Through the industrial and commercial, judicial, operators and other dimensions (generally big data credit company can do more than 20 dimensions) to collect the borrower's/institution's data, and then imported into the model. To determine the willingness to repay and the ability to repay.
For example, if you judge the income from the bank flow, you can judge his repayment ability.
Again, for example, from the Ministry of Public Security or the court to retrieve the data involved in the execution, you can judge his willingness to repay.
Now, credit companies that started earlier, such as China Chengxin Credit and Peng Yuan Credit, have started to do data correlation and deep learning, and new technologies are emerging, so that data that seems to have little connection with credit can be mined for its risk-control value.