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Abstract: With the development of social and economic development, the improvement of the national education, the continuous expansion of colleges and universities, the College student groups continue to expand and swell, a series of social problems of employment difficulties are more fully exposed. Difficulty in employment and life of college students has become a hot spot and a focus of attention for many media and all walks of life, which invariably classify college students as a real disadvantaged group. How to view, solve the employment difficulties of this vulnerable group of college students, life and other issues should be worthy of the attention of the party, state and government, but also should require the whole society, higher education institutions and students **** with efforts. Solving this problem can effectively promote social development and social stability, but also can really turn knowledge into productivity, thus promoting the development of a country's strength. This article analyzes the current situation of vulnerable groups of college students and some practical, specific problems they face that need attention. The article starts from the current situation of college students' employment, analyzes the basic reality of college students' employment, analyzes the relevant social security system of college students' employment in our country, digs out the problems in the process of college students' employment, and puts forward the corresponding solution strategies and suggestions, in order to provide certain references to the relevant departments to do a good job of college students' employment work at present.

Keywords: college students, vulnerable groups, employment difficulties, difficult to live, the problem of countermeasures, social concerns, humane care

I, about college students - vulnerable groups

"Vulnerable groups," the concept of "vulnerable groups" in the previous to varying degrees, has also been divided into a certain class, a certain class, a certain class, a certain class, a certain class, a certain class. The concept of "vulnerable groups" has been divided into a certain class, a certain group of people, but has not been included in the college students, but in recent years, with the employment difficulties of college students, difficult to live in an increasingly serious form of problems, invariably divided the college students into the ranks of the real vulnerable groups, and triggered a lot of media and social sectors concerned about it. This hotspot and focal point of the issue has not only aroused widespread concern about the status quo, but also triggered thinking and discussion in the academic community. Professor Yang Zaihua of the Department of Fine Arts of Xuzhou Normal University mentioned in his article "Analysis of the Employment Difficulties of Disadvantaged Groups of College Students and Countermeasures" that since the concept of "Disadvantaged Groups" was used for the first time in the "Report on the Work of the Government" in 2000, "Disadvantaged Groups" has been defined by researchers from various perspectives. Since the concept of "vulnerable groups" was first used in the Government Work Report in 2000, researchers have defined "vulnerable groups" from various angles. It is believed that vulnerable groups of university students are a relative concept, referring to groups of university students who are disadvantaged by gender, economic poverty, physical disability, psychological barriers, failure in competition, etc., and who experience difficulties in study, life and employment. For example, female college students, poor students, disabled students, students with psychological problems, and "ugly students" with poor appearance all belong to the "disadvantaged college student group". Under the situation that "graduation is unemployment" is no longer an alarmist saying, and the employment situation of college students is getting more and more serious, there exist many, explicit or implicit, indifferent attitudes and discriminatory behaviors in the society, which make the disadvantaged groups of college students unable to obtain the equal right to employment, and ruthlessly deprive them of the qualification of fair competition, and lead to all kinds of social conflicts and contradictions. This has led to various social conflicts and contradictions. College students disadvantaged groups difficult employment status is not conducive to social harmony and stability, more with the construction of socialist harmony of the goal of the society, this phenomenon can not help but make people think y.

Two, the current employment situation and problems of college students

According to the Ministry of Human Resources and the Ministry of Social Security, Ministry of Education, the number of graduates of ordinary colleges and universities for eight consecutive years: 2.12 million in 2003, 2004, 2.8 million, 2005, 3.33 million, 2006, 4.13 million, 2007, 4.95 million, 2008, 559 million, 6.1 million in 2008, 6.31 million in 2010, from the detailed data observation, the number of graduates can be seen program surge trend, the eight-year cumulative 35.33 million, and according to the education authority statistics show that: so far in 2009, the employment rate of graduates is only 35%, coupled with the previous graduates have not yet been employed students, it can be said that the situation is exceptionally grim, such a large number of the base has been formed is an indisputable fact. In the past graduates have not been a good employment environment, another set of people and then added to the arrival of the shortage, the ideal employment position is even more so on the front and back. Although many enterprises are facing a labor shortage, but the positions offered are general labor positions, the whole society is encouraging college students to go down to the grassroots, from the foundation, but this is contrary to the ultimate original intention of going to school, and thus even the formation of the situation of the theory of the futility of education. So much so that they are not high or low, thus going to the disadvantaged and marginalized groups of society.

