Three items are reserved: 1000000 yuan principal; 65,438+00,000,000 yuan with interest of 65,438+00%; 0.5% interest on the principal of 90 million yuan.

(a) The purpose of bank reservation is to "enhance internal credit", which belongs to secondary interests. During the transaction, Bank A still retains part of its rights, mainly to ensure that when the trust company issues bonds with these loans in the future, Bank A still retains part of its rights and interests, because its credit rating is relatively higher than that of other financial institutions, which will lead to an internal credit upgrade, which is conducive to the issuance of bonds. )

Bank A transferred some major risks and rewards related to the ownership of this group of loans (such as major prepayment risks), but due to the establishment of secondary interests (that is, internal credit enhancement), it also retained some major risks and rewards related to ownership, and was able to control the retained rights and interests. According to the criteria of financial asset transfer, Bank A should adopt the continuous involvement method to account for financial asset transfer transactions.

The consideration received by Bank A is 965,438+0,654,38+0,500,000 yuan, and the fair value of the sale part is 90,900,000 yuan (that is, 65,438+0,065,438+0,000,000× 90%). It consists of two parts: one part is the consideration of 90% of the transferred loan and related interest, that is, 90.9 million yuan (i.e. 1, 0 1, 000,000× 90%); The other part is the consideration of 250,000 yuan due to the second level of reserved rights. In addition, because the fair value of the excess spread account is 400,000 yuan, the relevant consideration for credit enhancement of the financial asset transfer transaction of Bank A is 650,000 yuan.

(Excess spread refers to the excess income of the total cash income generated by the underlying assets after deducting the interest payable by securitization, necessary service fees and bad debt losses caused by default. Is the first line of defense to bear the loss. When the excess spread is negative, it shows that the cash flow is obviously insufficient, and other forms of credit enhancement measures need to be used at this time. The excess spread account is supported by the cash income generated by the underlying assets as a cash reserve for possible future loss compensation. )

Assuming that Bank A cannot obtain the respective fair values of 90% and 10% of the transferred loans, the calculation of the gains or losses arising from the transfer of 90% of the loans by Bank A is shown in the table in the book.

Profit from transfer of financial assets of Bank A = 90.9 million-90 million = 900,000 yuan,

The book value of the loan retained by Bank A is 1000000 yuan.

The amount of assets confirmed by Bank A due to its continued involvement, and the maximum cash inflow agreed by both parties that Bank A cannot receive due to credit enhancement is10,000,000 yuan; In addition, the 400,000 yuan assets formed by the excess spread account are essentially assets formed by continuous involvement.

The amount of liabilities confirmed due to continuous involvement is RMB 65,438+00,000,000, that is, the maximum cash inflow that Bank A cannot receive due to credit enhancement, and RMB 650,000, that is, the total fair value of credit enhancement is RMB 65,438+00,650,000.

Accordingly, Bank A shall make the following accounting treatment on the transfer date of financial assets:

① Confirm the difference between the fair value and book value of the transferred loan:

Debit: interbank deposit is 90.9 million yuan (10 1, 000,000× 90%).

Loan: 90 million yuan.

Other business income is 900,000 yuan.

② The difference between the actually received consideration and the fair value of the transferred loan (credit enhancement):

Debit: interbank deposit of 250,000 (965,438+0150,000-90,900,000).

Credit: Continue to be involved in liabilities of 250,000 yuan.

(The 250,000 yuan in the entry can be understood as the fair value corresponding to the loan principal of 6,543,800,000 yuan retained by Bank A and the interest of 6,543,800%, and can also be understood as the value of bank credit. )

③ Dispose of the right to retain the principal10 million yuan;

Borrow: Continue to participate in assets-subordinated interest 1000000.

Loan: Continue to participate in liabilities 1000000.

(While retaining the principal of RMB 654.38+million, the enterprise also undertakes the obligations. According to the underlying conditions: "If this group of loans defaults, the default amount will be deducted from the loan principal of 6,543,800 yuan owned by Bank A until it is fully deducted". Assets and liabilities involved continuously cannot offset each other)

(4) Handling of retaining the interest right of 0.5% of the principal of 90 million yuan:

Debit: Continued Participating Assets-Excess Account 400,000

Borrowing: Continue to involve liabilities of 400,000 yuan.

(The 400,000 yuan in the entry can be understood as that Bank A confirmed that it would continue to be involved in the assets because it kept the fair value corresponding to the interest of 05% of the loan principal of 90 million yuan, and at the same time, Bank A assumed the obligation, because the title condition gave: "If this group of loans are repaid in advance, the repayment amount will be distributed between Bank A and the transferee according to the ratio of 1:9", so it formed the debt to continue to be involved.

The combination of the above items is the items in the textbook:

Debit: interbank deposit: 91150,000.

Continue to participate in assets-subordinated interest 10 000 000

-Overaccount 400,000.

Loan: 90 million yuan.

Continued participation liabilities 10 650 000

Other business income is 900,000 yuan.

(2) After the transfer of financial assets, Bank A confirms the consideration of RMB 650,000 yuan obtained by credit enhancement by installments according to the principle of revenue recognition.

(3) On the balance sheet date, possible impairment losses shall be confirmed for the confirmed assets. For example, on June 365438+February 3 1 and 20×7, the transfer loan incurred a credit loss of RMB 3 million, and Bank A shall make the following accounting treatment:

Debit: Asset impairment loss of 3 million yuan.

Loan: loan loss reserve-subordinated interest of 3,000,000.

()

Debit: Continue to be involved in liabilities of 3,000,000.

Loan: Continued participation in assets-subordinated interest of 3,000,000.

(Due to the decrease of the future guarantee amount, the liabilities and assets involved will be adjusted at the same time to reflect the remaining guarantee amount. )

(Because the credit loss of the loan means that the rights and obligations collected in this part are reduced, it is necessary to reduce the assets and liabilities that continue to be involved at the same time. )