What impact will big data have on the supply chain
What impact will big data have on the supply chain, the arrival of the era of big data for the supply chain management provides a rare opportunity, but at the same time will be accompanied by a number of bad effects, both favorable and unfavorable, can adapt to the times and change is the right direction, the following is about what impact will big data have on the supply chain.
What impact will big data have on the supply chain1
Challenges faced by the traditional supply chain management model
The advent of the era of big data does not only provide us with a great opportunity for development, the important thing is that the traditional supply chain model of the challenges faced by a great increase in the new conditions of productivity competition between enterprises, it is because of the big data, the productivity characteristics of this new thing.
So the challenges faced by the traditional supply chain management model are also very serious, new things to replace the old things will inevitably be the transformation and upgrading of the old things themselves to adapt to the development of new things, the supply chain management model is no exception.
1, slower response
Traditional supply chain management in the technology level continues to improve at the same time, experienced from the most basic MIS to ERP, and then from ERP to the current supply chain integration of the evolution, but from the overall level of the traditional supply chain management is still the existence of the order-driven inventory management, the management of turnover inventory from the essence of the order. On the other hand, the emergence of such a model, but also to a certain extent, the response rate of the product life cycle theory relies on the turnover inventory and safety stock to guarantee the level of customer service, so the response rate of customer demand in this mode is slower.
2, end-consumer demand can not be effectively met
The traditional supply chain model of business operations is mainly in the market is a permanent form to meet some of the demand for product design, in this case, the basic needs of end-consumers can be satisfied, but the existing product can not meet the end-consumer The supply-side manufacturing is not able to personalize the design for the end-user experience, and can only improve its production efficiency in the short term with a batch mode.
For example, before the emergence of the Internet era, most of the clothes on the market were designed based on the designers' assessment of the end-user experience, and were not customized for the personalized needs of a wider range of users, especially the universal users, and the customization of clothes was very costly and time-consuming, which fundamentally constrained the universal fulfillment of end-user consumer needs.
3, inventory cycle is longer
The traditional supply chain management model to inventory management constitute the basic conditions to support business operations, inventory to achieve the operation of the liquid assets, most of the industry's inventory count is calculated in units of months, because of the different attributes of the product, inventory management inventory varies
From the overall level of inventory cycle most of the time in the calculation of storage, packaging, handling, transportation and other conditions basically in transit inventory and turnover inventory cycle are more than two months, from the point of view of the utilization of funds, to a large extent, restricting the utilization of liquidity.
4. Poor synergy
The poor synergy of the supply chain management model is mainly reflected in the fact that the manufacturing enterprises are not able to quickly realize the establishment of the channel, the sales channel fails to realize the effective interaction with the end consumers, and the feedback of the end consumers can not actually be the basis of the upgrading of the products of the manufacturing enterprises.
From the management level of the entire supply chain, it can be seen that each link is maximizing its own benefit, but failing to maximize the overall benefit, in the face of competition in the market, there is a mutual squeeze, in order to safeguard the interests of their own link at the expense of the overall supply chain of the overall benefit of the situation is not uncommon.
5, management costs are very high
The traditional supply chain model of management costs due to the low level of information technology, can not be designed by the various links of the enterprise for the effective transmission of information ultimately resulting in the amortization of fixed costs paid by their respective enterprises in the cost is very high, labor costs are particularly prominent, because of the severity of the fragmentation of management confusion and thus the severity of the supply chain. Labor costs are particularly high, because of the severity of the fragmentation of the management confusion caused by the management costs have become one of the supply chain management accounted for a relatively high proportion of the part.
Supply chain management to comply with the historical trend of the development of the era of big data
From the Marxist theory of in-depth study of economics, the correct approach to the study of the era of change should be from the contradiction between the productive forces and the relations of production to begin with, the time of the productive forces of the characteristics of the elements of the analysis of the various aspects of the relations of production targeted reform. This is the centralized embodiment of the fact that the productive forces determine the relations of production, and at the same time, the relations of production must comply with the inevitable requirements of the development of the productive forces.
