The 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) has taken "coordinating the economic and social development of urban and rural areas, and constructing modern agriculture" as an important strategic task in building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way; and the Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee has taken the promotion of the construction of modern agriculture as the primary strategy for the construction of a new socialist countryside. The proposal of the Central Committee on the formulation of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development once again emphasized the need to "promote the construction of modern agriculture", which has become a common understanding and action of the whole party and society. The background of this strategy is that China's per capita GDP exceeds 1,000 U.S. dollars, the proportion of agricultural GDP in all GDP fell from 27.05% in 1990 to 15.2% in 2004, the proportion of the labor force engaged in agriculture fell from 60% in 1990 to 49% in 2004, the level of urbanization increased from 26.4% in 1990 to 41.8% in 2004, and the supply and demand for agricultural products increased from 26.4% in 1990 to 41.8% in 2004. The level of urbanization has increased from 26.4% in 1990 to 41.8% in 2004; the supply and demand of agricultural products has changed from a long-term shortage to a basic balance of the total quantity; the contradiction in agricultural production has gradually shifted from guaranteeing supply to adapting to demand; the function of agriculture has shifted from guaranteeing food security to providing food security; and China's economy has entered a new stage in which industry feeds agriculture and the cities support the countryside. At present, the comprehensive promotion of the construction of the new socialist countryside has put forward new and higher requirements for comprehensive agricultural development. In promoting the development of production, comprehensive agricultural development to improve the use of agricultural resources, optimize the agricultural structure, improve agricultural efficiency, on the basis of improving the comprehensive production capacity of grain, focus on the development of vegetable horticulture, large-scale animal husbandry, special aquaculture, and vigorously promote the scale of high-efficiency agriculture, and to promote the agricultural and rural economy and rapid development. In the promotion of living well, comprehensive agricultural development to increase the income of farmers as the central task, by improving agricultural production conditions, cultivating and expanding leading agricultural enterprises, supporting the industrialization of agriculture, improve the processing of agricultural products and market competitiveness, and promote farmers to increase their income and wealth. In the promotion of the village, comprehensive agricultural development to consider the construction of agricultural production facilities and rural living facilities, the project area of farmland infrastructure construction and environmental remediation organically combined to broaden the comprehensive development of agricultural infrastructure construction.
Heihe City, as the main grain producing areas of the country, land resources are relatively rich, natural ecological conditions are better. In particular, the three southern counties, arable land accounted for 70.8% of the city's arable land area, the agricultural population accounted for 76.9% of the city's agricultural population, soil and cumulative temperature, sunshine, precipitation and other climatic conditions are relatively suitable for the region, Bei'an, JiuSan two Bureau of Reclamation, with the development of a good foundation for modern agriculture. Therefore, in the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan", the city proposed the construction of Beian - Wudalianchi - Nenjiang modern agricultural industrial zone, accelerate the development of modern agriculture, and strive to achieve a good start in the construction of new socialist countryside. In this process, I think it is important to highlight the grasp of five aspects.