Three, college students difficult to find employment, difficult to live the problems that exist, and related countermeasures

1, college students themselves

First of all, the current employment difficulties of college students is inseparable from their own problems, and secondly, there are a number of factors in society caused by the "difficult to find employment for college students, difficult to live the problems that exist

On the one hand, many of the college students' professionalism and comprehensive quality is not high, lack of practical experience, hands-on ability is very poor. In the specific work of the leadership of the task entrusted to the incompetent, and complained about the sky; secondly, there is a wrong concept of employment of college students Many college students are bound by the traditional concepts of the work of the expectations are too high. They always take "the proud son of heaven" identity, attitude is too high, the lack of accurate assessment of themselves and the reality, the lack of correct employment mentality.

These are required to strengthen the quality of college students to cultivate and change the concept of employment, adjust the employment mentality, set up a "first employment and then choose a career and then entrepreneurship" concept of career development, to recognize their own status quo, can not be too hasty, reasonably reduce the expectations of employment, pay attention to the accumulation of their own experience and skills development; to Strengthen social practice; establish the idea of "do not wait, do not rely on", seize all available opportunities to strive to improve their overall quality and professionalism, and take the initiative to look for employment through multiple forms and channels; to have the courage to innovate, the spirit of the courage to try to explore and develop the entrepreneurial market, and to change the "rely on parents". The traditional employment ideas of "relying on parents", "relying on the state" and "taking the road of civil servants"; we should actively break the ideological constraints and give ourselves a passion.

2. Problems in enterprises

Since the second half of 2009, the aftermath of the financial crisis has gradually receded, and the form of employment has greatly warmed up. Many enterprises are facing the dilemma of labor shortage, but some employers are seriously discriminating against college students in terms of experience and gender, and are unable to provide a reasonable platform. In addition, there are some enterprises to the labor law is not enough to implement the lack of training of talent, talent retention business philosophy, so as to watch the loss of talent.

This is mainly manifested in the enterprise's salary is unreasonable, the position offered does not match, and the implementation of labor law is not strong enough. Many enterprises are always picking and choosing graduates, put forward some very harsh terms of employment agreements, unauthorized extension of the trial period, gratuitous possession of the fruits of the labor of graduates. Although the state in this regard to increase efforts to regulate, adjust, but the enterprise cooperation is not active. If the salary of each enterprise and civil servants, the basic salary of employees of public institutions equal, and for each employee in accordance with the law, such as civil servants enjoy pension insurance, housing fund, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, industrial injury insurance and maternity insurance and other social security, and effectively do a good job to ensure the legitimate rights and interests of laborers, in this way they will not be compared with the civil servants, the pursuit of civil service road phenomenon will be retired! The company's business is a very important part of the company's success, and it's a very important part of the company's success.

So as the enterprise should have a long-term vision of development, and strive to create a unity and harmony of the corporate culture, maximize the absorption of university graduates consistent with the direction of corporate development, to create a long-term stable team for the enterprise, can not be due to the immediate benefits and affect the long-term development of the overall situation.

