Bank, a legally established financial institution engaged in monetary credit business, is the product of the development of commodity monetary economy to a certain stage.
Banks are one of the financial institutions. Banks are classified into central banks, policy banks, commercial banks, investment banks and the World Bank, and their responsibilities are different.
Central Bank: That is, the People's Bank of China is the central bank of China.
The word "bank" originated from Banca, Italy, which originally meant benches and chairs, and was the business appliance of the earliest money changers in the market. English is translated into Bank, which means the cabinet for saving money. In China, the reason why it is called "bank" is related to the history of China's economic development.
in the history of our country, silver has always been one of the main monetary materials. "Silver" often represents money, while "bank" is the title of large commercial institutions. Calling a large financial institution dealing with money as a bank was first seen in "Senior Minister" written by Hong Ren of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
Origin
It is generally believed that the earliest bank was established in Venice in Italy in 147. Later, the Netherlands set up banks in Amsterdam, Germany in Hamburg and Britain in London. From the end of 18th century to the beginning of 19th century, banks developed generally.
in the 17th century, some civilians became rich through business and became wealthy businessmen. They all put their money in the king's vault for safety. It should be noted here that there was no paper money at that time, and the so-called saving money refers to storing gold.
because the system of "Free coinage" was implemented at that time, anyone could take gold bullion to the mint and cast it into gold coins, so the mint allowed customers to deposit gold. Unfortunately, these businessmen didn't realize that the mint belonged to the king, and if the king wanted to use the gold in the mint, there was nothing to stop it.
in p>1638, the king of England was Charles I. He had a war with the Scottish nobles. In order to raise military expenses, he expropriated the gold from the common people in the mint and lent it to the king.