(a) Analysis of the leading factors of productivity in the era of big data
The three elements of productivity are laborers, means of production and objects of labor, and the era of big data has changed the characteristics of the three elements of the traditional productivity, so that science and technology, especially the Internet as the core of the artificial intelligence as the representative of the data acquisition, processing, analysis, and application of technology has become the core features of productivity. The technology of data acquisition, processing, analysis and application represented by artificial intelligence at the core of the Internet has become the core features of productivity. These core features fundamentally change the survival environment of traditional supply chain management, that is, change the ecological characteristics of supply chain management.
1. The change of productivity in the era of big data determines the change of supply chain management
The productivity of each era determines the management characteristics and management mode of the production concern of the era, which is based on the development of human civilization, and the era of big data is no exception. Therefore, when the three elements of productivity in the era of big data have undergone fundamental changes, the ensuing supply chain management must also be changed according to the actual situation, in line with the characteristics of the development of productivity in order to enhance the competitive power, to achieve the efficiency of the enhancement and development.
2, workers have undergone a decisive change
Before the emergence of the era of big data, the traditional laborers are to physical labor and basic mental labor to manage the supply chain, this mental labor mainly includes basic information processing, some of the norms of business knowledge, and business-related data processing. However, after the emergence of the big data era, workers need to be more involved in brain work related to big data, such as data acquisition, analysis of supply chain data, consumer-related data research and forecasting
Monitoring and analyzing the performance of products related to product design, etc. This has fundamentally changed the level of demand for workers to master knowledge, and has changed the way they perceive the mindset of supply chain management. Changes in cognitive and conceptual changes in the mindset of supply chain management. In turn, including personnel administration, in all aspects of the recruitment performance assessment has changed the original requirements for supply chain managers.
Supply chain management close to the front end of the consumer, the need for more to the collection of mathematics and the description of consumer behavior, such information processing greatly changed the original mode of management rely on research and forecasting, which also changed the consumer side of the requirements of the workers
These requirements from the essence of the need to change the original management model, but also to the workers to create an effective value enhancement, but the subject of this creation must be the main body
The original management mode, but also to create an effective value enhancement. Enhancement, but the main body of this creation must be a change in the workers themselves. So on the whole, the demand for human resources is the first priority of productivity change in the era of big data.
3. The means of production in the production tools have changed a lot
The traditional supply chain management is basically based on the transfer of information to the traditional Internet computer network setup, in this mode the Internet is only as a tool for the transmission of information computer is also the input port for information collection.
Most of the computer users are used to enter relevant information or use the computer network to transfer relevant business data. Big Data era computer more inclined to collect and analyze data, more emphasis on the combination of software and intelligent hardware
The ultimate goal may be to achieve human-computer integration, and entry and transmission of relevant data to become the most basic ` function, so from the point of view of the use of computer computer networks, the function of the original goal has been completely changed.
4, the object of labor has changed a lot
The object of labor of supply chain management in the era of big data gradually from the traditional inventory management based on product manufacturing, distribution and sales, and gradually transformed into the characteristics of the product production and manufacturing that is to meet the characteristics of the consumer's deep demand for the design
Data The use of data from the original after-the-fact analysis to explain the interpretation gradually transformed into the correlation of big data applications, which is almost reflected in the annual statistical analysis of large-scale payment information, such as the number of WeChat red packets sent in the past two years
Alipay pointed out to the users of the statistical analysis of the monthly bill, across the e-commerce on the statistical analysis of the consumer's purchasing behavior, the analysis of such data finally formed the supply chain management, the judgment of the supply, but also the formation of the supply chain management, and also to the supply chain management. Judgment of supply, but also the formation of the future depth of consumer demand judgment and assessment. The original analysis and prediction gradually transformed into the application of big data relevance.