3, household registration and landlessness problem is not solved

Household registration and landlessness problem is not solved is millions, or even tens of millions of unemployed graduates headache. We all know that the university admission notice before entering the school stipulates that "all students must apply for the relevant household transfer procedures to the University". In this regard, all students without exception move their household registration to the school's centralized management. However, after graduation, there is no stable job, the account can not go back to the place of origin (origin is the countryside, now the village does not want), so they have to be placed in the Talent Management Center, become a collective account, which is delayed for five or six years, or even more than 10 years, lifelong unresolved. Originally, there is no stable job, but also charge file management fees and other costs. Many unemployed college students want to survive through their own original only a little land, use it for planting, breeding type of entrepreneurship, but the only, only a little bit of land has also been invisible deprivation, so more poor, difficult to live, resulting in vulnerability, marginalization more serious. Theoretically speaking the unemployed students are the most miserable part of the landless farmers, but no one asked.

The state should introduce relevant regulations to ensure that the existing land rights of unemployed college students, should be coordinated by the government local townships to give such a vulnerable group - unemployed college students due help, the original production rights belonging to their land to give back, and actively guide, encourage them to start their own business in rural areas.

4, college students are not guaranteed a minimum living, the government mechanism is not perfect

Now both the farmers and to the state cadres, civil servants and other groups have developed and implemented the relevant measures to protect: such as civil servants, they have a relatively high treatment, perfect health care, old age, and other social security; farmers are also gradually introduced into the old age pension, the implementation of the rural cooperative medical insurance, and to the difficult-to-live households have a low income subsidy. Farmers are also gradually introducing pension insurance, implementing rural cooperative medical insurance, and providing subsidies to households in difficulty. Unemployed college students, on the other hand, have nothing. Nothing, become a neglected vulnerable groups, marginalized people.

This country in the case of people-oriented should also be the development of unemployed college students related to the security system, in order to promote balanced and harmonious development of society, and promote the construction of social attention.

5, job scarcity, competitive pressure

Data statistics in only eight years the number of college graduates in more than 35 million, while the statistical employment rate of about 35%, coupled with the past underemployed college students, colleges and universities reported false employment data, visible employment rate is how low. To solve these graduates and promote social unity and stability is a considerable problem.

This calls for the formation of a certain employment ratio in whatever industry or sector. The government should, on the one hand, regulate and improve the enterprises (state-owned and private) various labor security system, absorb part of the population; on the other hand, many government departments should also plan and need to solve part of the students' employment. Strengthen the optimization of personnel structure, age, culture, integrated and other issues, more opportunities for young people, leaving enough space.

6, to provide rural entrepreneurship platform

Seventeenth National Congress report put forward the national innovation, innovation, entrepreneurship into the national economic development strategy, requiring all people in the Party Central Committee under the correct leadership of the active participation in the independent entrepreneurship. For college students, especially underemployed college students face many opportunities and challenges. With the increasing rise of the urban economy, business competition is increasingly fierce, many entrepreneurs choose to start a business in the city, but ignored the rural areas of this entrepreneurial paradise. In fact, for entrepreneurs, the rural entrepreneurial environment has an unpredictable development potential, rural areas have a small market competitiveness, relaxed environment, low risk and other advantages.

The party and the government should actively call for and encourage aspiring young people to go to the rural entrepreneurship, and more for college students to provide some rural entrepreneurial platform. Encourage college graduates to go to the countryside to develop planting, farming, new technology industries, etc., and strive to use their own strength to drive and form a new type of employment group.

7, innovation, self-employment mechanism is not perfect.

According to the survey, a large portion of college graduates have the passion to start their own business, but the vast majority of them are limited by such and such difficulties. Although the state and the government have some degree of favor. But for college students to start their own business mechanism is not perfect enough, in the policy there are still procedural complications and other aspects of the problem.

In terms of university students' entrepreneurship, the state and the government should increase the investment of entrepreneurial funds, policies and so on. Should support from the policy to guide the independent entrepreneurship of college students, for aspiring young students to build entrepreneurial platform, provide entrepreneurial training, to help their financing and give the corresponding preferential policies, to do "help the horse, send a ride". The company's business is to provide a platform for young people who want to start their own business.