First, highlight the modernization. Modernization is the key to improving the comprehensive production capacity of agriculture and promoting agricultural efficiency and farmers' income. First, farmland water conservancy. According to statistics, only the South three counties perennial economic losses due to drought and floods amounted to about 1-150 million yuan, so it is necessary to strengthen the construction of farmland water conservancy, strengthen the facilities to reduce disaster losses. Drought-prone plots should be large on water-saving irrigation projects, expanding the effective irrigation area, improve the comprehensive utilization of water resources; flood-prone plots to strengthen flood control and drainage projects to prevent soil erosion, improve production conditions, and enhance the ability to resist and avoid disasters. Second, agricultural mechanization. According to the survey, the Black River area of the provincial state farms of soybean mu yield than farmers planted an average of about 70 kilograms, the main reason is the farm large-scale equipment supporting the high level of agricultural machinery operations. Therefore, in conjunction with the formation of agricultural cooperatives, to promote the renewal of large-scale machinery supporting, expanding the coverage of agricultural machinery farming. Actively guide "organic households" and large farmers to form a consortium to promote the renewal of agricultural equipment and improve the level of operation. Third, the popularization of advanced technology. Historically, every major breakthrough in science and technology has brought new impetus to agriculture. Fertilizers, pesticides, tractors and other advanced modern technologies have increased grain yields by 30 times in the 20th century. Therefore, great importance must be attached to the popularization of advanced technologies. In the area of seeds, the in-depth implementation of the Good Seed Project has accelerated the introduction and cultivation of good seeds, promoted the renewal of good seeds, and fundamentally improved crop quality. In the area of fertilizers, promote the use of compound fertilizers, concentrated fertilizers, controlled-release fertilizers, special fertilizers, protein fertilizers and biological regulators and other new bio-fertilizers. In terms of pest control, the promotion of efficient and low-toxicity pesticides and biological control and other technologies. In terms of livestock and poultry breeding, the introduction and promotion of embryo transplantation, freeze-matching, animal gender control and other breeding techniques. Fourth, agricultural production standardization. Last year, Bei'an City, in accordance with standardized procedures for planting soybeans, an average of 100 yuan per hectare to reduce production costs, an increase of more than 400 kilograms, the benefits are very substantial. In accordance with standardized agricultural procedures, improve the quality and safety inspection and testing system of agricultural products, carry out quality and safety monitoring of the environment of the origin of agricultural products, agricultural by-products, agricultural inputs, pesticide residues and veterinary drug residues to ensure product quality. Establishment of a sound agricultural standards system, promote the construction of comprehensive demonstration areas for standardized production, and gradually implement the whole process of standardized production of agricultural products. In short, to use advanced science and technology to transform agriculture, improve the content of science and technology, improve the level of agricultural production.
Second, highlight industrialization. It is conducive to promoting the rational layout of agriculture, extend the industrial chain, realize the value-added ladder, and accelerate the industrialization of agriculture. First, optimize the regional layout of agriculture. Only by optimizing the layout can we achieve specialized production and intensive operation and effectively avoid market risks. Bei'an, Nenjiang, Wudalianchi three counties (cities) should be combined with the fight for national million acres of large-scale commercial grain bases, focusing on the development of wheat and bean advantageous industries, and continue to expand hemp, potatoes, vegetables, medicines and other specialties, the scale of production of green products. For each place, you can focus on the region's natural characteristics and industrial advantages, highlighting the "a township, an industry" and "a village, a product", specifically divided into industrial patterns, to promote small-scale, large groups of commodity production bases. Such as Bei'an's suburban township focus on the development of vegetable production, Zhaoguang Township focus on the development of the northern medicine planting; Wudalianchi construction of new hair, Xinglong, Shuangquan and other plains townships, mainly "double high" soybean production bases, to the town of the main high-quality wheat production bases in the town of Long, to the town of Long, Taiping, mainly potato production bases, to the town of Xinglong, construction of vegetable production bases, etc., are very conducive to the formation of a characteristic of the production bases. Base and so on, are very conducive to the formation of special industrial belt, improve the level of specialized production. Second, adjust and optimize the agricultural structure. Adjustment of agricultural structure is an important initiative to build modern agriculture and improve comprehensive efficiency. In accordance with the development goal of "industrial optimization, good quality, large scale, high efficiency", adhere to the differentiated competition, characteristics of the winning strategy, focus on the development of "double-high" soybeans and high-quality wheat, special potatoes and other high-quality, special, special, green product production, accelerate the development of the "two cows and one sheep" to "two cattle and one sheep" based on animal husbandry, improve the scale and level. Third, cultivate and strengthen leading enterprises. The implementation of industrialized management, the development of agricultural products processing industry, is to promote the transformation of the mode of agricultural growth is an important way. Developed countries of agricultural products processing output value for the agricultural output value of 2-3.7 times, while China is only 60%. In accordance with the modern enterprise system and market rules, while actively supporting the existing advantage of leading enterprises, to cultivate a number of market prospects, drive the ability of large-scale deep processing of agricultural products, improve the enterprise and base, the interests of farmers between the linkage mechanism, and to promote the efficiency of enterprises, farmers to increase income.