What impact will big data have on the supply chain2 Productivity characteristics in the era of big data Productivity in the era of big data is different from the previous technological changes brought about by the change in the elements of productivity, which can be summarized in the following points. From the whole agricultural civilization to the industrial civilization era of various changes in the overall characteristics of the agricultural civilization era is the main feature of the change of production tools, which typical changes include the emergence and application of bronze, the emergence of iron tools and a wide range of popularity and application of the main features, greatly promoting the improvement of production efficiency, thereby promoting the efficiency of the entire society, material wealth The great accumulation of material wealth, so that the feudal civilization appeared unprecedented heyday. Industrial civilization mainly focuses on the change in the energy of the means of production generated by the change in the power of the means of production, including the accumulation of long-term experience, the invention and application of the steam engine in the steam era of the 18th century, the application of electric power and machines powered by electricity in the era of industrialization, which greatly enhanced the change of social productivity, and contributed to the transformation of human civilization from the feudal civilization to the capitalist civilization and socialist civilization. socialist civilization, and the development of the political system continues to this day. With the passage of time, some scholars in the early 20th century put forward the advent of new technologies as the representative of the change in productivity, these new technologies, including new energy, new materials and computer technology, after half a century of development, the application of these technologies has also greatly contributed to the improvement of production efficiency, changing the specific characteristics of the mode of production. The main manifestation is the rise of new economics and the refinement of the management school. New business models and enterprise organization are emerging, and the capital market, represented by the securities market, has become a barometer of economic development. These phenomena of productivity development have become a **** knowledge of the people. The application of network information in the new technology era. And the emergence of the big data era today, can be summarized as a summary of the information age based on intelligent data and information processing and application of the productivity of the productive forces in the tools of production, laborers that is, human resources change, production methods and other aspects of the revolution as the main features of the change in productivity. Compared with other productivity changes in human history, the changes in the era of big data seem to be more abrupt from the perspective of time, have a greater impact on the way of life of social production, faster dissemination speed, and bring the production section of the supply chain closer to the end of production and consumption, relying on a combination of modern intelligent hardware and software, greatly enhancing the ability to access information on both sides of the supply and demand are fully integrated and highly unified, and accelerating the product life cycle. Big Data is a powerful tool for supply chain management, and accelerates the turnover speed of the product life cycle. What impact will big data have on the supply chain3 Opportunities brought about by changes in the era of big data With the changes in productivity in the era of big data, business organizations have a rare opportunity to manage the supply chain, which is mainly embodied in the following aspects: 1. Management concepts with the progress of production and technological development is increasingly becoming the core and essence of advanced production management methods. The change of the big data era makes the supply chain management concept can realize the development of deep precision, including the collection of supply chain consumer terminal demand information and user experience feedback to the production side, the product design and manufacturing and production, to meet the end consumer's deeper and more accurate demand. In terms of supply channels, the precise transmission of information through the network is conducive to the diversification of channels, and the rapid sales capacity of channels can be realized through the placement of precise marketing advertisements. In terms of inventory, the main significance of consumer demand-driven inventory management is mainly time inventory order lot size at the same time the safety stock greatly reduced the concept of zero inventory has been able to fully realize the turnover inventory. The level is greatly reduced so from the point of view of inventory costs inside the supply chain management precision. Ultimately overall. Not only to meet the consumer's end demand deep needs at the same time to meet the producers to reduce the cost of a tsunami order citizens in a timely manner the perfect user experience of the high-level goals. 2, synergistic effect increased Through the intelligent hardware and software technology data processing, in the supply chain of each link of the information processing collection and analysis and application, can be timely and effective to achieve the optimal, not only to achieve each link of the implementation of the level of academics and agility but also to achieve the overall synergies of the various links. For example, in the contemporary e-commerce supply chain management, the most typical is to Jingdong Mall as a representative of the self-managed logistics system and the platform of the synergistic combination of Not only to achieve the rapid processing of orders, but also Jingdong Mall's self-managed logistics system to achieve the optimization of inventory management, and more so that the Mall's sellers can be a large data based on the selection of products, the formulation of marketing strategies, procurement channels, optimization, and thus ultimately achieve the integration of the supply chain. The optimization of the supply chain integration of the maximum synergistic effect. In addition to e-commerce enterprises, the typical representative of this industry, in China's automotive aftermarket, especially for the automotive parts supply chain big data to achieve accurate classification, packaging and selection of logistics services, effectively realize the product multi-category, multi-parameter complex product characteristics of the supply chain management of the same product For China's automotive