Water has a higher boiling point than ethanol, which is related to the saturation vapor pressure and the type of liquid.

At a certain temperature, the saturation vapor pressure of various liquids is also certain. For example, ether at 20 ℃ saturated vapor pressure of 5865.2 Pa (44 cm Hg) below atmospheric pressure, the temperature is slightly increased, so that the saturation vapor pressure of ether and atmospheric pressure equal to the ether heated to 35 ℃ can be boiled.

If the liquid contains impurities, the boiling point of the liquid also has an effect. Liquid containing solutes after its boiling point than the pure liquid, this is due to the presence of solutes, the liquid molecules between the gravitational force increases, the liquid is not easy to vaporize, saturation vapor pressure is also smaller.

To make the saturation vapor pressure the same as atmospheric pressure, the boiling point must be increased. Different liquids have different boiling points at the same external pressure. The relationship of boiling point with pressure can be obtained from the Clausius equation.

Expanded Information

Boiling Point of Water:

Definition of Celsius Temperature Scale "A temperature scale at standard atmospheric pressure in which the freezing point of water is 0 degrees, and the boiling point of water is 100 degrees, with 100 equal divisions in between."

So the boiling point of water is usually considered to be 100 degrees Celsius at 1 standard atmosphere, but this is no longer the case after 1990 (the boiling point of water used in 2013 is 99.974 degrees Celsius at 1 standard atmosphere).

In 1988 the International Committee of Weights and Measures recommended, and the 18th International Conference on Weights and Measures and the 77th International Committee on Weights and Measures resolved, that a revised International Temperature Scale should be adopted worldwide from January 1, 1990, this time named the International Temperature Scale of 1990 and codenamed ITS-90.

The International Temperature Scale 1990 (ITS-90

The 1990 International Temperature Scale (ITS-90) standardizes the Celsius temperature scale and the thermodynamic temperature scale, stipulating that the Celsius temperature scale is derived from the thermodynamic temperature scale, and that 0°C = 273.15 K, with no change in the division. Therefore, the freezing point is not strictly equal to 0 ℃ (1/10,000 level to make a difference), the boiling point of water is not strictly equal to 100 ℃ (0.01 level to make a difference)

Baidu Encyclopedia - Boiling Point (Temperature)