"Currently, with the development of technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), cryptography is being significantly challenged." "Father of public-key cryptography" and 2015 Turing Award winner Whitfield Diffie said in a speech on "The Future of Cryptography" at the conference, because the Internet of Things has connected billions of devices, encryption has become more difficult, and energy consumption has increased; followed by how to prove that encryption is 100% reliable, which is still difficult to prove with mathematical algorithms to prove it; also, there is the threat of quantum computing because if billions of devices are micro-energy consuming or use nanotechnology, it will be more difficult in encryption. "Some of the 21st-century technologies we're using now to solve problems from the 1950s are fine, but solving the problems facing the Internet of Things is challenging."

In Diffie's view, cryptography will have three major opportunities in the future: first, homomorphic encryption, which is encrypted in the cloud, such as now people store a lot of private information on smart terminals such as cell phones, and through encryption technology to store private information in the cloud, through encryption will be more secure than storing it in the terminal; second, the blockchain, such as bitcoin; and third, the new public **** key technology. He said that with the arrival of the 5G era, as well as the development of big data and artificial intelligence, cryptography will have a wider range of applications in the future. Martin Herman, founder of asymmetric encryption, the foundation of blockchain cryptography, and winner of the 2015 Turing Award, introduced that asymmetric encryption, on the other hand, has two keys: a public key and a private key. The private key is known only to oneself and can never be disclosed, while the public key is public. Through the "public key encryption, private key decryption" or "private key encryption, public key decryption", asymmetric encryption has been for the U.S. worth five trillion dollars worth of transactions to help ensure the security of data transmission.

"As the world becomes more and more interconnected, information security has become a public **** issue and a top priority." Martin Herman said that the Internet's security problems are rooted in the fact that they were not based on security considerations at the time they were created. And now for information security considerations can no longer be mending the sheep, to bring security into the design of artificial intelligence, smart city information security issues must be placed on the top of the list, must start from the beginning to plan for security issues.

For quantum computing cryptography, Herman said that quantum encryption is theoretically absolutely secure, but the specific implementation may not reach the theoretical absolute quantum security, at least for 50 years is unlikely to become a threat to current cryptography.

2018 Fields Medal winner Alessio Figari works in fundamental mathematics, and his research on optimal transport theory has been increasingly used in artificial intelligence. He says AI technology has gotten a lot of attention in recent years, but AI is far from perfect. Mathematics, as a basic discipline, can find deep-seated laws for the development of AI and further improve and enhance it. He suggested that researchers and workers in the field of artificial intelligence pay attention to mathematics and strengthen the integration and interoperability of the discipline, so that mathematics can play a more far-reaching role in the development of artificial intelligence.

On the 25th, the Chongqing Municipal Bureau of Science and Technology, the Chongqing Liangjiang New Area Administrative Committee and Professor Di Fei's team and the U.S. Crypto Labs team signed a cooperation framework agreement, and the three parties will set up the Chongqing Cryptographic Blockchain Technology Research Institute within 2019. In the next five years, top scientists and research teams at home and abroad will carry out research in many key areas, such as cryptography, blockchain technology, network security, artificial intelligence, cloud security, etc., in an effort to make Chongqing a national, and even a global, highland for research in the field of cryptography. Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau said, "Chongqing is accelerating the implementation of the strategic action plan for innovation-driven development led by big data and intelligence, the crypto lab team's landing, for Chongqing is an important layout in the field of digital economy."