mind mapping is a kind of radial thinking expression. The importance of content is reflected by the distance between the expressed ideas and the central theme, which plays an active and effective role in understanding people's thinking map. Mind mapping emphasizes the multidirectional, comprehensive and jumping nature of the development process of human thought.
4. Different creative methods.
A concept map can have several main concepts, all of which are listed first. Mind mapping often has only one main concept and only one central node.
5. Different expressions
Concept map is a kind of network structure in expression. Mind mapping has four basic characteristics: first, the focus of attention is obviously focused on the central figure; Second, the trunk of the theme radiates from the center to the surrounding as a branch; Third, the branch consists of a key person or a keyword, which is written on the line that produces association; Fourth, each branch forms a connected node structure. Mind mapping is a tree structure in the form of expression.
6. Different application fields
Concept map is to promote teaching effect from the beginning to the present? Become a teaching and learning strategy. Mindmanager is often more widely used in enterprises.
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