1, Du Fu

Du Fu (7 12-770), with beautiful words, is a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, and is also called "Du Li" with Li Bai. Originally from Xiangyang, Hubei Province, he moved to Gongxian County, Henan Province.

In order to distinguish Li Shangyin, Du Mu and Xiao Du Li, Du Fu and Li Bai are also called Da Du Li, and Du Fu is often called Lao Du.

As a teenager, Du Fu traveled to wuyue and Zhao Qi successively, during which he also visited Luoyang. After thirty-five, I came first and last in Chang 'an. Later, he presented gifts to the emperor and presented them to the nobles. The frustration of officialdom witnessed the extravagance and social crisis of the upper class in the Tang Dynasty.

In the 14th year of Tianbao (755), the Anshi Rebellion broke out, Tongguan fell, and Du Fu moved to many places. In the second year of Gan Yuan (759), Du Fu abandoned his official position and went to Sichuan. Although he fled the war and lived a relatively stable life, he still cared about the whole life and the affairs of the country.

He created famous works such as Up the Mountain, Spring Hope, Northern Expedition, Three Officials and Three Farewells. Although Du Fu is a realistic poet, he also has a wild and unruly side. It is not difficult to see Du Fu's heroism and dry clouds from his masterpiece Song of Drinking Eight Immortals.

2. liuyong

Liu Yong (about 984- about 1053), formerly known as Sanbian, whose word is Jingzhuang, later renamed Liu Yong, whose word is Yi Qing, also known as Liu Qi, was born in Chong 'an, Fujian, a famous poet in the Northern Song Dynasty and a representative of graceful and restrained school.

Liu Yong was born in an official's family. He studied poetry when he was young and had the ambition to make a name for himself. In the fifth year of Xianping (1002), Liu Yong left his hometown and moved to Hangzhou and Suzhou, indulging in the romantic life of listening to songs and laughing.

In the first year of Dazhong Xiangfu (1008), Liu Yong went to Beijing to take the imperial examination, and failed repeatedly, so he devoted himself to writing lyrics. In the first year of Jing You (1034), Liu Yong was already in his twilight years. He served as the promotion officer of Zhou Mu Yong ying, the magistrate of Yuhang County, the judge of Xiaofeng Salinity, and the official of Sizhou, so he was called Liu wasteland.

3. Su Shi

Su Shi (1037 65438+ October 8th, Yi Shuo10361219-101August 24th).

In the second year of Jiayou (1057), Su Shi was a scholar. Song Shenzong worked in Fengxiang, Hangzhou, Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou. In the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), he was demoted to be the permanent assistant ambassador of Huangzhou because of Wutai poetry case.

After Song Zhezong acceded to the throne, he served as a bachelor of Hanlin, a bachelor of reading and a minister of rites, and was well known in Hangzhou, Yingzhou, Yangzhou and Dingzhou. In his later years, he was exiled to Huizhou and Danzhou because of the ruling of the New Party. Song Huizong was granted amnesty and returned to the north, where he died. Song Gaozong posthumously awarded a surname, posthumous title "article".

4. Qu Yuan

Qu Yuan (about 340 BC-278 BC) was a poet of Chu in the Warring States Period. The name is flat and the word is original; He also claimed that his name was formal and his words were even. The nobles of Chu in the Warring States Period. The earliest romantic poet in China.

At first, I assisted Wang Huai, and as a left disciple, Dr. San Lv. He is well-read, and advocates that it should be stipulated clearly and that talents should be rewarded. He is allied with Qi in the east and rejected Qiang Qin in the west. Later, he was pushed out by the nobles Zilan and Shanxi merchants.

Qing Xiang was exiled after he became king, and he wandered in Yuan and Xiang river basins for a long time. Later, because the politics of Chu was more corrupt, Xianying was attacked by Qin Jun, unable to save the peril of Chu, and deeply felt that the political ideal could not be realized, so he died in Miluo River.

Extended data:

Literary achievements:

1, Du Fu

The core of Du Fu's thought is the Confucian thought of benevolent government, and he has the great wish of "making the monarch Yao and Shun superior, and then making the customs pure". Although Du Fu was not famous during his lifetime, his fame spread far and wide, which had a far-reaching impact on China literature and Japanese literature. About 65,438+0,500 poems of Du Fu have been preserved, most of which are collected by Du Gongbu.

Du Fu's influence on China's classical poetry is far-reaching, and he is called "the sage of poetry" by later generations, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Later generations called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu, and also called him Du Shaoling and Du Caotang.

2. liuyong

Liu Yong was the first poet who made a comprehensive innovation in Song Ci, and also created the most tunes in Song Ci. Liu Yong worked hard to create slow ci, transplanted his fu method into ci, and at the same time made full use of vulgar language, which had a far-reaching influence on the development of Song ci with its unique artistic personality such as appropriate image, incisive description and plain line drawing.

3. Su Shi

Su Shi was a literary leader in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, and made great achievements in poetry, ci, writing, calligraphy and painting. Vertical and horizontal text; Poetry has a wide range of themes, fresh and healthy, uses exaggerated metaphors and has a unique style. Also known as "Su Huang" with Huang Tingjian. Ci is an uninhibited school, and Xin Qiji is the representative of the uninhibited school, also known as "Su Xin";

Prose writing is rich and unrestrained, and he is also called "Ou Su" with Ouyang Xiu, and is one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Su Shi's good book, one of Song Sijia; He is good at literati painting, especially ink bamboo, strange stones and dead wood.

4. Qu Yuan

Qu Yuan is the first great patriotic poet in the history of China, the founder of China's romantic literature, the founder and representative writer of Songs of the South, and has created the tradition of "vanilla beauty", and is known as "the father of Ci Fu" and "the father of China's poetry".

The appearance of Qu Yuan's works indicates that China's poetry has entered a new era from collective singing to individual originality. His main works are Li Sao, Nine Songs, Nine Chapters and Tian Wen.

Chu Ci, with Qu Yuan's works as the main body, is one of the sources of China's romantic literature, and it is also called "coquettish" with the Book of Songs, which has a far-reaching influence on later poetry.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Liu Yong

Baidu Encyclopedia-Du Fu

Baidu Encyclopedia-Qu Yuan

Baidu encyclopedia-Su Shi