Third, highlight the integration. Included in the planning of modern agricultural industrial zone counties (cities) to further strengthen the big agriculture, big market, big circulation and big open strategy. First, in-depth field county **** construction. According to the survey, the Heihe jurisdiction of the provincial state farms of soybean mu yield than farmers planted an average of about 70 kilograms, the main reason is that the farms of large-scale equipment supporting the high level of agricultural machinery operations. At the same time, through the field and county **** construction, to encourage the farm's large-scale machinery to implement the cross-area operation of more than 2.4 million acres, for farmers to save more than 15 million yuan of mechanized farming costs. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on agricultural production, industrialization base construction, small town construction, social undertakings, etc., in the level of cooperation from agricultural cooperation to industrial cooperation extension, in the content of cooperation from asset cooperation to capital cooperation extension, in the field of cooperation from economic cooperation to the full range of cooperation extension. In the spirit of *** with the planning, *** with the fight, *** with the construction, *** with the principle of benefiting, in the comprehensive development of agricultural resources, efficient agriculture, ecological agriculture, specialty agriculture, northern medicine development, forestry operations, etc., carefully screened, packaged and promoted a number of key projects, the introduction of domestic and foreign talent, capital, advanced technology and management concepts, in particular, focus on encouraging capital, technology, management "Bundled" introduction, cultivate and grow a number of leading agricultural capital projects. Second, the development of export-oriented agriculture. The development of modern agriculture in border areas must take advantage of the location, and strive to improve the degree of export-oriented. Heihe and Russia across the river adjacent to the Russian land idle more than 60%, and concentrated, contracted prices are low, while more than 60% of Russia's agricultural and sideline products imported from China. These are the city's advantageous conditions for the development of export-oriented agriculture. To expand the production and export scale of tomatoes, kale, green onions and other vegetables, increase export earnings. Strengthen the Russian agricultural science and technology exchanges and cooperation, the introduction of advanced technology and good varieties. Expand labor export to Russia, and promote overseas agricultural development. Third, actively explore domestic and foreign markets. To strengthen agricultural marketing services as the main content, vigorously develop online trading and agents, chain, distribution, wholesale and other new marketing methods. Strengthen the research, development and utilization of international agricultural science and technology, market, policy and other information resources, establish a multi-level international agricultural information exchange and service mechanism, and upgrade the level of the local agricultural industry. Strongly support export enterprises and industry associations to overseas exhibitions and promotions, to promote cooperation and exchanges, and accelerate the establishment of fast and efficient green channels for the export of agricultural products to expand the international market.
Fourth, highlight the ecological. In a certain sense, eco-agriculture and modern agriculture are complementary, the ecological environment is protected, modern agriculture to achieve sustainable development. First, the development of ecological agriculture. High-quality, distinctive, efficient production of agricultural products can not be separated from the support of a good ecological environment. In accordance with the requirements of sustainable development, vigorously implement the return of farmland to forests and grasses, effectively nourish water, improve the ecological environment, to ensure stable and high yield of agriculture. Further expand the scale of large-fruit sea buckthorn, northern medicine and other bases, and promote the synchronization of forestry ecological and economic benefits. Strictly control the operation and use of high-toxicity and high-residue pesticides and reverse degradation plastic film, and protect basic farmland from pollution. Second, the development of agricultural circular economy. The main feature of the circular economy as "resources - products - waste - renewable resources", the ultimate goal is to reduce resource consumption, reduce environmental pollution, improve economic, social and environmental benefits. In accordance with the principle of "overall, coordination, recycling, regeneration", combining the characteristics of resources and environment, promoting the production mode suitable for the natural conditions and economic development requirements of each place, popularizing the application technology of returning straw to the field, quick-rotting fertilizer, gas production, etc., and developing and utilizing the new types of energy such as solar energy, hydroelectricity, wind energy, geothermal energy, etc., which are of low-cost, high-efficiency and high-efficiency, to improve the rural environment. energy to improve the rural environment. Third, developing tourism. The development of leisure, tourism, ecology and sightseeing agriculture can further increase the added value of agriculture and promote the sustainable development of agriculture. Take Wudalianchi Scenic Area as the basis, radiate the surrounding attractions, develop eco-tourism agriculture; take the fields, orchards, vegetable gardens, farms as the basis, develop sightseeing agriculture; take the manor agriculture, courtyard agriculture, the public "Nongjiale" as the basis, develop leisure agriculture; take the villages and towns with outstanding folk culture as the basis, develop folk tourism agriculture; take the biological theme park, the city, the city, the city and the town as the basis, develop the folk tourism agriculture; take the biological theme park, the city, the city, the city and the town as the basis. Agriculture; biological theme parks, suburban agriculture, factory farming, high-tech agriculture as the basis for the development of urban science and technology tourism agriculture. The process of agricultural production becomes tourism resources, driving the synchronized development of related industries.