For college students to start up capital preferential aspects, especially in the issuance of loans: the state, the government should establish a corresponding, differentiated credit mechanism, should be targeted, and strive for procedural simplicity, to promote the progress of entrepreneurship. For must find civil servants guarantee, take salary as collateral can loan this system, the state, the government should increase the reform, strive for more conducive to the student entrepreneurial capital credit convenient way. Because when it comes to the problem of entrepreneurial capital credit, the relevant departments to find civil servants as a condition of guarantee, many entrepreneurs can not find a suitable guarantor, which forms an indirect restriction, the formation of entrepreneurial barriers. Young aspiring entrepreneurial youth have entrepreneurial passion, enthusiasm, but no platform, not to play. In the interest-free payment guarantee can try to try: diploma mortgage + multi-family joint guarantee + entity, etc., or take some other way. Only in this way can we do some real facts for college students to start their own business, and play a real effect.

8, academic continuing education

In conjunction with full-time university education, academic continuing education should be recognized in order to form a good complementary.

Now in the national and local recruitment exams in a large part of the job restrictions on qualifications, academic qualifications issued by the continuing education of the diploma is not recognized, but after entering the work order can be based on academic qualifications of the continuing education of the diploma processing, promotion. Such a contradiction is undoubtedly unfair to the candidates, increase the difficulty of employment, raise the employment threshold. The state and the government should establish perfect and consistent policies and regulations. Either unified non-recognition, or unified recognition.

The author believes that academic continuing education should be recognized, because since the state allows the existence of these institutions, is justified, so that on the one hand, can form the academic education and then further education to enhance the individual learning goals, improve personal cultural literacy; on the other hand, can be timely and effective solution to meet the demand and supply of certain talents.

9, increase the investigation and handling of school false employment information, strengthen the employment information management, to protect the legitimate rights and interests of students

Through the investigation, many students reflect, we learned: in recent years, in China's college employment rate statistical information reporting work, school false employment, forced employment behavior is rampant. Perhaps in the social pressure is too great, the various colleges and universities are also in order to deal with the Ministry of Education, Ministry of Human Resources, Ministry of Social Security inspection want to exhaust all kinds of means to tout the employment rate, because each school's continuous employment rate will affect the next year's enrollment plan, and the employment rate of the college employment rate of the statistics is often to take the Ministry of Education issued by the signing of the employment agreement to do a statistic, each year, two months before graduation or so, the Ministry of Education will be based on the employment rate for colleges to develop the next year's enrollment. Employment rate for colleges and universities to develop enrollment plans for the next year, and many colleges and universities in order to their own source, especially some of the less well-known colleges and universities would like to exhaust every possible means, means, tricks to take the employment to do articles. Many provinces, colleges and universities even appeared students do not sign employment agreements will not apply for the teacher's qualification certificate, do not open the party relationship certificate, temporary certificate of graduation and other behavior. This behavior is not individual, but common, this statistical method has led to the state of the employment of people and graduates of the distortion of employment information.

After a few years of in-depth investigation of a college, 60% of the employment status of the existence of its alarming falsehoods, and even jokingly (in fact, is also the reality) led to the community of colleges and universities next to some business operators have a bowl of easy meals: to do a so-and-so company's seal, to the employment agreement on a cover, ten or twenty dollars in handling fees. These phenomena, we hope that our media and regulatory agencies can do a serious investigation at the time of the annual graduation of colleges and universities, reported.

From the above situation (here to emphasize more is the real situation), not only the school has lost the minimum professional ethical standards, but also not difficult to reflect a side problem: that is, the government's supervision is not enough, the relevant laws and regulations are not sound. The state is only a year on the employment of statistics, but the authenticity of the return visit, the investigation of whether to do the real serious implementation, which has become a problem. This point requires the government to make a serious visit to the employment every year. In addition, national laws and regulations should be responsible for the employment of college graduates, false colleges and universities for strict investigation and punishment, the government regulatory agencies to make the necessary penalties, accountability to a person, in order to really do to protect the employment of students, real service to the students, and to combat illegal behavior.