Accurately understand the connotation of smart city. So far, there is no unified definition of smart city in the industry, and there is no fixed model for the construction of smart cities. It is necessary to clarify the connotation and basic elements of a smart city, so as to avoid confusion and mislead the development practice of a smart city. At present, all localities are accelerating the pace of planning and construction of smart cities. The author believes that some leaders and experts have an inaccurate understanding of smart cities. Wisdom is usually defined as "the ability to understand and deal with things quickly, flexibly and correctly". It can be specifically explained as a mental activity process in which the brain analyzes and judges all kinds of information seen, heard, smelled, tasted and contacted through nerve conduction, and gives timely response and disposal. Smart cities and various smart applications, including perception, transmission, processing, control and execution, are all realized by information technology. In fact, a smart city is supported by the integrated application of information technologies such as cloud computing, Internet of Things, big data, mobile Internet, etc., and takes the city as the goal to realize information perception, transmission, processing and application functions in various fields, industries and geographical spaces, that is, it involves perception (data collection), transmission (data transmission), knowledge (intelligent processing), control (control execution) and application push. Therefore, the top-level design, architecture design, functional level and application system of smart cities should include these elements.
Pay attention to the value orientation and development orientation of smart cities. Through the construction of smart city, on the one hand, the level of modern urban management and public service is improved by using information technology and means, that is, the level of urban management, public service and people's livelihood security is improved by the construction of smart city, which is the social value embodied by the construction of smart city; On the other hand, promoting the transformation and upgrading of urban economy, traditional industries, accelerating the cultivation of strategic emerging industries, promoting the adjustment and optimization of industrial structure and improving the ability of scientific and technological innovation are the economic values of smart cities. Smart city construction is not a goal in itself, but a means and process. The construction of smart cities needs a lot of financial, material and human resources. This is not a win-win business. Never build for the sake of construction. It is necessary to make full use of information technologies and means such as the Internet of Things, cloud computing and communication, effectively solve the problems and common problems in the fields of urban management, public services and people's livelihood development in the process of urban modernization, and solve the bottleneck problems encountered in urban economic transformation. In different development stages of smart cities, the value orientation and development orientation have their own emphasis.
Pay attention to the integration and innovation of smart cities. Smart city is the product of integration and innovation of technology, application and service, and integration and innovation is the main theme of the future development of Internet of Things and smart city. With the evolution of computing environment from single computer to Internet and ubiquitous network (Internet, mobile Internet and Internet of Things), service, networking, systematization, integration, intelligence and mobility have become an important trend of information technology development. From the analysis of industrial competition situation, ecosystem competition has become the commanding height of ICT competition, the process of industrial vertical integration has accelerated, enterprises have accelerated mergers and acquisitions, and the integration and innovation of technology and business models has become an important source and driving force for innovation. Smart city integration applies technologies such as cloud computing, Internet of Things, mobile Internet and big data, which conforms to the development trend and new competitive situation of information technology industry. The major technological changes and important business opportunities in the future information technology industry come from the deep integration of perception technology with software technology, microelectronics technology, computer technology, network communication technology and social management technology. This integration involves software, hardware, platforms, applications and services, spanning technological innovation, business model innovation, application model innovation and user experience innovation.
Pay attention to the integration and innovation of technology model and business model. After the development of technology has a certain ceiling effect, the innovation of application model, service model and business model is more and more remarkable, and the integration and innovation of technology and business model will play a decisive role in the future. At present, the construction of smart city is still in the first development stage, and its development power is mainly driven by technology and application. At this time, a mature and complete business model has not been formed. It is technology development companies, product manufacturers and solution companies that tap the first bucket of gold and gain market benefits. They will seize the business opportunities in the early stage of smart city development. However, the expected market outbreak period comes from the second bucket of gold in smart cities, which is driven by business, and its commercial value comes from the platform economic benefits such as low marginal cost, strong scale economy and strong path locking formed by various platforms based on smart cities. When a large number of third-party platform operators successfully tap the commercial value, find a reasonable business model and cultivate various innovative formats, the market outbreak period comes. At this time, the third-party service platform becomes the main business form, and the enterprises that benefit from the industrial chain will be more platform operation service providers, which is the real market charm of smart cities. When commercial capital focuses on the second bucket of gold, the market of Internet of Things and smart cities has really matured. Therefore, when we talk about the business models of the Internet of Things and smart cities, we actually pay more attention to the business models of third-party Internet of Things platform operators and smart city platform operators, which are almost blank at present. Only by exploring the operation mode of the third-party platform can we cultivate a mature smart city service market. He has a good stone on Fangshan, which can be used to cut jade. App in the field of mobile internet
The store model, emerging formats and innovative service models in the field of cloud computing, such as SaaS, PaaS, IaaS, etc., are all worth learning and learning from enterprises in smart cities. However, we also objectively see that the maturity of the market and the maturity of the business model are almost negatively related to the size of individual users. Mobile Internet is more oriented to mass users, cloud computing is more oriented to enterprise users, and users of Internet of Things and smart cities are industries, fields and cities. Therefore, when evaluating the maturity of business model and application market, the mobile Internet is the most mature, followed by cloud computing, and relatively speaking, the Internet of Things and smart cities are the least mature.
Attach importance to the innovation and application of domestic key software and hardware in the construction of smart cities. Information network security has become the top priority of economic, social and national defense security. In the Internet of Things, mobile Internet, cloud computing and other network computing environments, information security faces more severe challenges. At present, the core technologies and key products of China's information infrastructure are mostly based on foreign chips, operating systems, databases and high-end servers, and the national information security is seriously threatened. In recent years, the government of China has attached great importance to the development of key software and hardware of safety control represented by domestic CPU, operating system, database and domestic computer. With the support of the national integrated circuit and software industry policy and the major science and technology project of "Nuclear High Foundation", China's safety controllable key software and hardware products have made remarkable progress in technical level and product maturity, and their R&D capability, industrialization and application level have been continuously improved. Accelerating the application and promotion of safe and reliable domestic key software and hardware in the Internet of Things and smart city construction is directly related to China's information security and industrial security, and directly related to the independent innovation capability of the industry.
Fully understand the limitations of smart cities. In the field of social management and urban management, the role of technology is limited and cannot be exaggerated indefinitely. The problems of system, system and management need to be solved by reform. Some technical experts have painted us a "beautiful" vision of a smart city. It seems that smart cities can solve all social, economic, environmental and people's livelihood problems of modern cities. This view is wrong. In the field of urban management, the role of technology is auxiliary and limited. Modern society can never leave technology, but technology is never everything. Technology sometimes needs legal and ethical norms. As a category of productive forces, science and technology interact with production relations and promote the progress and development of human society. The role of technology is restricted by the superstructure. Sometimes, due to technical limitations, problems in the economic and social fields cannot be solved for the time being. More often, the solution of many problems goes beyond the scope of technology and requires norms such as system, law, management and ethics.