aftermarket small and medium-sized enterprises, especially for the most recent consumer 3, consumer demand customization drive The application of big data to supply chain management in the precise needs of consumers to achieve an effective way to meet, not only the analysis of the transaction and the analysis of consumer purchasing behavior as well as the analysis of the consumer's expectations for the future and the analysis of the future and can be based on the analysis of the realization of the production of customized supply-side issues to the problem. The existence of mass production into customized production to meet the characteristics of personalized demand. For example, the production of clothes, in the traditional mode is almost always the designer to design to guide the consumer to buy, customized demand in the market competition is in a weak position, not able to achieve the consumer's personal needs to meet, and the customization of the clothes of the cost is very high, the majority of consumers are not able to afford the cost of this customization, resulting in the development of customization of the slow. In recent years, an infrared technology on the human body depicts a combination of software and hardware, which not only realizes the description of the consumer's physical characteristics but also enables the design of clothes according to the preferences of different consumers, allowing consumers to quickly design according to their own wishes, and in the stage of purchasing and trading can also be selected through the smart fitting mirror on the existing clothes In the process of data collection and interaction between consumers and other links to achieve the analysis and processing of data to describe the future trend of consumption of clothing, but also to the final consumer to provide consumers with deep long-term service, so that only from the transaction of profits and from the long-term service of a single consumer, to achieve the increase in consumer stickiness, is conducive to the majority of small and medium-sized enterprises to use the data to achieve Lean management. 4, supply-side structural management optimization Supply-side reform is China's 13th Five-Year Plan period of the leading policy, the era of big data for the supply-side reform provides favorable conditions. Currently, most of China's industries in the traditional mode, to investment demand and foreign trade as the main driving force of the development model of the general overcapacity, to solve the problem of overcapacity mainly from two aspects, on the one hand, there is to improve the quality of the attack on the measurement of the product production and manufacturing To achieve the transformation and upgrading of industry, optimize the structure, improve the efficiency of manufacturing, especially focusing on the protection of the environment, and other sustainable development strategy On the other hand, we need to address the consumption needs of end-consumers to achieve marketable, competitive products that truly meet consumer demand. The era of big data provides a unique opportunity for supply-side reform. The optimization of the supply-side structure of the management of the use of energy as a typical, with the increasingly serious environmental problems, China's new energy instead of traditional fossil fuels must take very effective management measures, which is mainly reflected in the data as the core of the management of new energy to gradually replace the traditional fossil fuels in order to improve the environment to improve the utilization of energy, the government issued a force in 2010 closed down nearly In 2010, the government issued an effort to close nearly 100 thermal power plants colleagues plan to increase the 13th Five-Year Plan to develop 100 nuclear power plants. The realization of the eastern seaboard and energy use of the large areas of clean energy instead of engineering, must use big data on the effective use of energy to control the strong, polluting traditional fossil fuels to gradually improve the environment, and ultimately realize the sustainable development of China's economy. 5, small and medium-sized enterprise big data application to enhance competitiveness In the traditional productivity conditions, small and medium-sized enterprises face fierce competition in the market, the lack of resources in terms of insufficient creativity, the lack of efficiency of the use of the underground, and other aspects of the cause of large enterprises on the small and medium-sized enterprise of the living space of the extrusion, the emergence of big data, small and medium-sized enterprises, although the resources as well as innovation ability is not as good as in the underground. After the emergence of big data, small and medium-sized enterprises, although not as strong as large enterprises in terms of resources and innovation, but small and medium-sized enterprises to take advantage of the strategic flexibility, give full play to targeting the immediate market for the power of agility. The use of big data to segment the market again, locking the target market segments, the depth of customer excavation, the second innovation of the product, the realization of the asymmetry in the market competition, in micro-innovation to continue to meet the needs of consumers, to enhance the competitiveness of their products and services. Effectively improve their own shortcomings, and ultimately enhance the competitiveness of survival, in the country vigorously advocate mass innovation and entrepreneurship of the macro environment of small and medium-sized enterprises using big data technology, in the information communication, marketing competition, strategic reinvestment, etc. to tightly grasp the effective demand of the target customers in the market segments, not only to meet the targeted depth of the demand and enhance the control of the user experience, meet the The tools and methods to control the user experience and meet the potential needs of target customers in the market segments have created a large number of jobs at the same time as creating and realizing customer value, and since then, the brand competition has become y rooted in people's hearts. From the number of national applications for patents, in addition to the dominant position in the market competition in the large passenger aircraft enterprises on the proportion of R & D investment, and produced a large number of patents, the majority of small and medium-sized enterprises in the market to meet the target needs of the market segments at the same time, the use of their own conditions and the reapplication for patents the number of substantial growth in competitiveness enhancement at the same time to realize the value of the reshaping of the brand shaping.