Fifth, highlight the systematic. Perfect supporting system is an important support for the development of modern agriculture. One is to strengthen the construction of agricultural logistics system. On the one hand, to strengthen the construction of rural transportation network. The implementation of rural highway access project and smooth project, accelerate the promotion of through the township, through the village highway network construction, improve transportation conditions. Accelerate the construction of road transportation infrastructure such as passenger transport sub-stations in urban and rural areas and rural township passenger transport stations to enhance the comprehensive service capacity of road transportation. On the other hand, the construction of the circulation system should be strengthened. Eliminate inter-industry and inter-regional market blockades and administrative barriers, build a multi-level, multi-type and multi-functional circulation system for agricultural products, and promote the circulation and sale of agricultural and sideline products. Establish a standardized regulatory mechanism to ensure the safety of agricultural products reserves and circulation and sales. Second, strengthen the construction of financial guarantee system. In accordance with the requirements of the public *** financial framework, when arranging the financial budget, it is necessary to focus on agricultural work and various social undertakings in rural areas. Seriously implement the "one free three subsidies" and other policies to benefit farmers, and effectively reduce the burden on farmers. This year, the provincial financial support for agriculture increased by about 1 billion yuan over the previous year, focusing on support for agriculture and rural infrastructure construction, social development, etc., to seize the opportunity to do a good job of the project, and strive for upward. Support rural credit cooperatives to deepen the reform, enhance vitality, improve credit capacity, to provide adequate financial security for farmers' production. Third, strengthen the construction of agricultural information system. A good information can enrich a party. The establishment and improvement of the information system accelerates the pace of modern agricultural development. To further broaden the agricultural information collection channels, accelerate the popularization and application of information technology, and improve the timeliness, scientificity and relevance of agricultural information. To establish and improve databases on rural economy, policies and regulations, natural resources, seeds and seedlings, pesticides and pest control, agricultural meteorology, soil, ecological environment, and analysis of market quotations of agricultural products, and to guide farmers to make full use of them. Fourth, strengthening the construction of rural cooperative economic organizations. Adhering to the principle of "people-run, people-managed, people-benefited", farmers are encouraged to set up all kinds of professional cooperative economic organizations and industry associations, and to increase the degree of marketization of farmers. Reduce market access conditions, cultivate a variety of professional intermediary organizations, to provide farmers with science and technology, information, capital, materials and product sales services. Fifth, strengthen the construction of agricultural service system. Establish and improve the city, county, township three-level service network, strengthen the service function, improve the level of service. Encourage scientific and technological personnel to lead and create service entities, give full play to the role of township agricultural service centers, to help farmers do a good job in the prevention and control of crop pests and livestock and poultry diseases. Through a variety of effective forms, increase training efforts to comprehensively improve the quality of farmers, especially to improve professional production skills, improve the ability of farmers to organize production and accelerate wealth.