Ideas for solving problems: ⅰ. (1) Calculate the amount of iron substances in combination with stems, calculate the amount of substances consumed by methane according to the quantitative relationship of chemical equations, and calculate according to the concept of chemical reaction rate;

(2) According to the characteristics of chemical reaction and the factors affecting the equilibrium, combined with the principle of chemical equilibrium movement, the options are analyzed;

Ⅱ.(3) According to the process analysis, aluminum oxide is dissolved in excessive sulfuric acid to generate aluminum sulfate and water, and ionic equation is written accordingly;

(4) process analysis: step 1, dissolving sulfuric acid and filtering to remove insoluble impurities; Step 2, adding excessive iron to adjust the PH value of the solution, and filtering to obtain filtrate to remove excessive iron; Step 3, filtering to obtain ferrous carbonate precipitate;

(5) According to the image analysis, adding iron is to reduce iron ions, and at the same time, adjusting the PH of the solution to remove aluminum ions, ferrous ions do not produce precipitation, and the PH of the solution is not higher than 7;

(6) Calculating and inferring according to the expression of ionization equilibrium constant combined with reaction equilibrium constant;

(7) FeCO 3 is calcined in air to generate iron oxide and carbon dioxide, and a chemical equation is written according to the atomic conservation balance;

(8) According to the fact that iron oxide is insoluble in sodium hydroxide solution, alumina and silicon dioxide can be dissolved in sodium hydroxide solution.

ⅰ.( 1) If the reaction is carried out in a sealed container of 2L for 5min, it will reach equilibrium after 5min. The mass measurement of iron produced by the reaction is 1. 12g. The amount of iron substance = [1.12g/56g/mol] = 0.03mol, combined with the chemical equation, Fe2O3 (Fe2O3) (Fe2O3).

0.03 mol

2L

5min=0.003mol/(L？ min)；

So the answer is: 0.003mol/(L? min)；

(2) Fe2O3 (s)+3ch4 (g) ═ 2fe (s)+3co (g)+6h2 (g) △ h > 0, which is an endothermic reaction with constant gas volume.

A. If the catalyst is added, V reverses, V increases, the speed increases to the same extent, and the balance does not move, then A is wrong;

B.this reaction is endothermic. If the temperature rises, the equilibrium will move forward and the equilibrium constant k will increase, so b is wrong;

C. If the amount of Fe2O3 is increased, iron oxide is solid and cannot be balanced, and the balance does not move, so D is wrong;

D. If part of CO is removed from the reaction system, the products will be reduced and the equilibrium will move forward, which can improve the conversion rate of CH4, so d is correct;

So the answer is: d;

Ii. (3) dissolving Al2O3 in dilute sulfuric acid to react to generate aluminum sulfate and water, and the ionic equation of the reaction is: Al2O3+6h+= 2al3++3H2O;

Therefore, the answer is: Al2O3+6h+= 2al3++3H2O;

(4) According to the process analysis, step 1 is to remove insoluble impurities by filtration after sulfuric acid is dissolved, step 2 is to add excessive iron to adjust the PH of the solution, and the filtrate obtained by filtration is to remove excessive iron, step 3 is to obtain ferrous carbonate precipitate by filtration, and all steps are basic operation filtration;

So, the answer is: filtering;

(5) According to the image, the PH value of ferrous ions at the beginning of precipitation is 7, so ferrous carbonate is obtained, and the pH value of the solution is adjusted to remove aluminum ions. If ferrous ions do not precipitate, the pH value of the solution cannot be higher than 7, so the pH value of the solution is adjusted in step II.

So the answer is: 7;

(6) Calculate the equilibrium constant of Fe2+(AQ)+2HCO3-(AQ) ═ FeCO3 (s)+H2CO3 (AQ) reaction.

K=

sodium bicarbonate

c2(HCO3？ )c(Fe2+)=

c(H2CO3)c(CO32？ )

c(Fe2+)c(CO32？ )c2(HCO3？ )=[K

Ksp=

1.3× 10? four

3.2× 10? 1 1=4.06× 105;

Therefore, the answer is: 4.06×105;

(7) FeCO3 is calcined in air to generate iron oxide and carbon dioxide. According to the atomic conservation analysis, iron oxide is generated and carbon dioxide is generated at the same time. The chemical equation of this reaction is 4FeCO3+O2.

high-temperature

. /]2 fe2o 3+4 CO2；

So the answer is: 4FeCO3+O2.

high-temperature

.

2 fe2o 3+4 CO2；

(8) Because both alumina and silica can react with sodium hydroxide solution, but iron oxide and sodium hydroxide solution do not, the experimental scheme of extracting iron oxide can be designed as taking a small amount of magnetic slag, adding it into a sufficient amount of hot concentrated sodium hydroxide solution, stirring, filtering, washing and drying.

So the answer is: take a small amount of magnet slag, add hot enough concentrated sodium hydroxide solution, stir, filter, wash and dry.

Comments:

The test site of this question: the influencing factors of chemical balance; Quantitative expression method of reaction rate; Calculation of chemical equilibrium.

Test center comments: This topic examines the calculation of reaction rate, chemical equilibrium and the influencing factors of reaction rate, the writing of equation, the separation and purification of substances, the design of experimental scheme and the calculation of equilibrium constant. Mastering the foundation is the key, and the difficulty of the topic is moderate.